Deskripsi dan Karakteristik Morfometri Kambing Peranakan Etawa yang Terintegrasi dengan Tanaman Lada

The integration system for Peranakan Ettawa (PE) goat livestock and pepper plants is one model for developing PE goat cultivation to increase agricultural businesses' efficiency and productivity. The research aims to determine the description of breeder characteristics in implementing the integration of PE goats and pepper plants, grazing capacity, and morphometric measurements on the bodies of PE goats in Bengkayang Regency. The research was conducted in the Selebar sub-district of Bengkayang Regency using survey and interview methods. The breeders were determined purposively using the criteria that the livestock group would still run an integrated PE goat farming business with pepper plants. Analyze breeder characteristics and morphometric data descriptively to determine the relationship between the grazing capacity of PE-integrated goats with pepper plants and livestock units (ST) calculated using linear regression. The research results describe PE goat breeders who are integrated with pepper plants based on age at the productive age of 41-50 years and experience in raising PE goats for 11-20 years. The grazing capacity of PE goat breeders is 32.71 Kg with an R2 of 94.93%. The morphometry of male and female PE goats aged around two integrated with pepper plants in Selebar District is not much different from SNI 7352.1, so it is still good for improving their performance.Sistem integrasi ternak kambing peranakan Ettawah (PE)  dan tanaman lada merupakan salah satu model pengembangan budidaya ternak kambing PE dalam meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas usaha pertanian. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui deskripsi karakteristik peternak dalam menerapkan integrasi kambing PE  dan tanaman lada, kapasitas mengarit serta pengukuran morfometrik pada tubuh kambing PE di Kabupaten Bengkayang. Penelitian dilakukan di  kecamatan Seluas Kabupaten Bengkayang dengan metode survei dan wawancara. Penentuan peternak secara purposive dengan kriteria kelompok ternak masih tetap melaksanakan usaha ternak kambing PE terintegrasi dengan tanaman lada. Analisis data karakteristik peternak dan morfometrik secara deskriptif dan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kapasitas mengarit kambing PE integrasi dengan tanaman lada dengan satuan ternak (ST)  dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan deskripsi  peternak kambing PE yang terintegrasi dengan tanaman lada yaitu berdasarkan umur masih pada usia produktif  41-50 tahun, dan pengalaman beternak kambing PE selama 11-20 tahun. Kapasitas mengarit peternak  kambing PE sebesar 32.71 Kg dengan R2 sebesar 94.93 %. Morfometri Kambing PE jantan dan betina berusia sekitar 2 tahun yang terintegrasi dengan tanaman lada di Kecamatan Seluas tidak jauh berbeda dengan SNI 7352.1, sehingga masih baik untuk ditingkatkan performanya

Kualitas Pupuk Organik Cair dengan Penambahan Bioaktivator Limbah Buah Mengkudu pada Waktu Fermentasi yang Berbeda

This research aims to obtain quality liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) by using cattle urine and noni-fruit waste as raw materials for LOF at optimal fermentation times. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatment levels and 3 replications with sampling times based on different time variations, namely 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days. This research shows that treatments with different fermentation times did not significantly affect the quality of liquid organic fertilizer, especially the Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) content. However, there was a tendency to increase the N and P content. The highest average N content was in the Fermentation treatment. For 3 weeks, namely 1.34%, and the highest average P content in the Fermentation treatment for 4 weeks, namely 0.44%. Meanwhile, the average potassium (K) content significantly differed in the 4-week fermentation treatment, namely 0.43%. Overall, the best N, P, and K content for all observed parameters was POC fermentation for 4 weeks (fermentation day 28).Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh pupuk organik cair (POC) yang berkualitas dengan menggunakan urin ternak sapi dan limbah buah mengkudu sebagai bahan baku POC pada waktu fermentasi yang optimal.  Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 taraf perlakuan dan 3 ulangan dengan waktu pengambilan sampel dilakukan berdasarkan variasi waktu yang berbeda yaitu 7 hari, 14 hari, 21 hari dan 28 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan dengan waktu fermentasi yang berbeda, tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas pupuk organik cair khususnya kandungan Nitrogen (N) dan Posfor (P), namun ada kecendrungan peningkatan kandungan N dan P. Rata-rata kandungan N tertinggi pada perlakuan Fementasi selama 3 minggu yaitu 1.34 % dan rata-rata kandungan P tertinggi pada perlakuan Fementasi selama 4 minggu yaitu 0.44 %.  Sedangkan rata-rata kandungan kalium (K) berbeda nyata pada perlakuan fermentasi selama 4 minggu yaitu 0.43 %. Secara keseluruhan, kandungan N, P dan K yang terbaik untuk semua parameter pengamatan adalah fermentasi POC selama 4 minggu (fermentasi hari ke 28)

