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    Π‘Π˜ΠΠ’Π•Π— ВА Π”ΠžΠ‘Π›Π†Π”Π–Π•ΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠ’Π˜Π’Π Π˜ΠŸΠΠΠžΠ‘ΠžΠœΠΠžΠ‡ ΠΠšΠ’Π˜Π’ΠΠžΠ‘Π’Π† ΠΠžΠ’Π˜Π₯ 5-ІЛІДЕН-2-(1,3,4-Π’Π†ΠΠ”Π†ΠΠ—ΠžΠ›-2-Π†Π›)Π†ΠœΠ†ΠΠžΠ’Π†ΠΠ—ΠžΠ›Π†Π”Π˜Π-4-ΠžΠΠ†Π’

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    The aim of work. Synthesize the new thiadiazolo-2-iminothiazolidin-4-ones and their 5-arylidene derivatives based on the heterocyclization reaction and Knoevenagel condensation and study their antitrypanosomal activity.Materials and Methods: organic synthesis, NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, pharmacological screening.Results and Discussion. Following the cyclization reaction of N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)substituted 2-chloroacetamides with ammonium thiocyanate in dry acetone the corresponding 2-imino-4-thiazolidinone derivatives have been obtained. Further chemical modification of synthesized methylene active 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)imino-4-thiazolidinones was performed via Knoevenagel condensation with various aromatic or heterocyclic aldehydes, isatin or cinnamic aldehyde derivatives have yielded a series of 5-aryl(heteryl)ylidene- and 5-isatin(3-phenylpropene)ylidene derivatives as potential antitrypanosomal agents. The structure of obtained compounds was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis.Conclusions. The results of in vitro screening of antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (TBG) allowed us to identify four highly active compounds which owned essential trypanocidal effect with a range of values IC50 within 7.3-12.8 Β΅M.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚Π° Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ. На основі Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†Ρ–ΠΉ Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ‚Π° КньовСнагСля здійснити синтСз Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Ρ–Π°Π΄Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎ-2-Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Ρ‚Π° Ρ—Ρ… 5-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»Ρ–Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… для скринінгу антитрипаносомної активності.ΠœΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ– ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ синтСз, спСктроскопія ЯМР, Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·, Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΉ скринінг.Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΠΉ обговорСння. Π¦ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ N-(1,3,4-Ρ‚Ρ–Π°Π΄Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-2-Ρ–Π»)Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… 2-Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ°Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΡ–Π΄Ρ–Π² ΠΏΡ–Π΄ Π΄Ρ–Ρ”ΡŽ Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ½Ρ–ΡŽ Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΎΡ†Ρ–Π°Π½Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ Π² сСрСдовищі Π°Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ синтСзовано ΡΠ΅Ρ€Ρ–ΡŽ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… 2-Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½Ρƒ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ— Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ– 5 Ρ‚Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρƒ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ… 2-(1,3,4-Ρ‚Ρ–Π°Π΄Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-2-Ρ–Π»)Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎΡ‚Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΈΠ½-4-ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π° провСсти Ρ—Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡŒΡˆΡƒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ Π² ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ… Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†Ρ–Ρ— КньовСнагСля Π· Ρ€Ρ–Π·Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°Π½Ρ–Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»(Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ»)ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π±Π°Π»ΡŒΠ΄Π΅Π³Ρ–Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π°Π±ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»ΡŒΠ΄Π΅Π³Ρ–Π΄Ρƒ Π· утворСнням сСрій Π²Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… 5-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»(Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ»)Ρ–Π»Ρ–Π΄Π΅Π½- Ρ‚Π° 5-Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½(3-Ρ„Π΅Π½Ρ–Π»ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π½)Ρ–Π»Ρ–Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… як ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… антитрипаносомних Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π². Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ синтСзованих сполук ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠΌ Ρ‚Π° ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡ–Ρ”ΡŽ ПМР.Висновки. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ скринінгу антитрипаносомної активності in vitro синтСзованих сполук Π½Π° ΡˆΡ‚Π°ΠΌΡ– Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (TBG) Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Ρ–Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Ρ‡ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΈ високоактивні сполуки, які Π·Ρ– значСннями IC50 Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ°Ρ… 7,3-12,8 мкМ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π»ΠΈ суттєвим Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ

