Kendali Optimal pada Model Dinamik Epidemi Dengue Menggunakan Miser3

Dengue fever is an infectious tropical disease caused by the Dengue virus. Dengue haemorrhagic fever constitute a substantial health burden on world's population. In thisresearch, an application of optimal control theory to Dengue epidemics using MISER3 was presented. The dynamic model is described by a set of nonlinear ordinary differentialequations, that depend on the dynamics of the Dengue mosquito, the number of infected individuals, and people's motivation to combat the mosquito. The cost functional dependsnot only on the costs of medical treatment of the infected people but also on the costs related to educational and sanitation campaigns. We observe that with currentcomputational tools it is easy to obtain, in an efficient way, better solutions to Dengue problems, leading to a decrease in the number of infected mosquitoes and individuals inless time and with lower costs

Sistem Ortonormal dalam Ruang Hilbert

Hilbert space is one of the important inventions in mathematics. Historically, the theory of Hilbert space originated from David Hilbert's work on quadratic form in infinitely many variables with their applications to integral equations. This paper contains some definitions such as vector space, normed space and inner product space (also called pre-Hilbert space), and which is important to construct the Hilbert space. The fundamental ideas and results are discussed with special attention given to finite dimensional pre-Hilbert space and some basic propositions of orthonormal systems in Hilbert space. This research found that each finite dimensional pre- Hilbert space is a Hilbert space. We have provided that a finite orthonormal systems in a Hilbert space X is complete if and only if this orthonormal systems is a basis of X

Penatalaksanaan Cedera Tendinitis Patella Pada Atlet Bulutangkis

Badminton is a popular sport in Indonesia becoming a mainstay in the International events as proven by the number of Olympic gold medals achieved. Badminton includes high intensity sport, multi-direction, and run-jump movements with acceleration-deceleration. Thus, badminton athletes are prone to the risk of knee injury, such as patellar tendinitis. In general, patellar tendonitis occurs in sports that contain many numbers of repeated jumping and running that result in inflammation in the patellar tendon. These injuries are also associated with excessive load during weight lifting, condition of the hip anatomy, blow to the knees and flat feet. This article discusses knee anatomy, patellar tendinitis definition, epidemiology, biomechanics of injury, sign and symptoms, physical examination, causes, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, management and rehabilitation

Analisis Biplot pada Pemetaan Karakteristik Kemiskinan di Provinsi Maluku

Kemiskinan merupakan sebuah permasalahan sosial yang sangat kompleks dan harus mendapat penanganan yang tepat. Secara nasional, sesuai hasil rilis BPS tahun 2014, Provinsi Maluku menempati urutan keempat sebagai daerah termiskin di Indonesia. Sementara, berdasarkan hasil analisis Kementerian Pembangunan Desa Tertinggal (PDT) terindikasi terdapat 10 Kabupaten di Provinsi Maluku termasuk daerah rawan kemiskinan dengan berbagai level yang telah ditentukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan inovasi baru mengenai pemetaan karakteristik kemiskinan di Provinsi Maluku menggunakan analisis biplot agar dapat diketahui keragaman karakteristik kemiskinan dan korelasi antar variabel karakteristik kemiskinan pada setiap kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Maluku sehingga program-program pemerintah dalam mengentaskan kemiskinan lebih tepat sasaran. Analisis Biplot didasarkan pada singular value decomposition dan matriks orthonormal. Biplot yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah biplot RPM (Row Metric Preserving) atau biplot komponen utama. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Maluku yang memiliki kesamaan karakteristik terbagi menjadi 4 kelompok. Kelompok I yaitu kabupaten Buru dan Buru Selatan, kelompok II yaitu kabupaten SBB dan SBT, kelompok III yaitu kabupaten Maluku Tenggara, Kepulauan Aru, MTB dan MBD, sedangkan kelompok IV yaitu kabupaten Maluku Tengah, kota Tual dan kota Ambon. Karakteristik kemiskinan yang paling dominan di Provinsi Maluku yaitu angka melek huruf. Angka melek huruf dan angka partisipasi sekolah saling mempengaruhi dan berkorelasi positif. Sedangkan tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja berkorelasi negatif dengan pengeluaran perkapita

Diagnosa Penyakit Saluran Pernapasan dengan Menggunakan Support Vector Machine (Svm)

Support Vector Machine (SVM) telah banyak digunakan untuk membantu menyelesaikan berbagai macam permasalahan dalam rangka pengambilan keputusan berdasarkan pelatihan yang diberikan. Aplikasi SVM dapat diterapkan dalam berbagai bidang, salah satunya dalam bidang kesehatan. Dalam penelitian ini, aplikasi SVM digunakan untuk mendiagnosa penyakit saluran pernapasa khususnya pada penyakit Tuberculosis, Asma, Sinusitis, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, dan ISPA berdasarkan gejala-gejala dari penyakit saluran pernapasan tersebut. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 77 data, 56 data untuk pelatihan dan 21 data untuk pengujian. Data di atas diperoleh dari ruang rekam medis RSUD Dr. M. Haulussy Ambon. Dalam penelitian ini, diujicobakan variasi fungsi kernel pada SVM untuk mendapatkan tingkat keakuratan yang terbaik. Tingkat keakuratan terbaik dari pengujian 21 data diperoleh sebesar 80.95%

