Theoretical Aspects of Optimizing the Allocation of Public Financial Resources at Local Level

The allocation of financial resources at local, but also at central level, is an issue especially since in times of crisis, finding the optimum way to spend public funds concerns all authorities. This paper aims to identify the ways in which, by leaving from the division of powers based on the allocation of resources and tools available, the local authorities can identify an optimal level of public expenditure so as to achieve a maximum level of using them. Also, the paper seeks to identify the impact that the local public expenditure can have on the development of local gross domestic product as an expression of social welfare. Starting from the scientific acquisitions of Dick and Richard Armey, the "Armey Curve" was revised, thus identifying two components of the public sector: a central one and a local one. Following that, a chart relationship was established between the allocation of local public funds and the social welfare expressed by the local gross domestic product. By analyzing the shape of this chart, two econometric models have been developed: one regarding the impact of local resource allocation, and another one setting the optimal level of allocation of local public funds.public expenditure, local authorities, Armey, optimum, welfare

THE PENSION SYSTEM FOR FARMERS IN ROMANIA FACTS AND PERSPECTIVES

The implementation of performance-based budgeting as a fiscal policy goal involves, among others, raising predictability in terms of the size and spending manner of public financial resources, including farmers’ pensions. At the same time, social responsibility requires the government to pay more attention to the impact of operations undertaken economically, socially and environmentally. Amid these premises, this paper approaches the following: setting coordinates for the current pension system for farmers, highlighting the role of the government in managing and financing this system, assessing its viability by using a linear statistical model and extrapolations.pension, farmers, statistical modeling

WHAT INSTITUTIONS HAVE RESPONSABILITIES IN THE FIELD OF TAXATION IN ROMANIA?

In everyday language, to refer to a state institution dealing with the establishment, collection and tracking contributions to state tax authorities use the term tax authorities. Under this "dome" called FISC sits all public institutions, which în their activity, directly or indirectly perceive and seek public financial resources consist of taxes and contributions. Through this article, we try to find answer to the question of title, exceeding the fields created by Ministry of Public Finance and presenting public institutions under the jurisdiction of other ministries, but with the powers in tax matters.tax authorities, tax administration, responsibilities, taxpayers, state

Public Budgetary Policy Associated with the Requirements of the European Union Integration

In the complex process of accession to the European Union and the entry into the Euro Zone, Romania is bound to focus its efforts within finalizing the necessary reforms for fulfilling its commitments. Economic boost, low inflation, budget deficit remained within sustainable and stable exchange rates, all represent priorities and benchmarks of the European construction. In each state, budgetary policy is a result of the elaboration project of several categories of related budgets that make up a system. The budget system is variable depending on the organizational structure of each state: unitary type (France, England, Sweden etc.) and federal type (U.S., Canada, Switzerland, etc.). In Romania the need of resources at the level of society and their possibilities are reflected in the general consolidated budget. The law on Public Finances indicates that the management of public financial resources is carried out by a unified budget system.GPD, local budget, state budget, monetary policy, value added tax

Місце публічних грошових фондів у фінансово-правових відносинах

Досліджується поняття фінансових правовідносин, категорія «фінансова діяльність держави», поділ державних фінансів на децентралізовані й централізовані в процесі фінансової діяльності держави, поняття та особливості публічних грошових фондів.Исследуется понятие финансовых правоотношений, категория «финансовая деятельность государства», деление государственных финансов на децентрализованные и централизованные в процессе финансовой деятельности государства, понятия и особенности публичных финансовых ресурсов.The author examines in the article the concept of financial legal relationships, category «financial activity of the state», dividing of state finances on the decentralized and centralized finances in the process of financial activity, the states concepts and features of public financial resources

A DEA approach to the relative efficiency of portuguese public universities

We employ Data Envelopment Analysis, to estimate efficiency scores for Portuguese public universities. The input measures are constructed from the number of teachers and from universities' spending while the output measures are based on the undergraduate success rate and on the number of doctoral dissertations. Using frontier analysis we are able to separate universities that might qualify, as "performing well" from those where some improvement might be possible. This could imply a better allocation by the universities of the usually scarce public financial resources available to tertiary education by the universities

Students and Teachers: A DEA Approach to the Relative Efficiency of Portuguese Public Universities

We employ a non-parametric methodology, Data Envelopment Analysis, to estimate efficiency scores for Portuguese public universities, using data mainly for 2003. The input measures are constructed from the number of teachers and from universities' spending while the outputs measures are based on the undergraduate success rate and on the number of doctoral dissertations. Using frontier analysis we are able to separate universities that might qualify, as "performing well" from those were some improvement might be possible in terms of efficiency. This could imply a better allocation by the universities of the usually scarce public financial resources available to tertiary education

Are Preferences for Environmental Quality Sensitive to Financial Funding Schemes? Evidence from a Marine Restoration Programme in the Black Sea

This paper uses a non-market valuation study to elicit consumers’ preferences for a marine restoration programme in the Black Sea aiming to reduce the level of public health risk from bathing and improve water quality and the overall level of marine biodiversity. In this context, we administer a stated choice experiment in coastal settlements in Ukraine and Turkey and employ two tax revenue reallocation schemes as payment vehicles. One proposes the financing of the marine restoration programme by the reduction of the public budget for renewable energy and the second by the reduction of the public budget on training for civil servants. We examine the stated preferences and the subsequently derived economic value estimates in the two treatments with the aim to investigate whether the trade-off implied by the funding scheme has implications for the valuation outcome. Results reveal that preferences and marginal rates of substitution between the non-price attributes under consideration differ significantly. In the civil servants’ budget reallocation scheme, the reallocation coefficient is positive, implying that ceteris paribus redistribution of public financial resources from this source is utility-enhancing. The magnitude of the results differs in the two considered countries mirroring their heterogeneity in political and cultural dimensions.Non-Market Valuation; Stated Choice Experiment, Payment Vehicle, Tax Revenues Reallocation, Marine Resources, Black Sea, Marine Biodiversity, Developing Countries