Comment on "On the spatial and temporal resolution of ion temperature measurements based on neutral beam scattering"

The discrepancies found by Donné and Barbian [A. J. H. Donné and E. P. Barbian, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 58 (1987)] can be attributed principally to the choice of experimental and technical limits, basic assumptions, and definitions

Architecture decisions:the next step

Software-architectuur is het resultaat van een set architectuurbeslissingen. Helaas ontbreekt het op dit moment aan een algemeen geaccepteerde aanpak voor het modelleren van deze beslissingen. Bestaande methodes houden bij de beschrijving van een beslissing niet met alle stakeholder-belangen rekening; ze ondersteunen het architectuurproces niet op optimale wijze en ze sluiten niet goed aan bij de rest van de architectuurdocumentatie, die doorgaans in meerdere architectural views wordt beschreven. Deze dissertatie rapporteert over meerdere empirische studies die gehouden zijn om het besluitvormingsproces in de praktijk beter te begrijpen. De kern is een framework voor architectuurbeslissingen, conform de conventies van de internationale architectuurbeschrijvingsstandaard ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010. Het framework bestaat uit vijf gerelateerde viewpoints, ieder gewijd aan verschillende stakeholder-belangen bij architectuurbeslissingen. De viewpoints kunnen individueel, of in combinatie, gebruikt worden om genomen architectuurbeslissingen in een softwareproject te beschrijven. Om erachter te komen of decision viewpoints ontwerpers kunnen ondersteunen bij het nemen van rationele beslissingen, hebben wij een vergelijkend multiple-case study met vier groepen senior software engineering-studenten uitgevoerd. De resultaten bevestigen dat studenten die decision views ontwikkelen volgens de viewpoint-definitie, meer systematisch mogelijke architectuuroplossingen verkennen en evalueren dan studentgroepen die het framework niet gebruiken. Tot slot bericht deze dissertatie over een lichtgewicht beslissings-centrische architectuur-evaluatiemethode, die viewpoints van het beslissingsframework gebruikt. De methode brengt de motivatie achter de belangrijkste architectuurbeslissingen die genomen zijn in een software-project aan het licht en evalueert deze, daarbij alle relevante forces die van invloed zijn geweest in beschouwing nemende

The Multiple Faces of the Countryside: Monetization in the North West of Gaul during the High Empire (1 st -3 rd c. AD)

International audienc

The multiplicative complexity of symmetric functions over a field with characteristic p

In this thesis we consider the boolean elementary symmetric functions over a field with characteristic p, with p an odd, large enough prime.We will determine the coefficients of the symmetric functions. Also we will prove that it is possible to determine the coefficients with a recurrence relation of which the order depends on the number of variables of the degree of the smallest monomial in the symmetric polynomial. The multiplicative complexity of the symmetric polynomials is the number of multiplications needed to construct the polynomial. We will show the minimal number of multiplications needed for elementary symmetric functions with eight or less variables. In this thesis we consider the boolean elementary symmetric functions over a field with characteristic p, with p an odd, large enough prime.We will determine the coefficients of the symmetric functions. Also we will prove that it is possible to determine the coefficients with a recurrence relation of which the order depends on the number of variables of the degree of the smallest monomial in the symmetric polynomial. The multiplicative complexity of the symmetric polynomials is the number of multiplications needed to construct the polynomial. We will show the minimal number of multiplications needed for elementary symmetric functions with eight or less variables

Which older women could benefit from interventions to decrease sitting time and increase physical activity? [Letter to the Editor]

In addition to the well-known health risks associated with lack of physical activity (PA), evidence is emerging about the health risks of sedentary behaviour (sitting). Research about patterns and correlates of sitting and PA in older women is scarce. METHODS: Self-report data from 6,116 women aged 76-81 years were collected as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Woman’s Health. Linear regression models were computed to examine whether demographic, social and health factors were associated with sitting and PA. RESULTS: Women who did no PA sat more than women who did any PA (p<0.001). Seven correlates were associated with sitting and PA (p<0.05). Five of these were associated with more sitting and less PA: three health-related (BMI, chronic conditions, anxiety/depression) and two social correlates (caring duties, volunteering). One demographic (being from another English-speaking country) and one social correlate (more social interaction) were associated with more sitting and more PA. Four correlates, two demographic (living in a city; post-high school education), one social (being single), and one health-related correlate (dizziness/loss of balance) were associated with more sitting only. Two other health-related correlates (stiff/painful joints; feet problems) were associated with less PA only. CONCLUSION: Sedentary behaviour and PA are distinct behaviours in older Australian women. Information about the correlates of both behaviours can be used to identify population groups who might benefit from interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour and/or increase PA

Computational approach for procedural generation of protein-DNA architectures

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