1,100 research outputs found
Bullying in Georgia Schools: Demographic Profiles and Psychosocial Correlates of Students Who Would Intervene in a Bullying Situation
While researchers have assessed the prevalence and health impact of bullying, there are still relatively few successful interventions and strategies implemented to reduce and prevent bullying. A particular promising area is to know more about students who may be willing to intervene in a bullying situation, which is the focus of this thesis. Using the data from the Georgia Student Health Survey II (GSHS 2006) (n=175,311) an empirical analyses of students who state that they are willing to intervene in a bullying situation, their demographic characteristics and psychosocial attributes will be examined. The survey administered to students across Georgia in grades 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th measured the number of students who reported being a bully-victim, bully or a victim of bullying, and their likelihood to engage in risky behaviors.
The results demonstrated students who were white and were girls were most likely to intervene in bullying situations. Grade level was not significant when it involved intervening, but was an important marker for the co-occurrence of bully-victims. One compelling finding is that the bully subgroup was most likely to always intervene. School climate factors such as success in school, clear expectations and liking school were significant indicators of willingness to intervene.
These findings assist researchers and schools to better understand the characteristics of students who are willing to intervene and school factors that may promote students likelihood of intervening. These findings may guide how bullying is addressed in Georgia schools, and underscore the importance of providing safe school climates
TOWARDS AN IMPROVED APPLICATION OF EUROPEAN UNION LAW IN LITHUANIA: THE EXAMPLES OF COMPETITION LAW AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW
Although both the Lithuanian authorities and Lithuanian courts had already
started to apply EC law well before accession, the quality of application of EC law and
the frequency of its use have only improved within the last two years. Nevertheless, there
is still room and need for improvement in this area before proper application of EC law
in all sectors is achieved. This article analyses some cases decided by the Lithuanian
authorities and the highest Lithuanian courts for both administrative and general
jurisdiction, mainly in the fields of competition law and intellectual property law.
Summarising the application of EC law by the Lithuanian Supreme Court in the area of
civil jurisdiction, particularly intellectual property rights, on the one hand, and the
Lithuanian Supreme Administrative Court and the Lithuanian Competition Council, with
a special focus on competition law, on the other, the authors contend that the application
of EC law in the areas under consideration is far from ideal. In most cases, courts have
not yet developed a general view of Community law as a sui generis system of law. There
are still difficulties in distinguishing between EC law and ordinary international law.
Instead of referring to the specific nature of EC law, which is accepted in both
constitutional jurisprudence and national legislation, courts treat EC law as something
analogous to international law. The principles set forth by the ECJ concerning the
‘ideal’ application of Community law by the national judiciary have apparently not yet
been fully comprehended by Lithuania’s courts. While they seem to have learned that
supremacy must be given to EC law, in most cases they are unable to consistently
incorporate reasoning based on such supremacy into their judgments. However, when
these two ‘pioneer’ fields of EC law application are analysed, it is obvious that changes
are gradually occurring. The first examples of application by both supreme courts were
very poor ones, lacking a systematic approach to application and insufficient in both
quality and quantity. The development of case law in trademark disputes permits a more
positive evaluation, while in the area of competition law EC law has begun to be applied
much more purposefully. ECJ case law is being referred to, and arguments by the parties
based on EC law are given due consideration. Still, these two areas represent the most
well-developed ones, while similar progress has not yet been seen in other fields of EC
law. Hopefully, satisfactory practice in the fields considered here will spill over into a
more general awareness of EC law and, accordingly, its proper application. Since ‘the
will’ to apply EC law seems to exist on the part of national courts and institutions, ‘the
way’ to apply it correctly must also be found. For the moment, the way is time, training
and practice
Communication Barriers: Are You One of Them?
Problem: Many hospital administrators and clinicians are not aware there are laws and regulations that support the provision of language access service, both for people who are deaf or hard of hearing and those with limited English proficiency (Wilson-Stronks, 2010, p. 14). It is estimated that about 20 million people (one in 15) in the United States speak and understand little or no English (U.S. News & World Report, 2007, ~4).The language inconsistency within the healthcare system is hindering the care given to these clients. According to Jay Feldstein, corporate chief medical officer for the Ameri1Health Mercy Family of Companies, Low health literacy is a problem that leads to poor medical outcomes for millions of Americans and costs the healthcare industry an estimated $60 billion a year (AmeriHealth Mercy Family of Companies, 2009, ~1). In some cases, the occupational therapists themselves are barriers by not taking the necessary steps to gain a better understanding of who the client is and accommodating to individualized communication needs.
Methods: An extensive literature review on the population affected by communication barriers within the healthcare system was conducted. The literature revealed the need for more effective methods of communicating in order for healthcare professionals to provide more efficient care for their clients. As the literature review progressed, it became apparent that because there were so many forms of communication barriers not all of them would be included within the realm of this project. The authors decided to address the areas of health literacy, language, visual, auditory, and cognitive barriers.
Conclusions: The purpose of the scholarly project and resulting article, Communication Barriers -Are You One of Them?, was to increase occupational therapists\u27 awareness of the impact of communication barriers within the healthcare system and provide them with strategies and resources to overcome these barriers. The article is written for the adult learner utilizing Malcolm Knowles\u27 Adult Learning Theory of Andragogy. It is hoped that this article contributes to improving the effectiveness of the healthcare professional\u27s communication methods to provide a higher quality of care for each client. There are many communication barriers within the healthcare system that need to be addressed. Occupational therapists have the skills necessary to address and overcome these barriers; however, additional awareness and knowledge of available resources will enhance their ability to utilize these skills. Communication Barriers - Are You One of Them? is a tool that occupational therapists can use to increase their awareness of communication barriers and broaden their knowledge base on how to overcome them with the resources provided
On diffeologies from infinite dimensional geometry to PDE constrained optimization
We review how diffeologies complete the settings classically used from
infinite dimensional geometry to partial differential equations, based on
classical settings of functional analysis and with classical mapping spaces as
key examples. As the classical examples of function spaces, we deal with
manifolds of mappings in Sobolev classes (and describe the ILB setting), jet
spaces and spaces of triangulations, that are key frameworks for the two fields
of applications of diffeologies that we choose to highlight: evolution
equations and integrable systems, and optimization problems constrained by
partial differential equations
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