Trade of Heilongjiang Province (China) with Russia

Local trade between the Far East region of the USSR and the Northeast region of the People’s Republic of China started in 1957, arranged by the public trade organizations in the respective borderlands. Heilongjiang Province of China has been the main actor in trade with the Far East region of the USSR, and more recently, Russia. After 1957, Heilongjiang Province’s trade with the Russian Far East developed rapidly until 1993, except a period of interruption (1967-1982). Thereafter, the Heilongjiang Province’s trade with the Russian Far East underwent a stagnation period (1994-1998), a recovery period (1999-2001), a rapid development period (2002-2007) and a period of change of tendencies and radical decrease (2008-2009). Heilongjiang Province’s trade with the Russian Far East consists of three main forms: general trade, Chinese-style border trade (Bianjing Trade which includes Bianjing Small Trade and trade between private persons (Hushi Trade)) and Travel Trade. The rapid increase of Heilongjiang Province’s trade with the Russian Far East from 2002 to 2007 is mainly attributable to the increase in the export of ordinary consumer goods, especially textile clothing and footwear, and to Bianjing Small Trade.China, Russia, International trade, Local government, H-R Trade, Bianjing Small Trade, Trade between private persons, Travel Trade, Hushi Trade

The Development Strategy of Ice and Snow Tourism in Heilongjiang

Heilongjiang Province has abundant resources for ice and snow tourism which has a time-honored history and its development scale is relatively large. But the ice and snow tourism in other regions at home and abroad is also developing rapidly, Ice and Snow Tourism in Heilongjiang faces significant challenges. Therefore, how to develop ice and snow tourism in Heilongjiang better and faster has become a hot topic for the government, people in the tourism industry, specialists and scholars in Heilongjiang Province. First, they analyzed the current situation of ice and snow tourism in Heilongjiang deeply, based on which they looked for the developing potential of ice and snow tourism in Heilongjiang, and then they used the SWOT analytical method to propose corresponding developing strategies and solutions by analyzing the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of ice and snow tourism in Heilongjiang Province

Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus in Heilongjiang Province, China, 2014

During March 25–May 5, 2014, we investigated 11 outbreaks of peste des petits ruminants in Heilongjiang Province, China. We found that the most likely source of the outbreaks was animals from livestock markets in Shandong. Peste des petits ruminants viruses belonging to lineages II and IV were detected in sick animals

Millet agriculture dispersed from Northeast China to the Russian Far East: integrating archaeology, genetics, and linguistics

Broomcorn and foxtail millets were being cultivated in the West Liao River basin in Northeast China by at least the sixth millennium BCE. However, when and how millet agriculture spread from there to the north and east remains poorly understood. Here, we trace the dispersal of millet agriculture from Northeast China to the Russian Far East and weigh demic against cultural diffusion as mechanisms for that dispersal. We compare two routes for the spread of millet into the Russian Far East discussed in previous research—an inland route across Manchuria, and a coastal/inland route initially following the Liaodong Peninsula and Yalu River—using an archaeological dataset including millet remains, pottery, stone tools, spindle whorls, jade and figurines. We then integrate the archaeological evidence with linguistic and genetic findings in an approach we term ‘triangulation’. We conclude that an expansion of agricultural societies in Northeast China during the Middle to Late Hongshan (4000–3000 BCE) coincided with the arrival of millet cultivation in eastern Heilongjiang and the Primorye province of the Russian Far East. Our findings support the inland, Manchuria route for the dispersal of millet to the Primorye and suggest that, as well as long-distance cultural exchange, demic diffusion was also involved. Our results are broadly compatible with the farming/language dispersal hypothesis and consistent with a link between the spread of millet farming and proto-Tungusic, the language ancestral to the contemporary Tungusic languages, in late Neolithic Northeast Asia. © 2020 The Author

ABOUT HEILONGJIANG INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

Heilongjiang International University(HIU) was first established in 1993 as Harbin Star Foreign Language College, the first institute in Heilongjiang to develop Sino-foreign co-operation in education. Since April 2011, it has been known as Heilongjiang International University, the leading private university in the province of Heilongjiang, which is a university passionate about languages and international studies. HIU has 10 faculties and schools and 30 bachelor degree programmes, covering the filed of foreign languages, international business, accounting and finance, hospitality management, art and design and computing science etc. There are 10180 full-time students and over 600 teachers at HIU. With celebrating 27 years of teaching excellence, we have taught over 20,000 students inspired 5,000 students to study abroad. The latest student’s satisfaction rates were 90%, well above the national average, and our employable rate was a 93%. We are proud to be ranked 26th and a five-star university in the national private universities table. HIU is a friendly and welcoming university with a diverse mix of nationalities from all over theworld. We have a strong emphasis on delivering education with an international perspective. We have much to offer our international students with an excellent choice of courses available for students in a variety of languages and flexible durations. In the last two years, over 1000 students have gone abroad to study or work in internships with one of HIU’s 104 partners in 32 countries. HIU is a recognized language testing centre for a number of foreign language examinations such as Cambridge English MSE, TestDaf, DELE, CELI, Russian language test etc. We are also a proud of member of international alliances and networks, such as Network of International Business Schools, Association of Asian Universities etc. HIU also has collaboration with University Quisqueya in Haiti to co-build the Confucius classrooms ,which supports with Chinese language and culture teaching

A pathway analysis of genome-wide association study highlights novel type 2 diabetes risk pathways.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been widely used to identify common type 2 diabetes (T2D) variants. However, the known variants just explain less than 20% of the overall estimated genetic contribution to T2D. Pathway-based methods have been applied into T2D GWAS datasets to investigate the biological mechanisms and reported some novel T2D risk pathways. However, few pathways were shared in these studies. Here, we performed a pathway analysis using the summary results from a large-scale meta-analysis of T2D GWAS to investigate more genetic signals in T2D. Here, we selected PLNK and VEGAS to perform the gene-based test and WebGestalt to perform the pathway-based test. We identified 8 shared KEGG pathways after correction for multiple tests in both methods. We confirm previous findings, and highlight some new T2D risk pathways. We believe that our results may be helpful to study the genetic mechanisms of T2D

A Comparison of Reform-Era Labor Force Participation Rates of China’s Ethnic Minorities and Han Majority

Previous research suggests that minorities are not faring well in China’s transition—both income and occupational attainment gaps are widening. We are particularly interested in whether the differences in majority and minority economic outcomes are the result of ethnicity per se, or whether they are artifacts of local economic conditions. In this paper, we employ data from the three most recent population censuses of China to explore differences in the labor force participation rates of a number of China’s important ethnic groups. We estimate urban labor force participation rates using probit regressions controlling for sex, marital status, educational attainment, age, ethnicity, and location. We also account for the geographic concentration of particular ethnic minorities and compare the participation rates of different ethnic groups within geographic regions that represent the areas of principal residence for each minority. We concentrate on seven important minority groups: Hui, Koreans, Manchu, Mongolians, Uygurs, Yi and Zhuang. We find that location has limited explanatory power in explaining differences in the probability of labor force participation between these important Chinese ethnic minorities and the majority Han.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/40181/3/wp795.pd