Phenotypic detection of Metallo-β-Lactamase in imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia at Schiphra Hospital of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso

Background: Epidemic of carbapenemase-producing bacteria has become worldwide. Thus, during the last decade, the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and non fermentative Gram-negative bacteria in human patients have increased. Carbapenemase-producing bacteria are usually multidrug resistant. Therefore, early recognition of carbapenemase producers is critical to prevent their spread. Objectives: The aim of this study was to contribute establishing the prevalence of isolates producing Metallo-β-Lactamase isolated from patients admitted to Schiphra Hospital of Ouagadougou. Methods: Susceptibility of bacteria to antimicrobial agents was evaluated by disc diffusion method using imipenem as screening antibiotic. The combination of imipenem-EDTA was used after detection the resistance to imipenem. Results: A total of 52 isolates resisting one of the third generation cephalosporins were collected. Five isolates showed an intermediary resistance to imipenem (9.61%). Two isolates were resistant to imipenem-EDTA (3.85%). The test of imipenem-EDTA was done to confirm to production of Metallo-β-Lactamase. The hydrolysis of bacterial extract by meropenem was confirmed by production with a kinetic activity at spectrophotometer V0=4.77x10–5µM/min for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and V0=1.183x10-4 µM/min for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Conclusion: This study showed that bacterial resistances by production to metallo-β-lactamases are a reality in Burkina Faso

Identification of metallo-b-lactamase from a clinical isolate at Saint Camillle Hospital Center of Ouagadougou/ Burkina Faso

A metallo-b-lactamase was identified from a clinical sample. The host bacteria was identified to be Chryseobacterium Indologenes. This preliminary characterization of the enzyme is reported here.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (3), pp. 286-288, 200

Prevalence of blaSHV genes in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae at Saint Camille medical Center in Ouagadougou. Isolation of blaSHV11-like gene

Five bacterial strains (4 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 1 Escherichia coli) representative of pathogenic species and resistant to β-lactam antibiotics are investigated to isolate the genes responsible of β--lactamase activity. The use of engineering techniques enables us to show the widespread of blaSHV genes particularly in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. Our results highlighted an atypical blaSHV-11 gene. Key words: β--Lactamases, Klebsiella pneuminiae, blaSHV gene, Saint Camille medical centre, Ouagadougou. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol.3(9) 2004: 477-48

INHIBITION OF ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE AND GLUTATHIONE‐S‐TRANFERASE ACTIVITIES BY METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Lippia chevalieri MOLDENKE

The aim of the present study was to evaluate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) inhibition against methanolic extract (100 μg/mL) of Lippia chevalieri from Burkina Faso. The total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols and annins were also determined spectrophometrically. Lippia chevalieri inhibited both enzymes at more 35 %. The best inhibition activity was found on GST. The total phenolics content was 17.88 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 mg dry extract. As tannins were the major phenolic compounds in the extracts, their contribution to inhibition activity could represent 42.61 %. The present findings suggest that the methanolic extract of L. chevalieri is a relevant inhibitor of AChE and GST and confirm its traditional use in the treatment of mental and respiratory disorders and cardiovascular diseases

Short Communication - Identification of metallo-b-lactamase from a clinical isolate at Saint Camillle medical Center of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

A metallo-β-lactamase was identified from a clinical sample. The host bacteria was identified to be Chryseobacterium Indologenes. This preliminary characterization of the enzyme is reported here

Full Length Research Paper - Prevalence of blaSHV genes in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae at Saint Camille medical Center in Ouagadougou. Isolation of blaSHV11-like gene

Five bacterial strains (4 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 1 Escherichia coli ) representative of pathogenic species and resistant to β-lactam antibiotics are investigated to isolate the genes responsible of β-lactamase activity. The use of engineering techniques enables us to show the widespread of blaSHV genes particularly in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. Our results highlighted an atypical blaSHV-11 gene

RESISTANCES TO THE OXYIMINO-CEPHALOSPORINS BY CTX-M-15 PRODUCING KLEBSIELLA ISOLATED FROM THE URINES SAMPLES OF PATIENTS IN THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL COMPLEX PAEDIATRIC CHARLES DE GAULLE (CHUP-CDG) OF OUAGADOUGOU IN BURKINA FASO

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Emergence of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase (NDM) Genes Detected from Clinical Strains of Escherichia coli Isolated in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

The emergence and spread of carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacilli such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through the production of carbapenemases is a global phenomenon. It threatens patient care and leads to therapeutic impasses. This study aims to genotypically determine the prevalence of the most frequent carbapenemase genes among multidrug-resistant E. coli strains isolated from patients at a biomedical analysis laboratory. A total of fifty-three unduplicated E. coli strains isolated from patient samples with a multidrug-resistant (MDR) profile were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for carbapenem resistance genes. This study allowed us to identify fifteen strains carrying resistance genes among the fifty-three E. coli strains. All fifteen strains produced the metallo-β-lactamase enzymes; this represents a rate of 28.30% of study strains. Among these strains, ten carried the NDM resistance gene, NDM and VIM genes were detected in three strains and VIM was identified in two strains of E. coli. However, carbapenemases A (KPC and IMI), D (OXA-48), and IMP were not detected in the strains studied. Thus, NDM and VIM are the main carbapenemases detected in the strains in our study

Antimicrobial resistance and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains causing childhood infection in Burkina Faso.

International audienceIn Burkina Faso, a Western African country, reports on pneumococci carriage, resistance patterns and serotypes are inconsistent. The present study was conducted in order to evaluate these parameters. Thus 860 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children attending vaccination centers for pneumococci isolation, identification and serotype determination. The susceptibility to 16 antibiotics was assayed as recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standard (NCCLS). The results revealed that the majority of children were of 2 to 24 months age and 73.4% of children were well vaccinated. A carriage rate of 50.6% was recoded among the children. The main serotypes were: 6 (22.22%); 23 (16.67%); 7 and 9 (3.70%); 4, 11, 14, 15, 20 and 24 (1.85%). Serotypesl9, 23, 6, 7 and 18 were linked to penicillin resistance. Globally, high resistance rates to: amikacin, tetracyclin, pefloxacin, cotrimoxazol and penicillins (resistance rates greater than 25%) were recorded; however the following antibiotics remained active on the strains: rifampicin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, spectinomycin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, lincomycin and ciprofloxacin

FIRST DETECTION OF SHV-TYPE EXTENDED SPECTRUM Β-LACTAMASES IN THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL COMPLEX PAEDIATRIC CHARLES DE GAULLE (CHUP-CDG) OF OUAGADOUGOU IN BURKINA FASO

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