29,519 research outputs found
Studies on the Inter-subgeneric Hybridization in the Genus Mentha : IV.Physiological Studies on the Germination of Pollen
æ¥æ¬ããã«ãçšããŠè±ç²ã®çºèœççã®ç 究ãšäººå·¥çºèœåºã®æ¢çŽ¢ãè¡ãªã£ã.ãã®çµæã¯æ¬¡ã®ããšãã§ãã.1.ããã«è±ç²ã®çºèœã«ã¯,20%ã®ãããŠç³ã溶åªãšãã,ç
®æ²žã«ãã£ãŠã²ã«åããããªããŒã©ãã³30%溶液ãpH5.5ïœ6.0ã«èª¿ç¯ããçºèœåºãé©åœãšèãããã.2.äžèšäººå·¥çºèœåºã«éãããŸãã¯åæ¿çµç¹æ±ãå ãããš,è±ç²ã®çºèœã¯ããã«ãããªã.3.éãããšåæ¿ã®çµç¹æ±ã¯,éè±åœæ¥ã®ãã®ãå¹æçã§,åæ¥ã®ãã®ã¯å¹æå°ãªã,åã
æ¥ã®ãã®ã¯ã»ãšãã©å¹æããªã.4.äžèšäººå·¥çºèœåºãçšãããš,éè±åœæ¥,ç¹ã«æ¡éçŽåŸã®è±ç²ã®çºèœçã¯é«ãã,éè±åæ¥ã®æªçè±ç²ããã³éè±ç¿æ¥ã®èçè±ç²ã®çºèœçã¯èæžãã.5.è±ç²ã®çºèœããã³è±ç²ç®¡äŒžé·ã®é©æž©ã¯,27âååŸãšèãããã.35âã®é«æž©äžã«ãããŠãããçºèœ,䌞é·ãã.6.ç°çš®ããã«ã®éãããšåæ¿ããã®æµžåºç©è³ªã®æ¥æ¬ããã«è±ç²ã®çºèœãä¿é²ããå¹æã¯ååèªããããªãã£ãã,å°ãªããšãè¿çžçš®ãŸãã¯è¿çžå€çš®ã®ãããã¯,æ¥æ¬ããã«è±ç²ã®çºèœã«é«ãä¿é²å¹æããã.7.ããã«å±ã®ä»çš®(M. rotundifolia, M. spicata, M. japonica, M. aquatica, M. gentilis, M. piperita, M. Pulegium ããã³ M. Gattefossei)ã®è±ç²ã¯,äžèšäººå·¥çºèœåºã§ããçºèœã,è±ç²ç®¡ã䌞é·ãã.8.ãã®äººå·¥çºèœåºäžã«ãããããã«åçš®ã®è±ç²çºèœçã¯,éé
žã«ãŒãã³æè²ã«ãã£ãŠæ€å®ãããããããã®çš®ã®çšæ§è±ç²çãšã»ãŒäžèŽãã
äŒç çšåºŠã®ç°ãªããããŠâããªãŒãâã®çºèœã«åãŒã枩床ã®åœ±é¿
The effects of temperature on budbreak of cuttings obtained at different stages of dormancy from 'Pione' grapevines (Vitis labrusca à V. vinifera) grown in open field were investigated. Cuttings were collected at monthly intervals from July to March. Judging from the number of days to initial and 60% budbreak after treatment, indicating promotion and the uniformity of budbreak, respectively, 30â was the most effective in budbreak, followed by 25 and 20â in that order in all treatment times. However, the effect of temperature on budbreak was markedly affected by treatment time. The number of days to initial budbreak (NDIB) increased gradually from July to October, peaked in December and thereafter decreased gradually towards March. The periods from July to September, from October to December, and from January to March were assumed to correspond to paradormancy, endodormancy, and