    Thiazolidinone motif in anticancer drug discovery. Experience of DH LNMU medicinal chemistry scientific group

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    The aim was analysis of 4-thiazolidinones and related heterocyclic systems anticancer activity data and formation of some rational design directions of potential anticancer agents. Synthetic research carried out in Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University (DH LNMU) allowed us to propose a whole number of new molecular design directions of biological active 4-thiazolidinones and related heterocyclic systems, as well as obtain directed library that numbers over 5000 of novel compounds. At the present time in vitro anticancer activity screening was carried out for more than 1000 compounds (US NCI protocol (Developmental Therapeutic Program), among them 167 compounds showed high antitumor activity level. For the purpose of optimization and rational design of highly active molecules with optimal Β«drug-likeΒ» characteristics and discovering of possible mechanism of action SAR, QSAR analysis and molecular docking were carried out. The ultimate aim of the project is creating of innovative synthetic drug with special mechanism of action and sufficient pharmacological and toxicological features. Some aspects of structure–activity relationships were determined and structure design directions were proposed. The series of active compounds with high anticancer activity and/or selectivity levels were selected. Key words: synthesis, 4-thia(imida)zolidinones, thiopyrano[2,3-d]thiazoles, anticancer activity, (Q)SAR.ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡŽ Ρ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈ Π±ΡƒΠ² Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π· Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ–Π² дослідТСння ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒΡ…Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ— активності 4-Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Ρ– споріднСних Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… сполук Ρ‚Π° формування дСяких напрямків Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒΡ…Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ… Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ–Π². Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ– дослідТСння, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ– Ρƒ Π›ΠΠœΠ£ Ρ–ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ– Π”Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»Π° Π“Π°Π»ΠΈΡ†ΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΡƒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… ΡΠΏΡ€ΡΠΌΡƒΠ²Π°Π½ΡŒ молСкулярного Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρƒ Π±Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ… 4-Ρ‚Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Ρ–Π² Ρ‚Π° споріднСних Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… систСм, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚ΠΈ сфокусовану Π±Ρ–Π±Π»Ρ–ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒ, яка Π½Π°Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡ” ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π°Π΄ 5000 Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… сполук. На Ρ†Π΅ΠΉ час здійснСно in vitro скринінг ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒΡ…Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ— активності ΠΏΠΎΠ½Π°Π΄ 1000 сполук (US NCI ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» Developmental Therapeutic Program), Π·-ΠΏΠΎΠΌΡ–ΠΆ яких 167 Ρ–Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ як Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΡ–, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ високу ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρƒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Для ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— Ρ– Ρ€Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Ρƒ високоактивних ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ» Π· ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Β«Π»Ρ–ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ–Π±Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈΒ» характСристиками Ρ‚Π° визначСння ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌΡƒ Π±Ρ–ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— Π΄Ρ–Ρ— ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ SAR- Ρ– QSAR-Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π· Ρ– молСкулярний Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡ–Π½Π³. ΠšΡ–Π½Ρ†Π΅Π²ΠΎΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Ρƒ Ρ” створСння Ρ–Π½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†Ρ–ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ синтСтичного Π»Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ€ΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρƒ Π· ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³Ρ–Π½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π΄Ρ–Ρ— Ρ‚Π° достатнім Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ– токсикологічним ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Ρ–Π»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡ΠΎΠ²Ρ– слова: синтСз, 4-Ρ‚Ρ–Π°(Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Π΄Π°)Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ, Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΎΠΏΡ–Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΎ[2, 3-d]Ρ‚Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠΏΡƒΡ…Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ, (Q)SAR.ЦСль Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ состояла Π² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² исслСдования ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ активности 4-Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ родствСнных гСтСроцикличСских систСм ΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ². БинтСтичСскиС исслСдования, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² Π›ΠΠœΠ£ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π”Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»Π° Π“Π°Π»ΠΈΡ†ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ряд Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ молСкулярного Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π° биологичСски Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… 4-Ρ‚ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ родствСнных гСтСроцикличСских систСм, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ„ΠΎΠΊΡƒΡΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒ, Π½Π°ΡΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 5000 Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… соСдинСний. На Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ осущСствлСн in vitro скрининг ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ активности (US NCI ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ» Developmental Therapeutic Program) Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 1000 соСдинСний, позволивший ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ 167 соСдинСний с высоким ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΌ эффСктом. Для ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½Π° высокоактивных ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ» с ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Β«drug-likeΒ» характСристиками ΠΈ установлСния вСроятного ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° биологичСского дСйствия ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ SAR- ΠΈ QSAR-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ молСкулярный Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½Π³. ΠšΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ‡Π½Π°Ρ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚Π° – созданиС ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ синтСтичСского лСкарствСнного срСсдтва с ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΌ дСйствия, достаточным фармакологичСским ΠΈ токсикологичСским ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π΅ΠΌ. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Π΅ слова: синтСз, 4-Ρ‚ΠΈΠ°(ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π°)Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ½Ρ‹, Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°Π½ΠΎ[2,3-d]Ρ‚ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»Ρ‹, противоопухолСвая Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, (Q)SAR