EFFECT OF PYROLISIS TEMPERATURE AND DISTILLATION ON CHARACTER OF COCONUT SHELL LIQUID SMOKE

A research on effect of coconut shell pyrolisis temperature and liquid smoke distillation on character of resulted liquid smoke has been done. Objective of the research is to identify effect of coconut shell pyrolisis temperature and liquid smoke distillation on character of coconut shell liquid smoke distillate. Liquid smoke was obtained with pyrolisis using pyrolisis reactor on temperature range of 150 to 450oC. Liquid smoke purification was done by decantation, filtering and distillation at various temperatures: <100 (D-I), 100-120 (D-II), 121-140 (D-III), 141-160 (D-IV), 161-180 (D-V) and 181- 200 (D-VI). Liquid smoke characteristic was done by determining physical and chemical characteristic such as density, bias index, pH, acid level and phenol level. The result indicated that temperature of coconut shell pyrolisis and liquid smoke distillation affect concentration and liquid smoke characteristic. Highest liquid smoke concentration was obtained in pyrolisis temperature of 150-200oC (6.07% (v/m)) and the lowest one (0.85% (v/m) at temperature of 351-4500C. highest tar concentration (1.03% (v/m) was obtained at 276-350oC, and the lowest (0.20% (v/m)) at 150-200oC. Charcoal concentration was 28.75% (m/m). Characteristic (pH, acid level and phenol level) of liquid smoke before and after purification process and distillation are various. Highest pH (6.2) was D-I, while the lowest (4.1) at D-VI. The highest acid level (58.40%) was at D-VI, while the lowest (1.86%) was at D-I. at D-I liquid smoke does not contain phenol, while the highest phenol content (3.85%) was in D-VI and the lowest was liquid smoke residue (1.93%

Penerapan Analisis Korelasi Parsial untuk Menentukan Hubungan Pelaksanaan Fungsi Manajemen Kepegawaian dengan Efektivitas Kerja Pegawai

Korelasi parsial digunakan untuk mempelajari hubungan murni antara sebuah 1ariable bebas ( ) dengan 1ariable terikat ( ) dengan mengendalikan atau mengontrol 1ariable-variabel bebas yang lain yaitu 1ariable X2 dan X3 yang diduga mempengaruhi hubungan antara 1ariable X1 dengan Y. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hubungan Pelaksanaan Fungsi Manajemen Kepegawaian dengan Efektivitas Kerja Pegawai. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 50 responden. Metode 1ariable data yang digunakan lebih dulu yaitu uji validitas dan reliabilitas serta uji asumsi dalam hal ini yaitu uji normalitas dengan mengunakan uji kolmogorov-smirnov. Hubungan dari antara ketiga 1ariable bebas terhadap 1ariable terikat yang terjadi hubungan yang kuat adalah 1ariable pelatihan, dimana 1ariable penempatan kerja pegawai sesuai dengan keahlian dan kemampuannya dan 1ariable promosi dikontrol yaitu dengan . berdasarkan uji signifikansi, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pelatihan dan efektivitas kerja pegawai karena , jika penempatan pegawai sesuai dengan keahlian dan kemampuannya dan juga promosi dibuat tetap (dikontrol)

Ferredoxin containing bacteriocins suggest a novel mechanism of iron uptake in <i>Pectobacterium spp</i>

In order to kill competing strains of the same or closely related bacterial species, many bacteria produce potent narrow-spectrum protein antibiotics known as bacteriocins. Two sequenced strains of the phytopathogenic bacterium &lt;i&gt;Pectobacterium carotovorum&lt;/i&gt; carry genes encoding putative bacteriocins which have seemingly evolved through a recombination event to encode proteins containing an N-terminal domain with extensive similarity to a [2Fe-2S] plant ferredoxin and a C-terminal colicin M-like catalytic domain. In this work, we show that these genes encode active bacteriocins, pectocin M1 and M2, which target strains of &lt;i&gt;Pectobacterium carotovorum&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Pectobacterium atrosepticum&lt;/i&gt; with increased potency under iron limiting conditions. The activity of pectocin M1 and M2 can be inhibited by the addition of spinach ferredoxin, indicating that the ferredoxin domain of these proteins acts as a receptor binding domain. This effect is not observed with the mammalian ferredoxin protein adrenodoxin, indicating that &lt;i&gt;Pectobacterium spp.&lt;/i&gt; carries a specific receptor for plant ferredoxins and that these plant pathogens may acquire iron from the host through the uptake of ferredoxin. In further support of this hypothesis we show that the growth of strains of &lt;i&gt;Pectobacterium carotovorum&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;atrosepticum&lt;/i&gt; that are not sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of pectocin M1 is enhanced in the presence of pectocin M1 and M2 under iron limiting conditions. A similar growth enhancement under iron limiting conditions is observed with spinach ferrodoxin, but not with adrenodoxin. Our data indicate that pectocin M1 and M2 have evolved to parasitise an existing iron uptake pathway by using a ferredoxin-containing receptor binding domain as a Trojan horse to gain entry into susceptible cells

Implementation of lean method and value analysis in the sandblasting production shop at Intersign Corporation

Intersign Corporation is a small signage manufacturing company in Chattanooga, Tennessee, which employs fewer than one hundred workers. The company produces variety of signage products and customized applications including room signs, room IDs, signs, suite IDs, nameplates, safety signs, menus, activity boards, traffic control signs, and many more. One of the company\u27s main products, and the main subject in this study, is sandblasting products. Sandblasting production is a job shop operation which is placed in a 55 x 100 ft building (building B). In the near future, the company will expand this production by moving several workstations into the new building, building C. The objective of this study was to evaluate the present layout and process operation of the sandblasting production and provide recommendations to the company based on the lean concept and value process analysis techniques. This study also helped the company to eliminate the non-value-added activities in order to minimize the production cost. The results of this study showed that the proposed layouts have better flow, less transportation time and distance, less work-in-process (WIP) inventory, less number of delay, less labor cost, and support a safer work environment. By examining and evaluating the current processes in detail, it has been determined that there are major chances for the company to reduce the production cost