Oil Spill Response Capacity in Nunavut and The Beaufort Sea

WWF-Canada commissioned a series of reports to identify barriers that will prevent northern communities from effectively responding to a shipbased oil spill. Parallel reports for the western Beaufort region and Nunavut outline these barriers. A third report provides a framework for developing realistic oil spill response plans for Nunavut communities. To effectively address the issues of oil spill response capacity in the North, engagement with communities is crucial to developing a framework that works within the Arctic context

Oil Spill Detection Analyzing “Sentinel 2“ Satellite Images: A Persian Gulf Case Study

Oil spills near exploitation areas and oil loading ports are often related to the ambitions of governments to get more oil market share and the negligence at the time of the loading in large tankers or ships. The present study investigates one oil spill event using multi sensor satellite images in the Al Khafji (between Kuwait and Saudi Arabia) zone. Oil slicks have been characterized with multi sensor satellite images over the Persian Gulf and then analyzed in order to detect and classify oil spills in this zone. In particular this paper discusses oil pollution detection in the Persian Gulf by using multi sensor satellite images data. Oil spill images have been selected by using Sentinel 2 images pinpointing oil spill zones. ENVI software for analysing satellite images and ADIOS (Automated Data Inquiry for Oil Spills) for oil weathering modelling have been used. The obtained results in Al Khafji zone show that the oil spill moves towards the coastline firstly increasing its surface and then decreasing it until reaching the coastline

Evaluating The Environmental Impacts of U.S. Historical Oil Spill Incidents

The adverse impacts of extremely large oil spill incidents such as Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill have been widely studied in recent years. Catastrophic oil spill disasters such as Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill have been widely studied. While vast smaller oil spills, which also could result in significant amount of oil release, still lack attention. This research assessed distributions and environmental impacts caused by historical oil spill incidents in U.S. We first analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of oil spills. Then the relationship between spillage amount and spill frequency is evaluated via statistical approaches. Last, based on a thorough literature review of environmental, ecological, and economic impacts of oil spill, we proposed a framework to estimate the impact of oil spill incidents

Characteristics of the Bohai Sea oil spill and its impacton the Bohai Sea ecosystem

In this paper, ENVISAT ASAR data and the Estuary, Coastal and Ocean Model was&nbsp; used to analyze and compare characteristics of the Bohai Sea oil spill. The oil&nbsp; slicks have spread from the point of the oil spill to the east and north-western&nbsp; Bohai Sea. We make a comparison between the changes caused by the oil spill on&nbsp; the chlorophyll concentration and the sea surface temperature using MODIS data,&nbsp; which can be used to analyze the effect of the oil spill on the Bohai Sea&nbsp; ecosystem. We found that the Bohai Sea oil spill caused abnormal chlorophyll&nbsp; concentration distributions and red tide nearby area of oil spill.</span

Oil spill preparedness in Sweden : prevention, planning, and response for large accidents

This dissertation has analysed the Swedish oil spill preparedness between 2010 and 2015 by examining management, prevention, planning and response, and compared it to international practices. The study is based on analysis of available data, surveys administered to the coastal County Administrative Boards and municipalities, and interviews with the national oil spill experts. Oil spills can cause significant acute damage to the environment. Sweden has a long coastline with intense shipping traffic. This suggests a high risk of a large oil spill occurring, but no oil spill over 1,200 tonnes has affected the Swedish territorial waters or Exclusive Economic Zone. The findings show that the Swedish Coast Guard, the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, the Oil Spill Depots, the Swedish Agency for Water and Marine Management, and the Oil Spill Advisory Service are central organisations to national oil spill preparedness. All relevant international conventions have been ratified and implemented, excepting the OPRC Convention requirement to have a National Contingency Plan for oil spills. Oil spill contingency plans exist in 79% of the coastal municipalities. However, only 60% of the coastal municipalities have conducted oil spill exercises within the last 5 years. Requirements to follow up evaluation recommendations were only present in 18% of the 11 real spill and exercises analysed. It is concluded, that in some respects, the structures of Swedish preparedness to handle the impact of a major oil spill somewhere on its coastline could prove to be inadequate. Despite this, Swedish oil spill preparedness is shown to be equivalent to most neighbouring countries. This dissertation establishes the strengths and weaknesses of the Swedish oil spill preparedness regime and calls for further development. The benefits of maintaining and improving the current level of preparedness far outweigh the effort, but will only be evident when a large oil spill occurs