    Synthesis of novel 4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives with 2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)benzyl fragment in molecules and their anti-inflammatory activity

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    Aim. The study of anti-inflammatory activity of novel 4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives is one of the most priority direction of pharmacological investigation of mentioned heterocyclic system. Methods and results. Based on the heterocyclization reaction of N-substituted thiosemicarbazides in alkaline medium the synthesis of novel non-condensed derivatives with 4H-1,2,4-triazole and 2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)benzyl fragments was carried out. Further chemical modification of synthesized 5-[2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)benzyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thioles was performed via S-alkylation reactions with N-aryl(thiophene-2-yl)substituted 2-chloroacetamides and 2-chloro-1-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)ethanones. Structure of synthesized compounds was confirmed by the elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectral data. Conclusions. The research of anti-inflammatory activity has been conducted on the carrageenan-induced edema of the rat’s extremities model. The results allow to identify highly active compounds 2-{5-[2-(2,6-dichloro-phenylamino)-benzyl]-4-ethyl-4Н-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl}-N-(4-chlorophenyl)acetamide (compound 3b) and 2-{5-[2-(2,6-dichloro-phenylamino)-benzyl]-4-ethyl-4Н-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl}-1-[5-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl]-ethanone (compound 5c) with evident antiexudative effect comparable with the same effect of diclofenac sodium

    Π‘ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π· Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… 4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ Π· 2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½Ρ–Π»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎ)бСнзильним Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ Ρƒ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡƒΠ»Π°Ρ… Ρ‚Π° їхня ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ

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    Aim. The study of anti-inflammatory activity of novel 4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives is one of the most priority direction of pharmacological investigation of mentioned heterocyclic system.Methods and results. Based on the heterocyclization reaction of N-substituted thiosemicarbazides in alkaline medium the synthesis of novel non-condensed derivatives with 4H-1,2,4-triazole and 2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)benzyl fragments was carried out. Further chemical modification of synthesized 5-[2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)benzyl]-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thioles was performed via S-alkylation reactions with N-aryl(thiophene-2-yl)substituted 2-chloroacetamides and 2-chloro-1-(3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl)ethanones. Structure of synthesized compounds was confirmed by the elemental analysis and 1H NMR spectral data.Conclusions. The research of anti-inflammatory activity has been conducted on the carrageenan-induced edema of the rat’s extremities model. The results allow to identify highly active compounds 2-{5-[2-(2,6-dichloro-phenylamino)-benzyl]-4-ethyl-4Н-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl}-N-(4-chlorophenyl)acetamide (compound 3b) and 2-{5-[2-(2,6-dichloro-phenylamino)-benzyl]-4-ethyl-4Н-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylsulfanyl}-1-[5-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl]-ethanone (compound 5c) with evident antiexudative effect comparable with the same effect of diclofenac sodium.Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ активности Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹Ρ… 4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎΠ»Π° являСтся ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ фармакологичСских исслСдований ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ гСтСроцикличСской систСмы. На основС Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ N-Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… тиосСмикарбазидов Π² Ρ‰Π΅Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ срСдС ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π° Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΠΏΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… нСкондСнсированных соСдинСний, содСрТащих 4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ 2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ)Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° химичСская модификация синтСзированных 5-[2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ)Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»]-4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² рСакциях S-алкилирования с N-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»(Ρ‚ΠΈΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½-2-ΠΈΠ»)Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Ρ‘Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ 2-Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ°Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ 2-Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎ-1-(3,5-Π΄ΠΈΠ°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»-4,5-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-1-ΠΈΠ»)этанонами. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° соСдинСний ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π° элСмСнтным Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ПМР спСктроскопии. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Ρ‘Π½ скрининг ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ активности Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ€Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‘ΠΊΠ° Ρƒ крыс, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π²Π° высокоактивных соСдинСния: 2-{5-[2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ)Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»]-4-этил-4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΠΈΠ»ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»}-N-(4-Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»)Π°Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ΄ (соСдинСниС 3b) ΠΈ 2-{5-[2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ)Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»]-4-этил-4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-ΠΈΠ»ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Π½ΠΈΠ»}-1-[5-(4-мСтоксифСнил)-3-(Π½Π°Ρ„Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅Π½-2-ΠΈΠ»)-4,5-Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-1-ΠΈΠ»]этанон (соСдинСниС 5c), ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΡ‚Ρ‘Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ΅ дСйствиС, сопоставимоС с Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ эффСктом Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½Π°ΠΊΠ° натрия.ВивчСння ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— активності Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΠΎΡ…Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ… 4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΎΠ»Ρƒ Ρ” ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ–Π· ΠΏΡ€Ρ–ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… напрямів Ρ„Π°Ρ€ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»Ρ–Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡŒ Π²ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎΡ— Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΡ— систСми. На основі Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ†Ρ–Ρ— Π³Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠΊΠ»Ρ–Π·Π°Ρ†Ρ–Ρ— N-Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ… тіосСмікарбазидів Ρƒ Π»ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ сСрСдовищі ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠΏΡƒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ… нСкондСнсованих сполук, Ρ‰ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ”Π΄Π½ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ 4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ– 2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½Ρ–Π»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎ)бСнзильний Ρ„Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈ. Здійснили Ρ…Ρ–ΠΌΡ–Ρ‡Π½Ρƒ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΠ°Ρ†Ρ–ΡŽ синтСзованих 5-[2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½Ρ–Π»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎ)Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»]-4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΎΠ»Ρ–Π² Ρƒ рСакціях S-Π°Π»ΠΊΡ–Π»ΡŽΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π· N-Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»(Ρ‚Ρ–ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½-2-Ρ–Π»)Π·Π°ΠΌΡ–Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ 2-Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ°Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΡ–Π΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ‚Π° 2-Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎ-1-(3,5-Π΄Ρ–Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ»-4,5-Π΄ΠΈΠ³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΡ–Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-1-Ρ–Π»)Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρƒ синтСзованих сполук ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠΌ Ρ– ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ПМР спСктроскопії. Здійснили скринінг ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— активності Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ– ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π°Π³Π΅Π½Ρ–Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ набряку Π² Ρ‰ΡƒΡ€Ρ–Π², Ρ‰ΠΎ Π΄Π°Π»ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ–Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ„Ρ–ΠΊΡƒΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ Π΄Π²Ρ– високоактивні сполуки: 2-{5-[2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½Ρ–Π»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎ)Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»]-4-Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-Ρ–Π»ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Π½Ρ–Π»}-N-(4-Ρ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½Ρ–Π»)Π°Ρ†Π΅Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΡ–Π΄ (сполука 3b) Ρ‚Π° 2-{5-[2-(2,6-Π΄ΠΈΡ…Π»ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½Ρ–Π»Π°ΠΌΡ–Π½ΠΎ)Π±Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ»]-4-Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠ»-4Н-1,2,4-Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-3-Ρ–Π»ΡΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ„Π°Π½Ρ–Π»}-1-[5-(4-мСтоксифСніл)-3-(Π½Π°Ρ„Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅Π½-2-Ρ–Π»)-4,5-Π΄ΠΈΠ³Ρ–Π΄Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΡ–Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ»-1-Ρ–Π»]Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ½ (сполука 5c), ΠΊΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Ρ– Π²ΠΈΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π²ΠΈΡ€Π°Π·Π½Ρƒ протинабрякову Π΄Ρ–ΡŽ, Ρ‰ΠΎ Ρ” ΡΠΏΡ–Π²ΠΌΡ–Ρ€Π½ΠΎΡŽ Π· Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Ρ–Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π΅Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡ„Π΅Π½Π°ΠΊΡƒ Π½Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ–ΡŽ