ecodormancy of 'Pione' grapevines, respectively. Final percentage of budbreak was less than 100% until endodormancy for all temperatures. It was below 60% at 20â treatments of July to September. On the other hand, a uniform budbreak was observed in the treatments after the middle of endodormancy for all temperatures, resulting in almost 100% of final percentage of budbreak. There was a significant negative correlation between NDIB and cumulative chilling hour (CCH) of exposure to below 7.2â in the treatments after November, and also between NDIB and cumulative temperature (CT, âh), a summation of temperature and hours of exposure to above 0°C from November 1 to each treatment time and hours of exposure to 20, 25, or 30â from start of treatment
to budbreak in each plot. The results suggest that besides CCH, CT can also be used to estimate the completion of dormancy in 'Pione' grapevine bud.é²å°æ œå¹ãããŠãããããŠâããªãŒãâã«ã€ããŠïŒäŒç ã®æ·±ããç°ãªã7æããç¿å¹Ž3æãŸã§çŽ1ãæééã§æãæ¡åãïŒ1èœãæãæ¿ãç©ã調æŽããåŸïŒ20ïŒ25ããã³30âã«å¶åŸ¡ããã€ã³ãã¥ããŒã¿ãŒïŒãããã14æéæ¥é·ïŒã«å
¥ãïŒçµæçã«çºèœã調æ»ããïŒçºèœã®æ©ãã瀺ãçºèœæèŠæ¥æ°ãšçºèœã®æãã瀺ã60%çºèœæèŠæ¥æ°ããçºèœã«åãŒã枩床ã®åœ±é¿ãè©äŸ¡ããïŒå®éšæéäžã®æž©åºŠã枬å®ãïŒäŒç å®äºãšæž©åºŠãšã®é¢ä¿ãèå¯ããïŒãããã®åŠçææã«ãããŠã30âã®çºèœãæãåªãïŒæ¬¡ãã§25âïŒ20âã®é ã§ãã£ãïŒãããïŒçºèœã«åãŒã枩床ã®åœ±é¿ã¯åŠçææã«ãã£ãŠå€§ããç°ãªã£ãïŒããªãã¡ïŒçºèœæèŠæ¥æ°ã¯7æãã10æãŸã§ã¯åŸã
ã«å¢å ãïŒ11æã«æ倧ã«éããåŸïŒ3æã«åããŠå°ããã€æžå°ããïŒãã®ããšããïŒâããªãŒãâã§ã¯7æãã9æãæ¡ä»¶çäŒç æïŒ10æãã12æãèªçºäŒç æïŒ1æãã3æãä»çºäŒç æãšæšå¯ãããïŒèªçºäŒç æãŸã§ã®æçµçºèœçã¯ãããã®æž©åºŠã100%æªæºã§ããïŒãŸã7æïœ9æã®20âåŠçã§ã¯60%æªæºã®çºèœçã§ãã£ãïŒäžæ¹ïŒèªçºäŒç æã®äžæ以éã®åŠçã§ã¯ãããã®æž©åºŠãšãåäžãªçºèœã瀺ãïŒæçµçºèœçã¯ã»ãŒ100%ã§ãã£ãïŒ11æ以éã®åŠçã«ãããŠïŒçºèœæèŠæ¥æ°ãš7.2â以äžã®æž©åºŠã«ééããæéæ°ïŒCCHïŒãšã®éã«ææãªè² ã®çžé¢ããã£ãïŒãŸãïŒ11æïŒæ¥ããååŠçææãŸã§ã®0â以äžã®æž©åºŠã«ééããæéæ°ãš20ïŒ25ãŸãã¯30âã§åŠçãå§ããæ¥ããååŠçåºã®çºèœãŸã§ã®æéæ°ãšã®ç©ç®ïŒCT, âã»hïŒãšã®éã«ãææãªè² ã®çžé¢ãèªããããïŒä»¥äžã®ããšããïŒâããªãŒãâã®èœã®äŒç å®äºã®äºæž¬ã«ã¯äœæž©éééã ãã§ãªãïŒ0â以äžã®ç©ç®æž©åºŠã«ããæ¹æ³ãæå¹ãšèãããã
ãªãŠã㊠ã ã〠ãã€ãšãŠ ã ãªã±ã« ããã¬ãã³ ã ã±ã³ããŠ
