Remarks on global controllability for the shallow-water system with two control forces

In this paper we deal with the compressible Navier-Stokes equations with a friction term in one dimension on an interval. We study the exact controllability properties of this equation with general initial condition when the boundary control is acting at both endpoints of the interval. Inspired by the work of Guerrero and Imanuvilov in \cite{GI} on the viscous Burger equation, we prove by choosing irrotational data and using the notion of effective velocity developed in \cite{cpde,cras} that the exact global controllability result does not hold for any time $T$

Contribution au pronostic de défaut dans les systèmes complexes par les techniques intelligentes

Nous avons présenté une nouvelle approche basée sur l'utilisation d'une méthode guidée par les données pour le pronostic des défauts. Cette méthode requiert des données décrivant le processus de dégradation. Lorsque les données sont insuffisantes, la prédiction des états devient difficile avec les modèles profonds de type mémoire à long terme (LSTM), qui nécessitent une quantité importante de données d'apprentissage. Pour résoudre ce problème de rareté des données dans la prédiction de la durée de vie restante (RUL), nous proposons d'adopter une stratégie d'augmentation des données. Les résultats obtenus sont démontrent que l'application d'une stratégie d'augmentation des données, peut améliorer les performances de prédiction de la RUL en utilisant les techniques LSTM. Nous avons validé cette approche en utilisant les données de la NASA Commercial Modular Aero-Propulsion System Simulation (C-MAPPS)

Diagnosis of rotor fault using neuro-fuzzy inference system

The three-phase induction machines (IM) is large importance and are being widely used as electromechanical system device regarding for their robustness, reliability, and simple design with well developed technologies. This work presents a reliable method for diagnosis and detection of rotor broken bars faults in induction machine. The detection faults are based on monitoring of the current signal. Also the calculation of the value of relative energy for each level of signal decomposition using package wavelet, which will be useful as data input of adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). In this method, fuzzy logic is used to make decisions about the machine state. The adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy inference system is able to identify the IM bearing state with high precision. This technique is applied under the MATLAB®.Keywords: Induction Machine; Diagnosis; Detection; Neuro-Fuzzy inference system

Effect of IL-1β and IL-1RN polymorphisms in carcinogenesis of the gastric mucosa in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori in Algeria

Background: Infection with Helicobacter pylori is considered a potential risk of developing gastric cancer in association with contributing host genetic factor. IL-1β and IL-1RN polymorphisms appear to maintain and promote Helicobacter pylori infection and to stimulate neoplastic growth of the gastric mucosa.Objective and methods: In order to elucidate the effect of these polymorphisms in combination with gastric cancer in a population from northwestern Algeria, a case-control study was carried out on 79 patients infected with H. pylori with chronic atrophic gastritis and/or gastric carcinoma, and 32 subjects were recruited as casecontrol. IL-1β-31 bi-allelic and IL-1β-511 bi-allelic polymorphisms and IL 1RN penta-allelic were genotyped.Results: IL-1β-31C was associated with an increased risk of developing gastric carcinoma (OR4.614 [1.4314.81], p = 0.01). However, IL-1RN2 heterozygous allele type was significantly associated with chronic atrophic gastritis (OR4.2 [1.233.61], p = 0.022). IL-1β-511T was associated with an increased risk of development of chronic atrophic gastritis (OR4.286 [1.5411.89], p = 0.005).Conclusion: IL-1β and IL-1RN polymorphisms associated with H. pylori infectioncontribute to the development of chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinomas in an Algerian population. The alleles IL-1β-31C and IL-1RN were associated with an increased risk of developing gastric carcinoma, and IL-1β-511T with an increased risk of developing chronic atrophic gastritis with no significant association of developing gastric carcinoma.Keywords: gastric mucosa; Helicobacter pylori; IL-1β; IL-1R

Epidemiological Approach and Precocious Diagnosis of Precancerous Cervical Lesion in Sidi Bel Abbes Region (North-West of Algeria)

Object: Cervical cancer of the uterine (CCU) is the first cancer of the genital tract. In Algeria, this cancer remains a real public health problem. The diagnosis is still done often with advanced stages which makes the therapeutic results modest and the cost of the high care. Methodology: Our study aims to elucidate the reality of this type of pathology in the region of Sidi Bel Abbes, northwestern Algeria. This retrospective and descriptive study was devoted to the epidemiological and clinical analysis of cervical cancer cases over a period of 3 years. Results: This study shows that out of a total of 500 smears recorded between (2014-2016) at the Ana-pathology laboratory level in Sidi Bel Abbes, we found that 230 smears presented precancerous lesions according to a cytological study, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US: were 18%; low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) were 20%, while high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) were 8%. The results obtained according to the distribution of the patients in relation to the various factors: the most affected age group is late 46-55 years with a total of 40%; precocious age of 1st report 18-20 years is (38.2%); gestation 4-5 pregnancies and parities 4-5 children with a rate of (38.70% and 32.6%) respectively ; the hormonal state in genital activity is estimated at 62.2%; patients on oral contraception (OC) have a rate of 48.9%. Finally, more than half of the patients (57.8%), were able to have a biopsy within three to four months of the last smear. In histology, the presence of a HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) low grade lesion does not predict the evolution of this lesion. Conclusion: HPV can be oncogenic or non-oncogenic. it is the oncogenic HPV infection that is the main risk factor for developing a high grade lesion  and cervical cancers outside the associated cofactors. Keywords: Pap Smear, Precancerous lesion, Cancer, Cervix, Screenin

Consumer education can lead to behaviour change

Changes not only at macro level but also at micro level are required to create more sustainable and efficient essential services in Africa. From this perspective, how can we promote change in consumer behaviour when we know that it is difficult to transform habits and beliefs that are rooted in everyday life? A set of four articles has been chosen to describe in detail consumer education strategies put in place to create awareness and changes in consumer and citizen behavior. A comparative and analytical approach helps understand how: i) the diffusion of off-grid solar energy in rural areas is facilitated by a few key principles of consumer education strategy; ii) social network have become a civic mobilization channel for cleaning up garbage in public spaces; iii) the future of drinking water is transformed by journeys of citizen mobilization