Pengaruh Musim Terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Gurita di Pulau Langkai dan Lanjukang: The Influence of Seasons on Octopus Catches on Langkai and Lanjukang Islands

The existence of great potential is not supported by data and information regarding octopus catches and management. Catches in public waters are dynamic because they are influenced by various factors, especially season and rainfall. This research aims to determine the octopus catches on Langkai and Lanjukang Islands and how the season influences the octopus catches. The method used is the direct survey method, through interviews and distributing questionnaires to fishermen and collectors, with sample determination using the purposeful sampling method. Meanwhile, rainfall data was obtained from the Makassar City BMKG station. Catch data were analyzed using the SPSS t-test, while correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between rainfall and catch. The research results show that the production of octopus catches on Langkai and Lanjukang Islands during the year, from October 2021 to September 2022, fluctuates. For catches based on season, in the rainy season, it is 8,428 kg, while in the dry season, it is 4,271 kg. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant difference in octopus catch production in the rainy season and the dry season (p = 0.01). The correlation analysis of rainfall and catch results shows a reasonably strong correlation (0.55).Adanya potensi yang besar tidak didukung dengan adanya data dan informasi mengenai hasil tangkapan maupun pengelolaan gurita. Hasil tangkapan pada perairan umum sangat dinamis, karena dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor terutama musim / curah hujan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hasil tangkapan gurita di Pulau Langkai dan Lanjukang, serta bagaimana pengaruh musim terhadap hasil tangkapan gurita. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode survey langsung, melalui wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner kepada nelayan dan pengepul, dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan metode purpose sampling. Sedangkan untuk data curah hujan diperoleh dari stasiun BMKG Kota Makassar. Data hasil tangkapan dianalisis menggunakan uji t SPSS, sedangkan analisis korelasi digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan curah hujan dengan hasil tangkapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi tangkapan gurita di Pulau Langkai dan Lanjukang selama setahun yaitu pada bulan oktober 2021 hingga september 2022 berfluktuasi. Untuk hasil tangkapan berdasarkan musim, pada musim barat yaitu sebanyak 8.428 kg. sedangkan pada musim timur sebanyak 4.271 kg. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan produksi tangkapan gurita pada musim barat dan musim timur (p = 0,01). Untuk analisis korelasi curah hujan dengan hasil tangkapan menunjukkan korelasi yang cukup kuat (0,55). Kata Kunci: Curah hujan, Gurita, Hasil tangkapan, Pulau Langkai, Pulau Lanjukan

Visual Daun dan Identifikasi Hara Mikro pada Tanaman Lada dengan Kriteria Pertumbuhan Baik

Fertility and continuity of results are needed in pepper cultivation, so the right compatibility of nutrients is needed. Micronutrient observations are often not carried out regularly and tend to lag behind macronutrients, even though they are equally essential. Symptoms will be visible visually on the leaves and it is important to know that identifying nutrient symptoms is important. The leaf samples were represented by 20 old leaves and 20 young leaves which were observed visually by comparing them based on the nutrient symptom table, then the micronutrients of the young leaf tissue were analyzed. Based on the visuals of the leaves, symptoms of micronutrients were found dominantly found in young leaves. The diagnosis results based on visual symptoms were that pepper plants with the criteria for healthy growth still found symptoms of Fe deficiency in the form of yellowing in young leaves and also in old leaves, symptoms of Zn toxicity in the form of chlorosis between the leaves. young and Kahat B which shows that there are several young leaves which are also darker in color than normal young leaves. Based on analysis of the micro nutrient content found in young leaf tissue, the content of Cu, available Fe, Mn, Zn, B, Mo is below 100 ppm (100 mg/Kg), this figure shows that it is still in the low category