More than Seals and Sea Otters: OPA Causation and Moratorium Damages

Following the 2010 BP/Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the Federal Government issued a drilling and permitting moratorium in the Gulf of Mexico that resulted in significant economic losses for many businesses that serve the oil and gas industry. The Oil Pollution Act should have covered these economic damages; however, the Eastern District of Louisiana held otherwise. This article details how the Oil Pollution Act should have been applied to those who suffered economic loss as a result of the oil spill following the six month moratorium in the Gulf

Use of Remote Sensing Data to Detect Environmental Degradation in the Oil Rich Region of Southern Nigeria between 2003 and 2015

The oil spill management system aims to achieve a knowledge- based system which can choose the most suitable method of response in shorter time by analyzing the various sensitivity factors of coastal environment, affecting parameters on oil spill movement, environmental concerns in oil spill response, and consequent monitoring and clean-up measurements. The major advantage of this integration is the ability to extract oil spill parameters such as location, linear size and spill areas. Spatial and temporal information, i.e. oil spill distribution at the sea, its frequency and evolution in time allow the scientists to establish the major cause and source of oil spills, and then outline the risk areas. This study has demonstrated the application of GIS and remote sensing as a decision support tool for oil spill management. Its objectives are to perform image classification and accuracy assessment, to perform post classification change detection for oil spill detection and to perform trend of change analysis for oil spill growth trend. Methodology involves planning stage, data requirements, data acquisition, data processing and results presentation. The results indicated that the annual growth rate of water bodies is decreasing at -0.16% from 2003 to 2015, settlements decreased at a rate of -1.16% from 2003 to 2015 while Mangrove and vegetation decreased significantly at the rate of -2.82% and -1.92% respectively from 2003 to 2015, this is by far the most significant decrease in the study area, as oil spill degrades farmland and plantations there by rendering it useless for economical purposes, the results also indicated that degraded environment increased at a rate of 3.39% from 2003 to 2015. It was further recommended amongst others that further studies should be on oil spill management in Gokana L.G.A as this will provide additional information on how to manage the effects of oil spill in Gokana L.G.A

Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Continued Effects On The Alaskan Economy

In this article, the Exxon Valdez oil spill of 1989 is examined to determine if Exxon fully compensated the Alaskans directly affected by the oil spill. The article reviews both the short term and long term ecological and economic effects of the oil spill. It also includes Exxon’s effort to clean up the spill and how much oil remains on the Alaskan beaches. In addition, the relevance of the Exxon Valdez oil spill to the BP oil spill of 2010 is revealed

An Accidental Oil Spill Along the Belgian Coast: Results from a CV Study

This paper offers an economic assessment of the loss of non-use values resulting from different oil spill scenarios along the Belgian Coast. Estimation results show that if no oil spill prevention policy action is undertaken, a significant welfare loss may result. As a matter of fact, contingent valuation estimation results show such a welfare loss ranges from 120 million Euro to 606 million Euro, depending on the size and the frequency of the oil spill under consideration. Therefore, any investment program targeted at the prevention of oil spills, and its damage on the marine environment, can be clearly defended from a cost-benefit perspective as long as its cost is no higher than 120 million Euro.Oil Spill, Prevention Scenario, Contingent Valuation, Cost Benefit Analysis

The Implicit Prices of Finfish and Shellfish Attributes and Retail Promotion Strategies: Hedonic Analysis of Weekly Scanner Data in the U.S.

Using AC Neilson retail scanner data on U.S. frozen finfish and shellfish sales from 2007-2010, hedonic models of each market estimated price discounts following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and as a result of promotional activities, and premiums and discounts for select products labeled “wild” and “imported”, respectively.Hedonic Analysis, Scanner Data, Finfish, Shellfish, Fisheries, Implicit Prices, Product Attributes, Promotion, Labeling, Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, Demand and Price Analysis,