Variables related to the informal caregivers' burden of dependent senior citizens in Spain

The study aims at analyzing the psychosocial variables associated with the informal caregivers" burden of dependent older people. A sample of 296 dependent people and their informal caregivers (n= 153) was randomly selected among users and non-users of the Spanish public In-Home Help Service (HHS) in an autonomous Spanish region (Comunidad Valenciana). Diverse variables in reference to the care context and the caregiver as well as the care recipient show major associations with the burden: those associated to disease and the social situation of the dependent person, the greater frequency and intensity of care, and the low frequency in which the caregiver receives help from others. The obtained data makes possible to establish guidelines based on the psychological and educational interventions which relieve the informal caregivers" burden of dependent senior citizens, which must be combined with respite services, in order to promote the permanence of this population group in the community environment

Lost in Translation: How Bureaucratic Hierarchies Limit Presidential Control Over Distributive Policymaking in U.S. Federal Agencies

This dissertation explores the influence of organizational hierarchies within federal agencies and how they limit the influence of presidents on decision-making within bureaucracy. Federal contract awards from 2001 – 2016 are used to examine whether campaign donors to the president are given larger contracts relative to non-donors, regardless of where the award decision occurs in the agency hierarchy. Vertical insulation, as presented in this work, suggests that due to presidential influence, vendors will receive larger contracts in the top levels of agencies, but that this influence will dissipate lower in agencies. This theory is pursued in several ways. First, all contracts are examined together to determine if this broad pattern exists. Second, specific mechanisms within contracts, such as the bidding process and pricing structures, are analyzed to determine if they can be used to subvert organizational insulation. Finally, the effects of contract size are used to understand if political influence is strongest on the largest contracts. The findings show that organizational insulation does exist within agencies, with offices least insulated from the president in the hierarchy giving the biggest advantages to campaign donors. These advantages dissipate lower in the organizational hierarchy. Furthermore, these effects are strongest on the largest contracts, suggesting high returns for campaign donors if they pursue contracts from top-level offices in agencies. The president does have tools to subvert insulation however, as no-bid contracts in particular are shown to give the largest advantages for donors in offices in the middle of the hierarchy. The implications of these findings are that while presidents do have power over agencies, it is limited due to the natural organizational structure of agencies

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY AND THEIR TRANSLATION ABILITY AT UIN SUSKA RIAU

ABSTRAK Nur Zarit Sofia (2023) : Hubungan antara Penguasaan Kosakata Siswa dan Kemampuan Penerjemahan Mereka di UIN SUSKA Riau Siswa yang memiliki kosakata yang terbatas akan mengalami kesulitan dalam menerjemahkan kata-kata dari bahasa sumber ke bahasa target. Penerjemahan sangat berguna untuk menguasai suatu bahasa. Oleh karena itu, siswa tidak akan mampu menerjemahkan makna dari suatu bahasa tanpa mengetahui banyak kosakata dari bahasa tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penguasaan kosakata dan kemampuan penerjemahan mahasiswa semester empat Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris UIN SUSKA Riau. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dan desain yang digunakan adalah penelitian korelasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2023 di jurusan pendidikan Bahasa Inggris UIN SUSKA Riau. Dalam mengambil sampel penelitian, digunakan metode simple random sampling. Sampel penelitian ini diambil sebanyak 29 siswa dari 140 populasi. Dalam mengumpulkan data penelitian, peneliti menggunakan tes objektif berupa pilihan ganda sebanyak 20 soal dan satu teks untuk tes penerjemahan. Dalam penelitian ini, SPSS digunakan untuk menghitung rumus Pearson Product Moment. Setelah melakukan uji hipotesis, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara penguasaan kosakata dan kemampuan penerjemahan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dihitung dengan SPSS, diperoleh nilai Sig (P Value) = 0.000 dan α = 0.05. Artinya Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak karena Sig (P Value) = 0.000 rtabel (0,611 > 0,470), sedangkan dengan derajat signifikansi 5% diperoleh nilai rtabel sebesar 0,367 sehingga robserved > rtabel (0,611 > 0,367). Kesimpulannya, terdapat korelasi antara penguasaan kosakata dan kemampuan penerjemahan mahasiswa semester empat di Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris UIN SUSKA Riau

Supreme Court judgments based on reasons outside the law are unlikely to harm its legitimacy.

While almost all judgments from the Supreme Court are based on some kind of existing law, there are a small number which are not. Instead justices use public opinion, religious texts, and their own personal beliefs to justify their decisions. In new research, Chris Bonneau, Jarrod Kelly, Kira Pronin, Shane Redman and Matt Zarit examine whether such ‘extralegal’ decisions harm the Court’s legitimacy in the eyes of the public. They find that when moral or public opinion reasons are provided in addition to legal precedents, then public opinion about that decision’s legitimacy does not change. Members of the public only change their opinion on a decision’s legitimacy when they believe one specific reason is inappropriate and they disagree with the outcome

More than counting pixels – perspectives on the importance of remote sensing training in ecology and conservation

This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rse2.27As remote sensing (RS) applications and resources continue to expand, their importance for ecology and conservation increases – and so does the need for effective and successful training of professionals working in those fields. Methodological and applied courses often form part of university curricula, but their practical and long-term benefits only become clear afterwards. Having recently received such training in an interdisciplinary master’s programme, we provide our perspectives on our shared education. Through an online survey we include experiences of students and professionals in different fields. Most participants perceive their RS education as useful for their career, but express a need for more training at university level. Hands-on projects are considered the most effective learning method. Besides methodological knowledge, soft skills are clear gains, including problem solving, self-learning and finding individual solutions, and the ability to work in interdisciplinary teams. The largest identified gaps in current RS training concern the application regarding policy making, methodology and conservation. To successfully prepare students for a career, study programmes need to provide RS courses based on state-of-the-art methods, including programming, and interdisciplinary projects linking research and practice supported by a sound technical background.German Research Foundation (DFG), University of Bayreut

Extending the Intergenerational Stake Hypothesis: Evidence of an Intra‐individual Stake and Implications for Well‐being

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/112209/1/jomf12203.pd

Recent Parental Death and Relationship Qualities Between Midlife Adults and Their Grown Children

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149257/1/jomf12549_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149257/2/jomf12549.pd

Interactions of Aza Cyanine Dyes with Adenine: UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Study

UV-Visible absorption studies on the interaction of 2 (4) pyrid-and 2 (4) quinazamethine cyanine dyes with adenine in aqueous solutions demonstrate the formation of weakly bonded charge transfer complexes. The absorption spectra in the visible region of the complexes formed are located at longer wavelengths and outside the region of those of the pure reacting individuals. The amount of the red shift induced depends mainly on the type of the reacted dye and is independent of the dye concentration on using a fixed large excess of adenine. Equilibrium constants were calculated by assuming 1: 1 complexes Various thermodynamic parameters and molar absorptivities are calculated for the different interactions. The structure-activity relationships of the interacting molecular species are discussed