Causes, Effects, and Remedies in Conflict Management

While workplace conflicts have been widely studied in the literature, this researchprovides a holistic view of the causes and effects of such, and how managers or amanagement can resolve the conflicts among their teams and organization througha detailed, multidimensional framework carried out on one of the biggest textilefirms of Pakistan. With an initial sample of 145 respondents, 37 questionnaireswere dropped because of invalid and incomplete answers; therefore, the studywas carried out on 108 respondents. Conflicts are a part of human nature, butmanagement should play an important role in dealing with these issues, as therecan be enormous chances of conflicts due to a diverse workforce. Conflict alsoresults in poor work performance and low productivity; therefore, it’s suggestedto create teams or groups which may encourage a competitive culture in theorganization. Additionally, a few remedies are identified, which may resolve someissues; managers must look at those techniques for a better culture.&nbsp

Causes and Explanations: A Structural-Model Approach, Part I: Causes

We propose a new definition of actual cause, using structural equations to model counterfactuals. We show that the definition yields a plausible and elegant account of causation that handles well examples which have caused problems for other definitions and resolves major difficulties in the traditional account.Comment: Part II of the paper (on Explanation) is also on the arxiv. Previously the two parts were submitted as one paper. To appear in the British Journal for the Philosophy of Scienc

Causes of wrongful conviction

No abstract available

Causes of Wage Stagnation

Research from the Economic Policy Institute points to potential causes of wage stagnation and the resulting economic inequality. This dismal wage growth is the result of intentional policy choices made on behalf of those with the most income,wealth, and political power. As explained below, these choices fall into five broad categories: the abandonment of fullemployment as a main objective of economic policymaking, declining union density, various labor market policies andbusiness practices, policies that have allowed CEOs and finance executives to capture ever larger shares of economicgrowth, and globalization policies. Collectively, these policy decisions have shifted economic power away from low- andmiddle-wage workers and toward corporate owners and managers

Pluralism without Genic Causes?

Since the fundamental challenge that I laid at the doorstep of the pluralists was to defend, with nonderivative models, a strong notion of genic cause, it is fatal that Waters has failed to meet that challenge. Waters agrees with me that there is only a single cause operating in these models, but he argues for a notion of causal ‘parsing’ to sustain the viability of some form of pluralism. Waters and his colleagues have some very interesting and important ideas about the sciences, involving pluralism and parsing or partitioning causes, but they are ideas in search of an example. He thinks he has found an example in the case of hierarchical and genic selection. I think he has not

AGN Feedback Causes Downsizing

We study the impact of outflows driven by active galactic nuclei (AGN) on galaxy formation. Outflows move into the surrounding intergalactic medium (IGM) and heat it sufficiently to prevent it from condensing onto galaxies. In the dense, high-redshift IGM, such feedback requires highly energetic outflows, driven by a large AGN. However, in the more tenuous low-redshift IGM, equivalently strong feedback can be achieved by less energetic winds (and thus smaller galaxies). Using a simple analytic model, we show that this leads to the anti-hierarchical quenching of star-formation in large galaxies, consistent with current observations. At redshifts prior to the formation of large AGN, galaxy formation is hierarchical and follows the growth of dark-matter halos. The transition between the two regimes lies at the z ~ 2 peak of AGN activity.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, ApJL in pres

About Norms and Causes

Knowing the norms of a domain is crucial, but there exist no repository of norms. We propose a method to extract them from texts: texts generally do not describe a norm, but rather how a state-of-affairs differs from it. Answers concerning the cause of the state-of-affairs described often reveal the implicit norm. We apply this idea to the domain of driving, and validate it by designing algorithms that identify, in a text, the "basic" norms to which it refers implicitly