20 research outputs found
Valuing nature’s contributions to people: the IPBES approach
Nature is perceived and valued in starkly different and often conflicting ways. This paper presents the rationale for the inclusive valuation of nature’s contributions to people (NCP) in decision making, as well as broad methodological steps for doing so. While developed within the context of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), this approach is more widely applicable to initiatives at the knowledge–policy interface, which require a pluralistic approach to recognizing the diversity of values. We argue that transformative practices aiming at sustainable futures would benefit from embracing such diversity, which require recognizing and addressing power relationships across stakeholder groups that hold different values on human nature-relations and NCP
The Influence of Number and Timing of Pregnancies on Breast Cancer Risk for Women With BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutations
Background: Full-term pregnancy (FTP) is associated with a reduced breast cancer (BC) risk over time, but women are at
increased BC risk in the immediate years following an FTP. No large prospective studies, however, have examined whether
the number and timing of pregnancies are associated with BC risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers.
Methods: Using weighted and time-varying Cox proportional hazards models, we investigated whether reproductive events
are associated with BC risk for mutation carriers using a retrospective cohort (5707 BRCA1 and 3525 BRCA2 mutation carriers)
and a prospective cohort (2276 BRCA1 and 1610 BRCA2 mutation carriers), separately for each cohort and the combined prospective and retrospective cohort.
Results: For BRCA1 mutation carriers, there was no overall association with parity compared with nulliparity (combined
hazard ratio [HRc] ¼ 0.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] ¼ 0.83 to 1.18). Relative to being uniparous, an increased number of FTPs was associated with decreased BC risk (HRc¼ 0.79, 95% CI ¼ 0.69 to 0.91; HRc¼ 0.70, 95% CI ¼ 0.59 to 0.82; HRc¼ 0.50, 95%
CI ¼ 0.40 to 0.63, for 2, 3, and 4 FTPs, respectively, Ptrend < .0001) and increasing duration of breastfeeding was associated
with decreased BC risk (combined cohort Ptrend ¼ .0003). Relative to being nulliparous, uniparous BRCA1 mutation carriers
were at increased BC risk in the prospective analysis (prospective hazard ration [HRp] ¼ 1.69, 95% CI ¼ 1.09 to 2.62). For BRCA2
mutation carriers, being parous was associated with a 30% increase in BC risk (HRc ¼ 1.33, 95% CI ¼ 1.05 to 1.69), and there
was no apparent decrease in risk associated with multiparity except for having at least 4 FTPs vs. 1 FTP (HRc¼ 0.72, 95%
CI ¼ 0.54 to 0.98).
Conclusions: These findings suggest differential associations with parity between BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with
higher risk for uniparous BRCA1 carriers and parous BRCA2 carriers
Mediated Modeling : A System Dymanics Approach to Environmrntal Consesus Building
xxii + 342 hlm., 23 cm
Murray Patterson and Bruce Glavovic, Editors, Ecological Economics of the Oceans and Coasts, Edward Elgar (2008) ISBN 978 84542 319 3.
Mediated Modeling : a system dynamics approach tp environmental concensus building
This book explains the benefits of computer generated modeling in dealing with environmental issues. It aims to illustrate how, with the power of computer modeling, a concensus can be achieved between outside and local experts. The book includes five in-depth case studies that support this solution, and offers a step by step description of techniques, as well as practical advice on implementation that proposes options for sound evironmental decisions
"Outliers: the story of success, Malcom Gladwell, 2008, Little, Brown and Company, ISBN: 0316017922, 320 pp".
Changing Course: A global business perspective on development and environment : Stephan Schmidheiny with the Business Council for Sustainable Development. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Boston, MA, 1992, ISBN 0-262-19318-3
Global sustainability: policy networks for the Sustainable Development Goals
This article focuses on public policy networks, but more particularly on those that are global in scope and intent. It examines how such networks are being deployed to advance the goals of the Sustainable Development Agenda, and how the New Zealand government and non-government actors might be involved. Networks have become an important tool in policy making at all levels of government.