ãæèŠããŸãïŒèçºèœæã®åœ¢æ
çç¹åŸŽã®èŠ³å¯ãè¡ãªãïŒæ£åžžã«çé·ãããåäœã¯çºèœã®æ®µéã§åèã倧ããéããã«å¹Œæ ¹è¥å€§ïŒæ¬èå±éãè¡ãªãïŒåèèªäœã¯ç·åïŒç¡¬åããŠãããšããç¹åŸŽã芳å¯ããå¯å€©ïŒããŒããŒããªããžïŒããŒããã¥ã©ã€ãã®3çš®ã®çºèœåºã®æ¯èŒããïŒããŒããã¥ã©ã€ãã¯åŸæ¥æãæ®éã«çšããããŠããå¯å€©ãããé«ãçºèœãããããããšãæããã«ãã.ããã«ïŒããŒããã¥ã©ã€ãã®çºèœåºã«ãããŠã¯æå®è¥å€§å®äºã®æ®µéã§æåºãããæªå®ççããååã«çºèœãããããšãã§ãã.éå»ã®èçºèœã®å®éšã§çºèœçãäœãã£ãåå ã®1ã€ã¯æããã«çºèœåºã«ãã£ããšèããããšãã§ãã.ããŒããã¥ã©ã€ãã§é«ãçºèœãåŸãããåå ã«ã€ããŠã¯æ°Žåã®äŸçµŠïŒæ€ç©äœããå¹å°ã«åºãããçºèœé»å®³ç©è³ªã®æ»çïŒæ€ç©äœããå¹é€åšç©ºéã«æŸåºãããæ®æ£ç©è³ªçãèããã,ãã®ç¹ãæããã«ããç®çã§ããŒããã¥ã©ã€ãçºèœåºã«å ããæ°Žåæ·»å éãå€ãããïŒå¹é€åšç©ºèããã¬ã¹ãæããããªåŠçãè©Šã¿ã.ãã®çµæéå°ãªæ°Žåãçºèœã«å¯ŸããŠé»å®³çãªåœ±é¿ãåãŒãããšã¯ç¢ºãã§ãããïŒãã®ããšã§å¯å€©å¹å°ã®æ瞟ã®æªãã説æããããšã¯åºæ¥ãªããšæããã.ãŸãã¬ã¹ã®æåãã«ãã£ãŠçè²ãä¿é²ãããããšã¯ãªãïŒåäœã®çœ®åºå¯åºŠã®é«ãŸãã«äŒŽãçè²ã®äžæã¯å¹å°ã®åŽã«åå ãåž°ããããããšãæšå¯ããã
ãããŠã®èœã®äŒç æç Žã«äŒŽãçççå€å
Changes in CO2 and C2H4 production and water content of bud associated with breaking in
âPioneâ grapevine (Vitis labrusca ÃV. vinifera) were investigated throughout dormancy. Buds
were collected monthly from August to December, during dormancy induction and maintenance,
and CO2 and C2H4 production were determined by GC after incubation. Both CO2 and
C2H4 production, especially for the latter, were low throughout the experiment. Water content of
bud gradually increased until October ; thereafter it was constant. When CO2 and C2H4 production
was determined from December to April, during dormancy maintenance to release, CO2
production was low from beginning of experiment to early April, prior to bursting, then rapidly
increased to April 13, the bursting date. C2H4 production was almost undetectable throughout
the experiment. Cuttings obtained at 3 different stages of dormancy were applied with 2%
H2CN2 or distilled water (control), and budbreak was monitored in a plastic house kept at 20â
or more. The CO2 and C2H4 production of bud were also determined weekly until budbreak.
Regardless of treatment time H2CN2 significantly promoted budbreak compared to the control.