ENUMERATION OF POTENTIAL FUNGI ON POST-MINING LAND OF PT. VALE INDONESIA Tbk SOROWAKO

This study investigated the diversity and density of rhizosphere fungi in the post-nickel mining land of PT. Vale Indonesia Tbk., to assess its potential in supporting revegetation and ecological recovery. By analyzing fungal populations at various dilution levels in PDA media, this study revealed the relationship between post-reclamation duration and increased soil microbiological activity. The results showed that longer reclaimed land had denser fungal populations, especially at lower dilutions, indicating the importance of rhizosphere fungi in soil health recovery. This study confirmed that the presence of plants significantly affected the abundance and diversity of rhizosphere fungi. These findings provide insight into the importance of selecting specific fungal species for post-mining land revegetation strategies, which support plant growth and accelerate ecological recovery. It can contribute to developing best practices in ecological engineering and environmental management in post-mining areas.Penelitian ini menyelidiki keanekaragaman dan kepadatan cendawan rhizosfer di lahan pasca tambang nikel PT. Vale Indonesia Tbk., dengan tujuan untuk menilai potensinya dalam mendukung proses revegetasi dan pemulihan ekologis. Melalui analisis populasi cendawan pada berbagai tingkat pengenceran dalam media PDA, penelitian ini mengungkap hubungan antara durasi pasca-reklamasi dengan peningkatan aktivitas mikrobiologis tanah. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa lahan yang lebih lama direklamasi memiliki populasi cendawan yang lebih padat, khususnya pada pengenceran lebih rendah, menandakan pentingnya cendawan rhizosfer dalam pemulihan kesehatan tanah. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa keberadaan tanaman secara signifikan mempengaruhi jumlah dan keanekaragaman cendawan rhizosfer. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan mengenai pentingnya memilih jenis cendawan spesifik untuk strategi revegetasi lahan pasca tambang, yang tidak hanya menunjang pertumbuhan tanaman tetapi juga mempercepat pemulihan ekologis. Hal ini dapat berkontribusi pada pengembangan praktek terbaik dalam rekayasa ekologi dan manajemen lingkungan pada area pasca tambang

Dampak Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian di Kawasan Objek Wisata Latimojong Terhadap Pendapatan Petani

Uncontrolled conversion of agricultural land remains a serious problem in agricultural development, not only in urban areas but also in rural areas. The conversion of agricultural land often impacts the socio-economic life of farmers, especially income. One form of agricultural land conversion currently widely practiced is converting agricultural land into tourist sites. This research aims to determine the impact of the existence of the Civil Camp Karangan tourist attraction on the income of farmers who change land functions. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis. The Paired sample T-test analysis was used to determine the difference in farmers' income before and after the conversion of agricultural land. The results showed a calculated T value of 7,000> 2.57 T table value. It showed a difference in farmers' income before and after converting agricultural land into a tourist attraction. Thus, efforts are needed to improve the quality of the Civil Camp Karangan tourist attraction so that it still has economic benefits for the community around the location, especially farmers

Evektivitas Pengolahan Tanah dan Pengapuran Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kacang Merah (Phaseolus vulgaris L)

Soil is an essential factor in cultivating plants, which, apart from being a planting medium, also supplies food in the form of nutrients. For successful cultivation, farmers should know the condition of the soil before planting. One of the most important things is the soil acidity level (pH) and the type of soil that will be used for planting. The research aimed to determine the effect of soil processing and liming on the growth and production of red bean plants. The research was carried out in Bontomanai Village, Bungaya District, Gowa Regency, at an altitude of ± 400 meters above sea level from May to December 2023. The research used a Factorial Randomized Block Design with 2 factors. The first factor is soil processing, with 2 treatment levels: No tillage (control) and tillage (Hoeing). The second factor is the lime dose, with 4 levels of treatment, namely without liming (control), 1 ton/ha (0.1 kg/plot), 2 tons/ha (0.2 kg/plot), 3 tons/ha (0 .3 kg/plot). There were 8 combinations, and each treatment combination was repeated 3 times, so that 24 treatment combination units were obtained. Each treatment combination unit used 10 plants and 3 sample plants. The research results showed that tillage had a better effect than no tillage at a weight parameter of 100, namely 41.30 gr. Liming at a dose of 3 tons per hectare had the best effect on plant height parameters, namely 47.68 cm. The interaction between soil processing and liming at a dose of 3 tons/ha gave the best effect on seed weight per planting, 24.93 grams, seed weight per plot of 0.28 kg, and seed production per hectare, namely 2.8 tons/ha

Kajian Sifat Fisik Tanah pada Lahan Kering Beriklim Kering di Kecamatan Wulla Waijelu Kabupaten Sumba Timur

