Meningkatkan Pembiasaan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) di Lingkungan Sekolah TK Labschool Unesa 2

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat di lingkungan TK Labschool Unesa 2 menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan. Metode ini dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan dan menganalisis informasi dari berbagai sumber literatur terkait, baik buku-buku, jurnal ilmiah, maupun artikel terbaru yang relevan dengan topik tersebut. TK Labschool Unesa 2 dikenal sebagai institusi pendidikan yang mengutamakan pengembangan anak usia dini dalam aspek kesehatan dan kebersihan. Melalui pendekatan studi kepustakaan, penelitian ini mendokumentasikan praktik- praktik yang diterapkan di sekolah tersebut untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan kebiasaan hidup bersih dan sehat di kalangan anak usia dini tentang pentingnya menjaga kebersihan diri, mengonsumsi makanan sehat, serta melakukan aktivitas fisik secara teratur. Dukungan dari tenaga pendidik dan staf sekolah menjadi kunci dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai ini kepada anak-anak secara efektif

Stimulasi Perkembangan Anak Berbasis Inovasi Permainan Ber-HKI Prodi PG PAUD UNY

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangangan yang menghasilkan inovasi dari permainan. Permainan tersebut kemuidan ber HKI prodi PG PAUD UNY. Inovasi ini merupakan pengembangan dari rekontruksi permainan terdahulu yang diperuntukkan untuk memberikan stimulasi perkembangan anak usia dini. Perekambangan anak usia dini yang dimaksudkan adalah perkembangan motoric, Bahasa, kognitif, dan social emosional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengembangan model Addie (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementasi dan evaluation) Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah anak usia dini.Penelitian ini telah melewati berbagai rievew dan uji implementasi terhadap anak usia dini. Inoavsi permainan berbasis HKI ini merupakan salah satu upaya stimulator yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan perkembangan anak usia dini. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Nekeran Biliar, Kembang kuncup, Dam kewan, Gasbalter, Dampar hewan dan buah, Jeboitit, Bazel, dancing, dan bedhekan gawe garis. yang selanjutnya di HKIkan serta permainan tersebut dapat menstimulasi perkembangan kognitif, motoric, Bahasa dan social emosiaonal anak usia dini

Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Project Based Learning Berbantuan Black Bos ARVR

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan model pembelajaran ciri khusus hewan di SD kelas 1 se-Kecamatan Parakan. Model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan adalah memadukan PBL dan PjBL berbantuan Black Box ARVR. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD se- Kecamatan Parakan pada Siswa Kelas 1 Ciri Khusus Hewan. Desain penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan rubrik. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh Guru dan peserta didik se-Kecamatan Parakan dengan sampel penelitian 20 GuruKelas. Hasil Peneltian ini adalah Model Pembelajaran Ciri Khusus Hewan Menggunakan PBL dan PjBL berbantuan Black Box ARVR (1) mencapai tingkat kelayakan desain 98% dan kelayakan produk 98% dengan metode expert judgement, (2) hasil observasi minat Sebanyak 10 kelas (67%) menyatakan sangat minat, sebanyak 2 kelas (13%) menyatakan minat, dan sisanya 3 kelas (20%) menyatakan cukup minat, (3) terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar peserta didik pada kelas eksperimen yang awalnya sebanyak 15 kelas (100%) tidak mencapai target menjadi sebanyak 12 peserta didik (80%) mencapai target pembelajaran, (4) hasil observasi keefektivan model pembelajaran yang dilakukan oleh observer. Kesimpulan bahwa Pengembangan Model pembelajaran Ciri Khusus Hewan Menggunakan PBL dan PjBL berbantuan Blackbox ARVR dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan pembelajaran terutama di kels rendah

Toxicity and Apoptosis Test of 96% Ethanol Extract of Agelas Cavernosa on Vero Cells

Agelas cavernosa sponge is a sponge from the Demospongiae class which includes 90% of all types of sponges. Agelas cavernosa sponge is known to have antibacterial activity. Research data on the toxicity and apoptosis test of Agelas cavernosa sponge on vero cells as far as researchers know has not been tested. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity and apoptosis of Agelas cavernosa ethanol extract. The research method was carried out using the MTT Assay method for toxicity testing and the flowsitometry method for apoptosis testing. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and polyphenols were all detected in the Agelas cavernosa ethanol extract, according to the results of phytochemical screening. The apoptosis test yielded vero cell viability of 82.2%, whereas the toxicity test yielded an LC50 value for vero cells of 197.84 ppm

Analisis Kebutuhan Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Chemistry Real Integrated Laboratory Work (CHEM-RILW) Pada Pembelajaran Kimia