Significantly higher production of CO2 was observed in cuttings treated with H2CN2 at 3 to 9
days before bursting for all the treatment times. C2H4 production was very low throughout the
experiment for all the treatments. Irrespective of chemical application and treatment time, water
content of bud decreased to the bursting stage, H2CN2 treatment especially showing a large
decline. When dormant cuttings were treated with ACC, GSH (reduced glutathione) and GSSG
(oxidized glutathione), only ACC promoted budbreak. Budbreak in cuttings treated with cyanamides
such as CaCN2 and H2CN2 and cyanides such as KCN and NaCN was significantly accelerated
except for H2CN2. Based on these results, the relationship between budbreak of grapevine
buds and physiological changes in buds, and the roles of substances related to ethylene biosynthesis
on breaking bud dormancy are discussed.ãããŠâããªãŒãâã«ã€ããŠïŒäŒç ã®å°å
¥ãšèŠéã®éçšã«ãããèœã®çççå€åã調æ»ããïŒäŒç å°å
¥æã®8æããèŠéåæã®12æãŸã§é²å°ã§æ œå¹ãããŠããåäœããèœãæ¡åãïŒåŒåžéïŒãšãã¬ã³çæéããã³å«æ°Žçã枬å®ã
ãïŒèª¿æ»æéãéããŠåŒåžéã¯äœãïŒãšãã¬ã³ãã»ãšãã©æ€åºãããªãã£ãïŒèœã®å«æ°Žçã¯8æãã10æãŸã§å
ãã«äžæãïŒãã®åŸã¯å€åãã¿ãããªãã£ãïŒäŒç èŠéåæã®12æããçºèœæã®4æäžæ¬ãŸã§ïŒèœã®åŒåžéãšãšãã¬ã³çæéã枬å®ããïŒåŒåžéã¯4æäžæ¬ãŸã§ã¯äœãæšç§»ãïŒçºèœïŒ4æ13æ¥ïŒã®çŽåã«æ¥äžæããïŒãšãã¬ã³ã¯æž¬å®æéãéããŠäœãã£ãïŒäŒç æã®12æïŒ1æããã³2æã«æ¡åããç©æšã2% H2CN2 ãŸãã¯èžçæ°ŽïŒå¯Ÿç
§ïŒã§åŠçãïŒ25â以äžã«ä¿ã£ããã©ã¹ããã¯ããŠã¹ã«å
¥ããŠçºèœã調æ»ãããšãšãã«ïŒçµæçã«èœã®åŒåžéïŒãšãã¬ã³çæéããã³å«æ°Žçã枬å®ããïŒäž¡ææãšã察ç
§åºããã H2CN2 åŠçåºã®çºèœãæ©ãïŒãããäŒç ã®æ·±ã12æåŠçã§åºã«ããå·®ã倧ããã£ãïŒäž¡åºãããã®ææãšãïŒèœã®åŒåžéã¯çºèœçŽåã«æ¥äžæããã®ã«å¯ŸãïŒãšãã¬ã³çæéã¯èª¿æ»æéãéããŠäœããŸãŸã§ãã£ãïŒèœã®å«æ°Žçã¯ïŒãããã®ææããã³åŠçåºãšãçºèœæã«äœäžãïŒç¹ã« H2CN2 åŠçåºã®äœäžã倧ããã£ãïŒäŒç ææ·±æã®10æã«æ¡åããç©æšã« ACCïŒGSHïŒéå
åã°ã«ã¿ããªã³ïŒããã³ GSSGïŒé