    SYNTHESIS AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF RHODANINE DERIVATIVES WITH 2-(2,6-DICHLOROPHENYLAMINO)-PHENYLACETAMIDE FRAGMENT IN MOLECULES

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    The aim of work. Synthesize the new 5-ylidenerhodanine derivatives with diclofenac fragment in position 3 based on the heterocyclization reaction and Knoevenagel condensation for screening their anti-inflammatory activity. Materials and Methods. Organic synthesis, NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, pharmacological screening, SAR-analysis. Results and Discussion. The interaction of 2-(2,6-dichlorophenylamino)phenylacetic acid hydrazide and thiocarbonyl-bis-thioglycolic acid in ethanol medium resulted in rhodanine derivative with fragment of anti-inflammatory drug Β«DiclofenacΒ» in position 3. Considering the presence of an active methylene group in position 5 the further chemical modification of synthesized rhodanine was performed via Knoevenagel condensation with various aromatic aldehydes, isatin or cinnamic aldehyde derivatives have yielded a series of 5-arylidene- and 5-isatin(3-phenylpropene)ylidene derivatives for pharmacological screening on antiexudative action. The structure of obtained compounds was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Conclusions. The results of anti-inflammatory activity investigation of synthesized compounds allowed us to identify three highly active derivatives which was appropriate to the reference nonsteroidal inflammatory drug Β«Diclofenac SodiumΒ» by indicator of inhibition of inflammatory reaction (42,4-45,3%)

    Study of antineoplastic action of novel isomeric derivatives of 4-thiazolidinone

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    Pyrazole- and aryl-substituted derivatives of 4-thiazolidinone belong to a perspective group of compounds with potential antitumor action. Earlier, we have demonstrated high toxicity in vitro of several 4-thiazolidinones derivatives towards tumor cell lines. To further enhance the antitumor activity of novel 4-thiazolidinones, their chemical scaffold was optimized, and new pyrazole-thiazolidinones were synthesized. That allowed us to combine in one molecule the potential pharmacophore centres of previously tested compounds. As a result, β€œhybrid” 4-thiazolidinones exhibit higher toxicity in vitro toward tumor cells of various origin. The molecular mechanisms of antineoplastic activity of these compounds and intensity of induction of apoptosis strongly depended on the position of the substituent in the thiazolidinone cycle. In particular, Les-3661 compound, containing pyrazoline fragment in the 4th position of thiazolidinone core, exhibits 14 times higher cytotoxic activity towards tumor cells (LC50 = 3 Β΅M) in comparison to its 2-substituted isomer Les-3713 (LC50 = 42 Β΅M). It is demonstrated that in terms of underlying molecular mechanisms for cytotoxic effect the Les-3661 compound induced caspase-8 and caspase-9 dependent mixed-type of apoptosis, while Les-3713 induced apoptosis mediated only by the caspase-8

