Structuring Techlaw

Technological breakthroughs challenge core legal assumptions and generate regulatory debates. Practitioners and scholars usually tackle these questions by examining the impacts of a particular technology within conventional legal subjects — say, by considering how drones should be regulated under privacy law, property law, or the law of armed conflict. While individually useful, these siloed analyses mask the repetitive nature of the underlying questions and necessitate the regular reinvention of the regulatory wheel. An overarching framework — one which can be employed across technologies and across subjects — is needed.The fundamental challenge of tech-law is not how to best regulate novel technologies, but rather how to best address familiar forms of uncertainty in new contexts. Accordingly, we construct a three-part framework, designed to encourage a more thoughtful resolution of tech-law questions. It:(1) delineates the three types of tech-fostered legal uncertainty, which facilitates recognizing common issues;(2) requires a considered selection between permissive and precautionary approaches to technological regulation, given their differing distributive consequences; and(3) highlights tech-law-specific considerations when extending extant law, creating new law, or reassessing a legal regime.This structure emphasizes the possibility of considered and purposeful intervention in the iterative and co-constructive relationship between law and technology. By making it easier to learn from the rich history of prior dilemmas and to anticipate future issues, this framework enables policymakers, judges, and other legal actors to make more just and effective regulatory decisions going forward

Product Awareness and Physical Risk Perceptions of Consumers of Treated Lumber

This research examines risk, an important determinant of consumer decision-making, as a function of product awareness and physical risk perceptions. Specifically, this study addresses the risk from treated lumber products that professional and do-it-yourself retail customers perceive. In September 1985 a settlement agreement between the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the wood-preserving industry regarding the use and sale of wood-treating chemicals was signed. One aspect of this agreement involved the education of consumers as to the proper use, handling and disposal of the preservative-treated lumber products. Consumer Information Sheets, the backbone of the Consumer Awareness Program, were employed to disseminate these basic safety precautions. This study measures the effectiveness of the Consumer Awareness Program by evaluating consumer awareness of the Consumer Information Sheets and evaluates the knowledge, awareness, and physical risk perceptions that retail customers have regarding treated lumber products

Cyber-pharmacies and emerging concerns on marketing drugs Online

The booming e-commerce and a regulation-less environment online have led to the rise of a new generation of websites that market drugs and other products over the Internet. Some of these drugs are often herbal products or of dubious quality, often marketed with a mix of professional design and unverified/fraudulent claims. Several concerns have arisen from different corners and evidence of malpractice has emerged. But there is a lack of sufficient evidence confirming the concerns

Assessing the economic importance of commercial fisheries in the Mid-Atlantic region: a user\u27s guide to the Mid-Atlantic input/output model

The Mid-Atlantic input/output (I/O) model is designed to estimate the economic impacts associated with the harvesting of fish1 by commercial fishermen whose landings occur in a six-state region stretching from New York to North Carolina. These impacts are expressed in terms of employment (annual average jobs—both full and part-time jobs), labor income, and output (sales by U.S. businesses). In addition to generating estimates of economic impacts for the Mid-Atlantic region, the model estimates these impacts for 12 subregions within this region. The subregions are defined by counties within the six-state Mid-Atlantic region. Individual states have from one to three subregions. All subregions are contained within individual states; no subregion crosses state boundaries. Economic impacts are also estimated for 14 gear types. These gear-types account for all commercially landed fish in the Mid-Atlantic region

Telaah Normatif Terhadap Lisensi Program Komputer Menurut Undang-undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2002 Tentang Hak Cipta

The Computer program is a part of knowledge creation that needs law protection. The various forms and types of licence which is used on computer program in fact did not ensure that the creator and/or the owner of software or computer/program free from abuse or break on licence agreement. The Law Number 12/2002 on The Intellectual Property Right, in principle, assure the protection of computer program. There are various licence of computer program. The problem is how the Law of the Intellectual property rights regulate about computer program licence, whether the regulation can accomodate the intrest and/or law protecting to the licence owner. Every computer program have their own licence system. The law of intellectual property rights in Indonesia did not yet regulate limitatively about the licence of computer program like patent did. The abuse of licence computer program is thus potential

Groundwater Vulnerability to Hazardous Waste: A GIS-based Analysis of the St. Regis Paper Company Superfund Site

This body of research reviewed the first 36 years groundwater remediation at the St. Regis Paper Company Superfund Site. Thus far the remediation has not been effective at protecting human health and the environment. Available geologic cross sections of St. Regis Paper Company Superfund Site show the two gravel aquifers, but these investigations are non-conclusive about the constancy the clay confining layer. If the confining layer is discontinuous it could be affecting the groundwater flow as well as pollution spread between the aquifers. The existing 2016 groundwater model of the St. Regis Paper Company Superfund Site showed how the pump and treat extraction wells are capturing part but not all of the groundwater pollution. In 1985 when the St. Regis Site Superfund clean-up effort began, the pump and treat extraction wells near were planned where the disposal lagoons and landfills were located during the time of operation. A 2015 soil studies of the St. Regis Paper Company Superfund Site showed that the most polluted soil was not just in the former disposal lagoons and landfill areas. ESRI’s ArcGIS Hydrology Spatial Analyst Toolset was utilized to show the major stream drainage influents at the St. Regis Paper Company Superfund Site. This research found that the areas with most polluted soil unfortunately are located where water will gather and drain to due to the topography of the St. Regis Site. the non-remediated soil continues to contribute to the groundwater pollution as precipitation leads to the pollution in the soil to leach into the groundwater. These early assumptions about the locations of the contaminated areas have limited the site remediation ever since. This study recommends the EPA and the Potentially Responsible Parties engaged in remediation should consider other methods of groundwater and soil remediation at the St. Regis Site. Technology and remedial capabilities have improved greatly since 1984. There are many more options for remediation, including some that are much more affordable and effective than the pump and treat method