žååã°ã«ã¿ããªã³ïŒãåŠçãïŒçºèœã«åãŒã圱é¿ã調æ»ãããšããïŒACC ã ããçºèœãä¿é²ããïŒåæ§ã«ïŒ4çš®ã®ã·ã¢ã³ååç©ïŒCaCN2ïŒH2CN2ïŒKCNïŒNaCNïŒãåŠçãããšããïŒH2CN2ãé€ãææã«çºèœãä¿ããïŒãããã®çµæãåºã«ïŒãããŠã®çºèœãšçççå€åãšã®é¢ä¿ããã³äŒç èŠéã«åãŒããšãã¬ã³çåæé¢é£ç©è³ªã®äœçšæ§ã«ã€ããŠèå¯ãã
ã¢ããã³ã ã ãªãªãã«ã³ãŠãª ã ã·ã¥ã· ãã㬠ã ãœã¯ã·ã³
When freshly mature seeds of Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce var. pluriflorum (Miq.) Ohwi and P. macranthum (Maxim.) Koidz. were planted in mid-October and grown outdoors, no radicle emerged until the next June and no green shoot emerged until the spring after next. In seeds of P. odoratum, higher percentages (about 80% or more) of a most early shoot emergence (in about 220 days after the start of incubation) were obtained when the seeds were kept at 20â for 105 days after the termination of radicle dormancy and then chilled at 5â for 105 days to terminate epicotyl dormancy and then grown at 20 to 30â. In seeds of P. macranthum, higher percentages (about 80% or more) of a most early shoot emergence (in about 210 days after the start of incubation) were obtained when the seeds were kept at 20â for 90 days after the termination of radicle dormancy and then chilled at 5â for 105 days and then grown at 30â.ãããŒã¯ãŒãïŒã¢ããã³ãïŒãªãªãã«ã³ãŠãªïŒçš®åçºèœïŒäŒç æç ŽïŒäžè軞äŒç ãKey Words : Polygonatum odoratum, Polygonatum macranthum, seed germination, breaking dormancy, epicotyl dormancy
ã€ããŠãª ã·ã¥ã· ã ãã㬠ãœã¯ã·ã³ ã ã«ã³ã¹ã« ã±ã³ãã¥ãŠ
ãæèŠãã€ããŠãªçš®åã¯æçš®åŸäžèšã®æ®µéããžãŠåºèã«è³ã:é«æž©æå¿æ(çš®åäŒç æç Žæ®µé)ïŒå°äžçºèœã»å°ç圢ææ,äœæž©æå¿æ(äžè軞äŒç æç Žæ®µé)ïŒåºèæ(å°äžã«èãåºçŸãã段é).æ¬å ±åã§ã¯ïŒæçš®ããåºèãŸã§ã®æ¥æ°ãæçã«ããæ¡ä»¶ãæããã«ããããšãç®çãšããŠ,å段éã®äŒç æç ŽïŒçºè²ããã¿ããã«é²ãã枩床æ¡ä»¶ãªã©ã«ã€ããŠæ€èšãïŒä»¥äžã®çµæãåŸã.é«æž©æå¿æã¯çš®åã湿ç¶æ