This study aims to analyze the need for further development of the CHEM-RILW model, an extension of the previously developed ILW model. The respondents involved in this study included two lecturers (N = 2) and forty-seven chemistry students (N = 47). Data was collected using observation sheets, questionnaires, critical thinking tests, and rubrics for argumentation and communication skills. The results indicated that the implementation of the learning process successfully integrated investigative activities carried out in the laboratory. This integration demonstrated that the pre-laboratory, laboratory, and post-laboratory stages were effectively implemented. However, the previous model did not sufficiently enhance students' interpretation and presentation skills. Additionally, the human element was not adequately emphasized, which limited the development of students' argumentation skills. Analysis of the lecturer questionnaire revealed a need to improve the learning model by incorporating more real-world applications of theory. Based on these findings, it is clear that further development of the ILW model is necessary. The CHEM-RILW model, as an enhancement, introduces real-world aspects and emphasizes the human element in learning, highlighting the relevance of community science in the context of chemistry concepts.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis kebutuhan pengembangan model CHEM-RILW sebagai bagian dari model ILW yang sebelumnya telah dikembangkan. Responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah dosen (N =2) dan mahasiswa kimia (N = 47). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan lembar observasi, kuesioner, tes berpikir kritis, rubrik keterampilan argumentasi dan komunikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran telah terintegrasi dengan pelaksanaan penyelidikan yang dilaksanakan di laboratorium. Integrasi ini menunjukkan tahap pra-laboratory, laboratory work, dan post-laboratory telah dilaksanakan dengan optimal. Namun, model sebelumnya belum mampu meningkatkan keterampilan interpretasi dan presentasi. Faktor elemen manusia belum terlalu dimunculkan sehingga argumentasi mahasiswa juga belum terlatih dengan baik. Analisis kuesioner dosen menunjukkan perlunya penyempurnaan model pembelajaran dengan lebih banyak melibatkan aplikasi real dari teori. Berdasarkan hasil analisis ini maka diperlukan pengembangan model ILW yang sebelumnya telah dikembangkan. Pengembangan model CHEM-RILW menunjukkan tambahan aspek real pada model ILW untuk memasukkan elemen manusia dalam pembelajaran. Konsep real menekankan pada deskripsi sains asli masyarakat yang dapat menunjukkan elemen manuasia dalam konsep kimia

Edukasi Struktur Teks Anekdot pada Siswa Kelas X SMAN 5 Lebong

Pelaksanaan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) di masyarakat bertujuan untuk mendukung siswa, terutama dalam memberikan bimbingan pendidikan tentang struktur teks anekdot kepada siswa kelas X di SMA N 5 Lebong. Remaja adalah individu yang sedang dalam proses menuju kedewasaan, yang mulai menyadari perbedaan antara benar dan salah, mengenal lawan jenis, memahami peran dalam kehidupan sosial, menerima identitas diri, serta mengembangkan potensinya. Penelitian ini berfokus pada struktur teks anekdot, yang merupakan teks berisi fakta dengan kritik dan humor. Teks anekdot sering kali mengangkat fenomena sosial yang terkait dengan politik, tokoh terkenal, peristiwa viral, atau pengalaman pribadi. Untuk memperkenalkan materi ini kepada siswa SMA, diperlukan metode yang efektif agar siswa mudah memahami. Salah satu metode yang diterapkan adalah memberikan bimbingan dan edukasi secara langsung kepada siswa. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa 70% siswa SMA N 5 Lebong telah menguasai materi tentang struktur teks anekdot

THE EFFECT OF NUMERACY LITERACY ON STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh literasi numerasi terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi peluang kelas VIII SMPN 1 Aikmel tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah 248 orang siswa kelas VIII SMPN 1 Aikmel tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Adapun sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 71 orang siswa yang dipilih dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan tes literasi numerasi dan tes kemampuan berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rara-rata siswa memiliki kemampuan bepikir kritis sedang. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata siswa memiliki kemampuan literasi numerasi sedang.  Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi linear sederhana diperoleh persamaan regresi yakni Y . Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan literasi numerasi terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada materi peluang kelas VIII SMPN 1 Aikmel tahun ajaran 2024/2025 dengan kontribusi pengaruh yang diberikan sebesar 82%. Saran untuk peneliti selanjutnya agar meneliti terkait faktor-faktor yang lain yang mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir kritis, baik faktor internal maupun faktor eksternal.This study aims to determine the effect of numeracy literacy on students' critical thinking skills in class VIII opportunity material of SMPN 1 Aikmel in the 2024/2025 school year. This type of research is quantitative research. The population of this study were 248 students of grade VIII of SMPN 1 Aikmel in the 2024/2025 school year. The sample used in this study was 71 students who were selected using the *cluster random sampling* technique. The instruments in this study used numeracy literacy tests and critical thinking ability tests. The results showed that most students had moderate critical thinking skills, as many as 70 students (90%). The results also showed that most students had moderate numeracy literacy skills, namely 36 students (56%). Based on the results of simple linear regression analysis, the regression equation obtained is $Y = 20.912 + 0.705X$. Based on the results of hypothesis testing, it is found that there is a significant effect of numeracy literacy on students' critical thinking skills in class VIII opportunity material of SMPN 1 Aikmel in the 2024/2025 school year with a contribution of the influence given of 82%. Suggestions for further researchers to examine other factors that affect critical thinking skills, both internal and external factors