Dry land with a dry climate (LKIK) is suboptimal land that has the potential to be developed. A higher evapotranspiration rate than rainfall characterizes this land, so this land is in a condition of water shortage. One of the areas with LKIK conditions is Wulla Waijelu District, East Sumba Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province, which is one of the areas with LKIK conditions. This area has not utilized its land potential because the land's condition, especially the soil's physical properties, has yet to be discovered. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the physical properties of the land so that its use was based on the capabilities of the land. This research was conducted in Wulla Waijelu District in June-August 2023. This research used survey methods and sampling at predetermined points for four land uses. The observation variables are soil texture, permeability, porosity, bulk weight, and field capacity water content. The research results show that the research results provide varying values between land use and observation variables. Soil texture consists of clay, sandy clay, dusty clay, sandy loam, and dusty clay. Permeability criteria are medium, medium to fast, and fast, with soil porosity ranging from 22.8-70.3%. Soil bulk weight is between 0.96-1.6 gr/cm3, with field capacity water content varying from 22.8% to 70.3%

Transportasi Benih Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Dengan Menggunakan Bahan Alami Ekstrak Lempuyang (Zingiber zerumbet)

Using natural anesthetic materials to transport tilapia fry is crucial for finding sustainable alternatives to commonly used chemicals. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of lempuyang extract (Zingiber zerumbet) in transporting tilapia fry by increasing density and transportation duration while ensuring the well-being of the fry, as indicated by the survival rate. The study results suggest that Z. zerumbet can safely transport tilapia fry at a density of up to 145 fish/L, maintaining stable glucose levels and normal hematocrit. The survival rates remained consistently high at 99-100% with no significant differences. In conclusion, the study suggests that using Z. zerumbet at 5 mL/L in the transportation medium can support a density of 145 fish/L for up to 15 hours, making it an effective natural anesthetic for transporting fish fry.Pemanfaatan bahan anastesi alami untuk transportasi benih ikan nila sangat penting dilakukan, sebagai upaya menghasilkan bahan pengganti untuk penggunaan bahan kimia yang umum digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan ekstrak lempuyang (Zingiber zerumbet) untuk transportasi benih ikan nila baik pada efikasi peningkatan kepadatan maupun lama waktu transportasi, juga pada kondisi benih pasca transportasi dilihat dari sintasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan benih ikan nila berukuran (3-5 cm dan 5-7 cm). Hasil menunjukkan pemberian Z. zerumbet aman untuk transportasi hingga kepadatan 145 ekor/L, dilihat adanya penekanan glukosa dan hematokrit yang normal. Uji lanjut pemeliharaan tingkat kelangsungan hidup tetap tinggi 99-100% dan tidak berbeda nyata. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan aplikasi Z. zerumbet 5 mL/L pada media transportasi dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kepadatan hingga 145 ekor/L dengan lama waktu hingga 15 jam. Kemudian, aplikasi ini dapat digunakan pada ukuran benih ikan 3-5 cm; 5-7 cm. Penggunaan Z. zerumbetberpeluang dikembangkan sebagai anastesi alami untuk ikan

Uji Viabilitas, Vigor, dan Pendugaan Aksi Gen Varietas Tebu (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Berdasarkan Karakter Agronomi

Sugarcane seeding is a conventional initial seed stage that begins based on the juvenile phase for the formation of the three main components of the plant, namely roots, stems, and leaves. Conventional sugar cane nurseries use explants from either bud chips or mules to grow buds. Initial testing is based on viability characteristics, and seed vigor index. In addition, explant growth is influenced by the genetic aspects of each material used. This research aims to (1) determine the viability, and index of sugarcane seeds, and (2) estimate the action of genes that influence each observed character. This research was carried out in June – July 2023. The research used a complete randomized block design with the treatment of sugar cane varieties, namely AMS Agribun (V1), AAS Agribun (V2), and Kidang Kencana (V3). The results showed that the agronomic characters for the number of leaves, and leaf length were significantly different from ? 5%, with standard deviation, and coefficient of variation values, respectively, reaching 0.0697, and 21.144 for the number of leaves, and 4.743, and 29.776 for leaf length characters. The characters for the number, and length of leaves have skewness, and kurtosis values of 0.816, and (-0.3079), and 0.416, and (-0.811), respectively. The AMS Agribun variety showed the best performance for plant height, leaf length, leaf greenness, and number of roots. The AAS Agribun variety showed the best performance for the character's number of leaves, leaf width, and leaf area. Meanwhile, the Kidang Kencana variety showed the best performance regarding vigor index, growth speed, germination capacity, and root length