    Comparative study of the cytotoxic properties of isatin-containing derivatives of 4-thiazolidinone with different structure toward human tumor cells in vitro

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    Compounds on the basis of 4-thiazolidinone and its isatin-containing derivatives are characterized by a broad spectrum of biological activities and are potential antineoplastic agents. We have shown that the combination of 4-thiazolidinone and isatine (1H-indole-2,3-dione) in one molecule enhances the cytotoxic action of novel compounds towards lukemic and carcinoma cells in vitro. The level of cytotoxic action of ID-3833, ID-4522, ID-4523, ID-4524, ID-4525, ID-4526, ID-4527 compounds strongly depends on the presence of a halogen in the 5th position of the indoline moiety and the type of the atom (chlorine or bromine) in the aryl groups in the 3rd and 5th positions in pyrazoline moiety. Compound ID-3833 demonstrates the highest activity, which can be associated with the presence of bromine in the 5th position of indoline and 4-methoxyphenyl in the 5th position of pyrazoline and naphthyl in the 3rd position of pyrazoline. ID-4524 compound, whose molecule contains 5-bromindoline and two para-chlorophenyl groups also possessed high cytotoxic effect towards tumor cells. At the same time, ID-4522 compound was found to possess the lowest cytotoxic activity towards tumor cells. Like ID-4524 compound, it is characterized by the presence of two para-chlorophenyl groups in 3rd and 5th position of pyrazoline in isatin-pyrazoline-thiazolidinonr system, but it does not contain halogen in the 5th position of the indoline moiety. Thus, cytotoxic effect of isatin-containing 4-thiazolidinones mostly depends on the presence of halogen in the 5th position of the indoline, and the type of halogen in the 3rd and 5th position of the aryl groups of pirazoline cycle. All of these substances induce apoptosis in tumor cells. It has been shown that the ID-3833 substance induces apoptosis of mixed type, which includes the ER stress and mitochondrial apoptosis. The identified structure-functional relationships of 4-thiazolidones will be of high importance for further enhancement of their antineoplastic activity towards tumor cells

    Enhanced Proapoptotic Effects of Water Dispersed Complexes of 4-Thiazolidinone-Based Chemotherapeutics with a PEG-Containing Polymeric Nanocarrier

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    Abstract Aim To study whether water formulation of the complex of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives with a PEG-containing polymeric nanocarrier enhances their pro-apoptotic action towards rat glioma C6 cells. Methods Mechanisms of antineoplastic effects of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives were investigated in vitro with rat glioma C6 cells. Cell nativity, cell cycling pattern, and Annexin V expression were evaluated and DNA damage was estimated by DNA comet analysis. A novel water-based formulation of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives complexed with a polymeric nanocarrier was utilized for enhancing pro-apoptotic action towards C6 cells. Results The studied 4-thiazolidinone derivatives use apoptosis mechanisms for killing rat glioma C6 cells, as confirmed by FACS analysis of these cells in pre-G1 stage, the appearance of Annexin V positive C6 cells, and an increased number of DNA comets of higher classes. Complexation of the studied compounds with a PEG-containing polymeric nanocarrier significantly increased pro-apoptotic effects in rat glioma C6 cells measured by all methods mentioned above. Conclusion Complexation of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives with a PEG-containing polymeric nanocarrier provided them with water solubility and enhanced pro-apoptotic effects in rat glioma C6 cells
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