Thrust Analysis of the RX-70 Rocket Using Burnsim Simulation with Variations in RDX Content and Grain Geometry

Indonesia, as the largest archipelagic country in the world with a strategic geographical position, has an urgent need to develop a reliable defence system, one of which is through rocket technology. The RX-70 rocket is one of the national rocket development programs designed to strengthen domestic defence capabilities. This study aims to analyze the thrust performance of the RX-70 rocket motor with a numerical simulation approach using BurnSim software. The main focus of this study is to evaluate the effect of variations in Cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) content and star grain geometry configuration on the combustion characteristics and thrust performance of a rocket based on composite propellant containing Ammonium Perchlorate (AP), Aluminium (Al), and HTPB binder. The study was conducted quantitatively using simulations based on optimized propellant formulation data using ProPEP software. Variations in the number of star grains analyzed included configurations of 3 to 9 star points, with RDX content varying from 0% to 20% by weight. The simulation results showed that increasing the number of star grains contributed significantly to increasing the combustion surface area, which had a direct impact on increasing maximum thrust and reducing burn time. This shows that grain geometry has a dominant influence on motor performance compared to variations in RDX content in the tested range. On the other hand, the addition of RDX did not significantly increase thrust, but had an impact on combustion efficiency and the formation of condensed combustion products (CCPs). Higher RDX content tends to produce greater agglomeration of aluminium particles, which has an impact on decreasing combustion efficiency. The Star 8 configuration with the fifth variation showed the best performance, with the highest combustion chamber pressure reaching 753 psi and a stable thrust above 2,090 N. These findings emphasize the importance of grain geometry optimization in rocket motor design, as well as the need for a balance between energetic material content and combustion efficiency. This research contributes to the development of composite propellant design for national defence applications. To strengthen the validity of the findings, full-scale experimental testing is recommended to compare simulation results with actual performance in the field

Evaluation of HOTS Test on Renewable Energy Materials through Rasch Model Analysis

The growth of education in the globalisation era demands a paradigm change in the learning process, especially in terms of assessment that emphasises the importance of higher-order thinking skills (HOTS), which are no longer only focused on memorising and understanding basic concepts. This study aims to evaluate HOTS tests on renewable energy materials using the Rasch model as the main analysis technique. This research uses an evaluative design with a quantitative approach that aims to analyse the psychometric quality of HOTS test instruments objectively and systematically. The research subjects consisted of 71 learners selected through a purposive sampling technique from two classes in senior high school. The research instrument used was 10 multiple-choice questions with five answer options and analysed using Ministep software. The analysis results through the Wright map show that the distribution of students' abilities is close to a normal distribution. In contrast, the distribution of item difficulties has an uneven pattern, so that it does not cover the entire range of students' HOTS abilities. In addition, most of the items had adequate psychometric quality, but two items did not fit and needed special attention. Nevertheless, further analysis using the Item Characteristic Curve (ICC) revealed that item S3 indicated misfit, bringing the total to three items that did not fit the Rasch Model predictions. In addition, item S5 is included as a bias item. Overall, the instrument shows that the hierarchy of item difficulty is consistent and reliable, but it has limitations in sensitivity in distinguishing ability levels between learners. In addition, ICC analysis provides more sensitive detection of response pattern discrepancies, indicating the need for multiple analyses for comprehensive validation. Additional items are needed to comprehensively cover the spectrum of student abilities and improve the precision of identifying individual ability differences

Effectiveness of Desmanthus virgatus Leaf Ethyl Acetate Extract and Antiviral Drugs as Antirabies Based on In Silico Study

Rabies is a deadly viral disease that has no effective therapy after clinical symptoms appear. This study aims to evaluate the antirabies potential of the dominant compounds in the ethyl acetate extract of Desmanthus virgatus leaves, as well as several antiviral drugs, through an in silico approach. The extract was obtained through maceration and partitioning methods using ethyl acetate solvent, then analyzed using LC-MS, which identified 182 secondary metabolite compounds, and ten dominant compounds were selected for further analysis. These compounds, along with seven antiviral drugs, were docked against the rabies virus glycoprotein (PDB ID: 6LGX) using AutoDockTools 4.2.6 software. The docking results were analyzed based on the values of binding affinity, inhibition constant (Ki), and interaction with active amino acid residues.  Quercitrin and quercimeritrin were the dominant flavonoid glycosides in the ethyl acetate extract of D. virgatus leaves that showed binding affinity values of -8.45 kcal/mol and -8.10 kcal/mol, respectively. In addition, bictegravir and tegobuvir showed binding affinity values of -9.17 kcal/mol and -9.05 kcal/mol, respectively. Four compounds indicated potential as antirabies drugs. Pharmacokinetic feasibility tests using Lipinski parameters showed that most of the dominant compounds violated one or more parameters, especially the number of hydrogen bond donors/acceptors and molecular weight. However, such violations were also found in some antiviral drugs that have been used, such as remdesivir and darunavir. These results suggest that D. virgatus leaf extracts contain compounds with promising potential antirabies activity and deserve further investigation through in vitro and in vivo tests