ã§290â,6é±éã®åŠçãè¡ããšäŒç æç Žå¹æã倧ããïŒæ¬¡ã®æ®µéã§å°äžçºèœãä¿é²ããã.é«æž©åŠçåŸããäœæž©åŠçéå§ãŸã§ã®éã«å°äžçºèœãïŒå°çã圢æãããïŒè¯å¥œãªåºèãåŸãããã«ã¯ãã®æéã¯21âã§8é±éã¯å¿
èŠã§ãã£ã.äžè軞äŒç æç Žã®ããã®äœæž©åŠçã¯5âïŒ10é±éãé©åœãšèãããã.äœæž©åŠçåŸã®åºèé©æž©ã¯çŽ20âãšèãããïŒ25â以äžã®æž©åºŠã§ã¯åºèã匷ãæå¶ããããªãïŒé«æž©åŠçåã«çš®ç®ãå
šé€å»ãããšå°äžçºèœãèããä¿é²ããã
ãã€ãªã³ ãžã§ãŠã±ã³ã« ã ãŠãŠã ãšãŠã〠ã ãã§ãŸãŠ ã·ã¿ Malus ãŸã¯ ã·ã§ã¯ãã ã«ãã³ ã ããã¬
ãè«žèšãçè
çã¯ãªã³ãŽå°æšãŸãã¯æ œå¹æš¹ã®æš¹çš®åå®ã«è³ããããã®åœ¢è³ªãè¿œæ±ããããã«ïŒ1970幎以æ¥åéããMaluså±æ°çš®ã®æ€ç©ãçšããŠè²æããå®ç矀ã®éè±å°éæš¹ã«çŸããã圢æ
åŠç圢質ãæ€èšããŠæ¥ã.ãã®ãããªè²çš®ã®ããã®çŽ æãšãªãçš®ã®ç³»çµ±é¢ä¿ãæããã«ããããã®ããäžã€ã®æåãªæ¹æ³ãšããŠçš®é亀éãå®æœããŠçžäºã®äº€é
芪åæ§ã調ã¹ããïŒéçš®å®çæ€ç©ã«çŸããã圢質ãšäž¡èŠªçš®ã®ãããšãæ¯èŒããããšãéèŠãšèãããã.ãã®å ŽåïŒéè±æã®ç°ãªãçš®çžäºéã®çµåãã«ãã亀ãèãããïŒãã®éã«è±ç²ã®é·æ貯èµãå¯èœã§ããã°äº€é
äœæ¥äžå¥œéœåã§ããã.ãããã®ææã¯åã«Maluså±å°æšã®åé¡ã®ã¿ãªããïŒãªã³ãŽã®è²çš®ãïŒæ œå¹å Žé¢ã§ã®çæã®ç¢ºä¿ãšããé¢ãããæå³ã®ããç¥èŠãæäŸããã§ããã.ãã®ãããªç®çã§ïŒãã§ã«ããã€ãã®æ€ç©è±ç²ãä¿åãã容åšå
ã«äžæŽ»æ§ã¬ã¹ãå
¥ããã,ç空ã«è¿ãæžå§ç¶æ
ã§åçµä¹Ÿç¥ãè¡ãªã£ãŠä¿åããã,äœæž©äžã«è²¯èµããæ¹æ³ãè©Šã¿ãããŠãããïŒãšãããäžå¹Žä»¥äžã«ããããé·æã®è²¯èµã®ããã«æ¶²äœçªçŽ çãçšããè¶
äœæž©(液äœçªçŽ :-196â)äžã®è²¯èµãæ€èšãããŠæ¥ã.äžæ¹ãããšã¯å¥ã«ææ©æº¶åªäžã«ãããè±ç²è²¯èµã®å¯èœæ§ã岩波ããæããã«ãã.ããã§ä»åã¯ïŒMalusã®éççš®ïŒæ œå¹çš®äž¡çš®ã®è±ç²ã«ã€ããŠïŒããã2ã€ã®è³ªçã«ç°ãªã貯èµæ³ãåç¬ãŸãã¯çµåããŠé©çšããããšãè©Šã¿ã
A Study on Environmental Education in Technology Education: The Development of Material in Cultivation Study
è¿å¹ŽïŒå°çæž©æåããªãŸã³å±€ã®ç Žå£ãªã©ã®ç°å¢ã«é¢ããåé¡ãæ·±å»åããŠããããããã®ã»ãšãã©ã¯ïŒäººéãåµåºãããæè¡ããã掟çãããã®ã§ããïŒæè¡ç§æè²ã«ãããŠãïŒç°å¢ã«ã€ããŠåŠç¿ããææãæ©æ¥ã«å¿
èŠãšãããŠãããæ¬ç 究ã§ã¯ïŒäžåŠæ ¡æè¡ã»å®¶åºç§ïŒæè¡åéïŒã®æ œå¹åŠç¿ã«ãããŠç°å¢æè²ã«é¢ããææãéçºããããšãç®çãšããŠããããŸãïŒææãšããŠéžå®ããã¹ãã©ãŠããçšããïŒçš®é¡ã®æ œå¹å®éšãè¡ãïŒãã®ææãšããŠã®æå¹æ§ãæ€èšããã次ã«ïŒããã§åŸãããç¥èŠãåºã«ããŠïŒæè¡ç§æè²ã®æ œå¹åŠç¿ã«ãããç°å¢æè²ã®åŠç¿éçšãæ§ç¯ãã
- âŠ