A Risk-Benefit Analysis of Home Birth and Holistic Hospital Interventions

Undergraduate Textual or Investigativ

Risk Benefit Analysis of Treatments for Cystic Acne

Acne is a prevalent skin disorder and is displayed through various different incidences. Cystic acne, a severe form of acne that is difficult to treat, reaches deep into the skin underneath the epidermis layer and produces painful, inflamed cysts that contain sebum, dead skin cells, and Propionobacterium acnes, the acne causing bacteria. Because this is an uncomfortable type of acne and is tough to treat, researchers have developed and tested a number of treatments to determine the best course of treatment for reducing and potentially eradicating cystic acne. These treatments are most commonly in the form of systemic or topical treatments, but other types of treatments are still considered as a possible course of action. According to this research, the most effective treatment that is currently available is isotretinoin, commonly known by the brand name Accutane. A short survey of medical professionals was conducted in order to determine what they most frequently prescribe when treating cystic acne and what the benefits and consequences of those treatments are. Their answers were compared to current research and determined that systemic Accutane is the most successful course of treatment for most patients with cystic acne due to the medications ability to reduce and potentially eradicate all cystic acne lesions

Prophylactic removal of third molars: a risk-benefit analysis

The treatment of impacted third molars that have neither symptoms nor disease is controversial. One school of thought is that these teeth should be extracted before they do become symptomatic and/or diseased. A second school of thought advocates retaining these teeth until such time when they show evidence of developing symptoms or disease. The purpose of this review is to present the reasoning behind the two opposing schools of thought. Studies involving both the risks and the benefits of extracting and retaining asymptomatic, disease-free third molars were examined. There are studies to support the proponents of each school of thought. Proponents of removal are of the belief that many asymptomatic and disease-free impacted third molars eventually do become symptomatic and/or diseased, and do so when the patient is older. The morbidity and incidence of complications common to the procedure increase with age, and therefore proponents of removal prefer that surgery be performed at a younger age when the complications are less likely to be as severe or permanent. Those in support of retaining and monitoring these teeth are of the opinion that the status of these asymptomatic and disease-free impacted third molars may never change and therefore never require surgical intervention. They believe the increased complication rate and morbidity experience by some of the older surgical patients do not justify the routine removal of all asymptomatic, disease-free impacted third molars at an early age. Both groups recognize that when surgical intervention is employed, complications such as pain, swelling, alveolar osteitis, periodontal problems, temporomandibular joint disorders, nerve involvement, sinus communication, and financial stress are not uncommon. Ultimately, the clinician must consider the information presented in this review, and combine it with his/her academic knowledge and personal clinical experience to inform the patient of the risks and benefits of both treatment options. That way, the clinician and the patient together can decide the strategy for management of an asymptomatic, disease-free third molar

The Schizophrenia of Risk-Benefit Analysis in Design Defect Litigation

To employ a well-worn, but nevertheless appropriate cliche, it is a genuine honor to participate in the Vanderbilt Law Review\u27s memorial to Dean John Wade. Wade stands tall as a leading figure of legal academe in the twentieth century. While I have profited from many illuminating hours with his scholarship, I regret that my association with him personally was limited to one lengthy luncheon meeting, still vivid, despite the passage of many years. I still recall his kindliness and gentility, his dry, but very real sense of humor, his humility and vigilance in avoiding taking himself too seriously, his thoughtfulness and deliberation in making judgments, his care and rigor in the process, but always accompanied by an overarching civility. When I discovered the epigraph above-in a tribute penned by Wade himself---it reflected the impression I had formed of this great man. He loved trouthe, honour, fredon, and curteisie. Worthy and wys, yet meeke as a mayde seem to capture exactly the right image. Dean John Wade was a verray, parfit gentil knyght

Safety, tolerability and risk benefit analysis of tiotropium in COPD

COPD is a chronic disease and, like many other chronic diseases, there is no treatment to reverse the severity of the disease except for lung transplant. To date, no inhaled medications have been shown to improve survival. Tiotropium bromide is a long-acting inhaled anticholinergic drug for the treatment of COPD that can improve lung function, reduce symptoms and exacerbations, and improve quality of life with once-daily dosing. It was initially approved and marketed in several countries in Europe in 2002 and then approved in the US in 2004. Tiotropium is generally well tolerated with dry mouth being the main adverse effect. Other adverse effects include constipation, tachycardia, blurred vision, urinary retention and increased intraocular pressure. Despite the recently raised concerns about an excess risk of cardiovascular adverse events with inhaled anticholinergic agents, the risk/benefit ratio of tiotropium appears still favorable given the favorable safety profile demonstrated in the UPLIFT study. However, caution should be advised in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease given the paucity of data in such patients

Strengthening Somalia’s Systems Smartly: A Country Systems Risk Benefit Analysis

Somalia’s donors are unambiguous: statebuilding is a key, if not the key, goal of their development assistance. This paper examines donors’ decision-making about the use of country systems (UCS), an internationally recognized tool for statebuilding, exploring both the perceived and actual risks and benefits associated with it. UCS refers to a variety of ways in which international partners can engage with national counterparts to deliver aid ranging from alignment with national priorities to direct implementation by government. While using country systems comes with risks, so do alternative delivery modalities. Considering the risks and benefits both of UCS and its alternatives side-by-side may help in achieving a mix of delivery modalities that better serves donors’ and government’s shared statebuilding objectives

A UNIFIED RISK-BENEFIT ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK FOR INVESTIGATING MOBILE PAYMENT ADOPTION

The paper proposes a unified risk-benefit analysis framework for investigating consumers’ adoption of mobile payment technology. Based on perceived risk theory and risk-benefit analysis literature, the proposed framework integrates three variables—perceived risk, perceived benefit and perceived value, to predict consumers’ intention to use mobile payment. All the proposed hypotheses are well supported based on an empirical validation of 336 useful survey samples. The results show that consumers consider both the beneficial and risky aspects of using mobile payment to evaluate the overall desirability (perceived value) of adoption decision. Further, perceived value, together with perceived risk and benefit directly affects consumers’ intention to adopt the technology. Financial risk is found to be the key resource of the risks of using mobile payment. Both theoretical and practical implications are discussed