Explosives and Incendiaries Used in Terrorist Attacks on Public Surface Transportation: A Preliminary Empirical Analysis, MTI Report WP 09-02

This report provides data on terrorist attacks against public surface transportation targets and serious crimes committed against such targets throughout the world. The data are drawn from the MTI database of attacks on public surface transportation, which is expanded and updated as information becomes available. This analysis is based on the database as of February 20, 2010. Data include the frequency and lethality with which trains, buses, and road and highway targets are attacked; the relationship between fatalities and attacks against those targets; and the relationship between injuries and attacks against them. The report presents some preliminary observations drawn from the data that can help stakeholder governments, transit managers, and employee to focus on the ways the most frequent and/or most lethal attacks are carried out as they consider measures to prevent or mitigate attacks that may be considered likely to happen in the United State

Elements of IPM for Dairy Cattle in New York State

NYS IPM Type: Livestock IPM ElementsThis is a checklist of items to help you develop or analyze whether you use IPM for flies in your dairy operation. If the IPM practice listed below is used across the farm then check it off and give yourself the all the points. If not, no points should be awarded. To be considered an IPM farm you must have 80% of the points accumulated

Estimated Costs for Production, Storage, and Transportation of Switchgrass

Costs of production for switchgrass vary depending upon yields.� For 4 ton yield estimated production costs are $82.23 per ton.� Storage and transportation� add another$31.42 per ton.

Air pollution monitoring system in semi enclosed building for agricultural sector

This paper describes the development of an optical sensor system to monitor ammonia emission in the agricultural sector. At initial stage, an open path optical technique where a cylindrical chamber is used to detect low ammonia concentration within the Ultraviolet region. The methodology describing the operation of the sensor with wavelengths combination technique to optimize the measurement is presented. The results show the sensor is best measuring ammonia concentration at combination wavelengths (around 212 nm) with the Lower Detection Limit of 2.25 ppm and 1 s response time is achieved. Then the system is tested to monitor ammonia pollution in the cattle barn in Tipperary, Ireland. It shows that the developed system is able to detect and measure very low ammonia concentration which is less than 2 ppm

Terrorist Attacks On Public Bus Transportation: A Preliminary Empirical Analysis, MTI Report WP 09-01

This report provides data on terrorist attacks against public bus transportation targets and serious crimes committed against such targets throughout the world. The data are drawn from the MTI database of attacks on public surface transportation, which is expanded and updated as information becomes available. This analysis is based on the database as of December 17, 2009. Data include the frequency and lethality with which buses, bus stations, and bus stops are attacked; the relationship between fatalities and attacks against bus targets and the relationship between injuries and attacks against those targets; how often, relative to other surface transportation targets, buses are attacked, first with all weapons and then with only explosive and incendiary devices; the relative lethality of attacks; and the distribution of attacks. It then presents some preliminary observations drawn from those data that can help stakeholders governments, transit managers, and employees to focus on the ways the most frequent and/or most lethal attacks are carried out as they consider measures to prevent or mitigate attacks that may be considered likely to happen in the United States

Cellulosic Biofuels: Are They Economically Viable and Environmentally Sustainable?

Miscanthus, Corn Stover, Switchgrass, Cost of Production, Greenhouse Gas Intensity, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy, Q01, Q54, Q55,

Off to school: a comparative study of schools in the U. S.

This study compares the physical structure of two schools of differing socioeconomic backgrounds: one is a private day school servicing the children of some of the most affluent families in one of the biggest urban cities in the southwest; the other is a technical or vocational high school with the majority of the students living in “economically disadvantaged” homes. The research has been carried out with traditional qualitative methods, as well as with the aid of photography. The juxtaposition of photographs of the built environment of the two schools creates a concrete visual manifestation of the differences in the daily experience of the students who attend the schools. The visible differences lead to the emergence of research questions such as whether the experiences are different for the students in the two locations and, if so, in what way, as well as the question as to why both of the locations are termed “schools” when they are evidently so vastly different. The photographs give the viewer the impression that the educational experiences of the students attending the vocational school are detrimental to their development of autonomy and a sense of identity and self, while the private day school provides an environment much more conducive to the fostering and development of both autonomy and a sense of identity and self. The research is important because it indicates how the educational experience of the students might have implications for future mobility within the existing hierarchical social structure, thus making an important contribution to social pedagogy. (DIPF/Orig.

Effect of Prefarrowing and Lactation Feeding Management on Sow and Pig Performance

In several previous experiments conducted by the authors, we have found that pigs housed in open-front buildings with access to an outside concrete feeding floor gained faster than pigs in an enclosed confinement building. The reasons for this difference are associated with increased feed consumption, but the causes of increased feed intake are not clear. The experiment reported herein was conducted to obtain information on the effect of increasing pen space during the finishing period and also the effect of movement of pigs from inside to outside type housing with additional pen space during the finishing period

The Impact of Wind Loads on Curtain Wall Design

Building facade is a major aesthetical feature of a particular building as it sets the theme for the rest of the building. It introduces visitors and passersby to the identity of the building and its characteristics distinguish one building from another. One of the most common features of building facade is curtain wall. It carries its own dead load and transfers the live loads that act upon it. A great knowledge and understanding regarding forces and pressures which the curtain wall is subjected to, may require a major attention when it comes to the design of curtain wall. The primary concern is the dynamic or live loads that induce movement in the curtain wall structure. Comprehensive analysis of wind pressure acting upon a curtain wall seldom has been practice in Malaysia. Generally, curtain wall design is under the concern of architect whereby the wind pressure distribution acting on curtain wall is not well-predicted. The design is more likely to be carried out based on a uniform wind pressure. On the other hand, the assessment of curtain wall design shall be zoned based on the actual design of known wind codes and standards, which is under the expertise of engineers. This paper reviews and analyzes the impact of wind loads in designing a curtain wall. In addition, it demonstrates an appropriate way in designing the wall glazing with respect to the pressure distribution acting upon the curtain wall. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) 7-05 provides guidance in designing wind loads for overall stability of a building, which encompasses the design for Main Wind Force Resisting System (MWFRS) and Components and Cladding (C & Q. Curtain wall is considered as a cladding system and hence, the analysis of wind loads acting on it shall be done based on C&C procedures. This paper distinguishes between two (2) approaches of curtain wall design, namely: the proposed method based on the ASCE 7-05 versus the "traditional" method based on the current consultancy practices in Malaysia. Subsequently, the cost impact of both approaches had been analyzed by implementing Parametric Cost Estimate Method

Effect of Type of Confinement Housing on Performance of Growing-Finishing Swine

The experiment reported herein was conducted to determine if the length of time pigs were in an enclosed confinement building affected growth rate