A Study of Depth Representation in Pictorial Art: the Psychology of Development as Basis for a Theory of Art Instruction

The main objective of the study is to propose a provisional plan for an improved teaching program aimed at the development and application of spatial relationships in the graphic arts. In the previous section, we have mentioned the role of past experience in building up the perceptual level. However, teaching requires that we make the best possible use of student\u27s existing level of experience, and build upon that in planning the optimum use of the present experience. By the proper use of the immediate learning situation, we may assist students to become more aware of and project their understanding of spatial relationships through a sequential program of study. For the problem in artistic activity is not simply to perceive depth, but to discover or invent means for its representation. If a student\u27s artistic activity has been meager, he may experience or realize for the first time, symbolic, pictorial forms embodying basic concepts of space on which he can build progressively richer coordinations of depth conventions. If the student\u27s artistic activity has been adequate or full, problems in composition involving rather elementary ideas of depth will serve as a recapitulation and reinforcement of already understood techniques. In such a case, his compositions are likely to show a more sophisticated control of the problems of depth and to develop aesthetic qualities and complexities as yet inaccessible to the more naive student. In either case, both past experience and present opportunity should interact to determine the precise nature of the accomplishment. Recognizing the pertinence of immediate experience to genuine learning and the development of perception, educational philosophy ought to seek every means to align teaching methods with a natural process of learning

How do the properties of a glass depend on the cooling rate? A computer simulation study of a Lennard-Jones system

Using molecular dynamics computer simulations we investigate how the glass transition and the properties of the resulting glass depend on the cooling rate with which the sample has been quenched. This is done by studying a two component Lennard-Jones system which is coupled to a heat bath whose temperature is decreased from a high temperature, where the system is a liquid, to zero temperature, where the system is a glass. The temperature $T_b$ of the heat bath is decreased linearly in time, i.e. $T_b=T_0-\gamma t$, where $\gamma$ is the cooling rate. In accordance with simple theoretical arguments and with experimental observations we find that the glass transition, as observed in the specific heat and the thermal expansion coefficient, becomes sharper when $\gamma$ is decreased. A decrease of the cooling rate also leads to a decrease of the glass transition temperature $T_g$ and we show that the dependence of $T_g$ on $\gamma$ can be rationalized by assuming that the temperature dependence of the relaxation times of the system is given by either a Vogel-Fulcher law or a power-law. By investigating the structural properties of the glass, such as the radial distribution functions, the coordination numbers and the angles between three neighbor-sharing particles, we show how the local order of the glass increases with decreasing cooling rate. The enthalpy and the density of the glass decrease and increase, respectively, with decreasing $\gamma$. By investigating the $\gamma$ dependence of clusters of nearest neighbors, we show how these observations can be understood from a microscopic point of view. We also show that the spectrum of the glass, as computed from the dynamical matrix, shows a shift towards higher frequencies when $\gamma$ is decreased. All these effects show that there is a significantComment: 20 pages of RevTex, Figures available upon request from W. Ko

Product Inspection Apparatus

We discuss a product inspection apparatus, comprising a drive motor configured to drive a conveyor and a metal detector for detecting a contaminated product at a first location on the conveyor an inverter configured to receive an AC power supply of less than 150V and control a rotation speed of the drive motor, and a reject mechanism control system configured to receive, from the metal detector, an indication that the contaminated product has been detected at the first location, receive, from the inverter, a pulse train output indicative of the rotation speed of the drive motor, and identify the contaminated product at a second location on the conveyor in dependence on the indication of the contaminated product and the pulse train output

CONVIS: A tool enabling uninterrupted operation during refurbishments of complex buildings

Clash Detection refers to the identification of geometrical overlaps within a Building Information Model (BIM). This paper seeks to extend the notion of overlapping to activities: Given a construction site within a building, we seek to find clashes between construction activities and occupant routines. Such a situation is often encountered in the context of refurbishments of complex buildings operating 24/7 (e.g. airports, train stations, hospitals, prisons). By finding the influence radii of adverse effects resulting from construction - i.e. dust, noise and vibrations, functions may be temporarily relocated in order to guarantee uninterrupted operation. Our tool CONVIS implements these simulation and scheduling aspects and seeks to provide a digital project plan for refurbishments in the said context

Is Working an Empowerment Tool for Women? Case Study Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia

Media baik di Indonesia maupun Malaysia seringkali menyajikan berita mengenai penganiayaan terhadap pekerja domestik Indonesia di Malaysia. Tulisan ini berupaya untuk melihat sejauh mana bekerja sebagai pekerja domestik dapat memberdayakan wanita Indonesia melalui perspektif feminisme. Studi ini menemukan bahwa bekerja sebagai pekerja domestik tidak sepenuhnya menuju pada pemberdayaan tapi juga tidak sepenuhnya mengarah pada eksploitasi. Hal ini ditunjukkan melalui pengalaman positif dan negatif yang dialami oleh para pekerja domestik. Studi ini menitikberatkan pada pencapaian yang diperoleh oleh perempuan yang bekerja di luar negeri tidak begitu saja diiringi oleh Perubahan pada norma-norma budaya, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan jender