Relationship between Person-Organization Fit and Performance Indices of Public Hospitals Affiliated with Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in Iran

Background: Person-organization fit is an effective factor for recruiting, selection, and retention of human resources in organizations. Objective: This study examined the correlation between person-organization fit and performance indicators used in healthcare in the hospitals affiliated with Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (QUMS). Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014. A total of 324 employees were randomly selected from among the study population comprising the staff of teaching hospitals affiliated with QUMS. The sample size was distributed between the hospitals using the class-ratio method. Data were collected using person-organization fit (Scroggins) questionnaires, and their validity and reliability were evaluated. Data analysis was done using Spearman-Pearson correlation, chi-square, and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: In terms of values fit, personality fit, and skills, knowledge, and ability fit, hospital C ranked first among the hospitals tested with average ratings of 175.99, 195.53, 199.49, respectively. Significant relationships were found between person-organization fit and patients admitted per bed, median duration of patient stay, and crude mortality rate. No significant relationships were found between person-organization fit and the performance indicators of bed circulation and bed occupancy rate (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: In order to show an association between person-organization fit and the performance indicators, more efficient use of resources and improved efficiency is suggested. Policymakers must pay more attention to person-organization fit during recruitment, selection, and assignment of staff

The effects of regular exercise program on dialysis efficacy, muscle atrophy and physical performance in hemodialysis patients

زمینه و هدف: سبک زندگی غیر فعال و عوارضی همچون آتروفی عضلانی و ضعف عضلانی از جمله مشکلات بیماران همودیالیزی است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر تمرینات ورزشی بر کیفیت دیالیز، آتروفی عضلانی و عملکرد جسمانی بیماران همودیالیز می باشد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه نیمه تجربی، 30 بیمار همودیالیزی به صورت داوطلبانه انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و تجربی قرار گرفتند. گروه تجربی تمرینات ورزشی فزاینده را با دوچرخه به مدت 20 هفته، 3 جلسه در هفته و هر جلسه 60 دقیقه انجام دادند. کیفیت دیالیز با نمونه گیری خونی قبل و بعد از دیالیز جهت تعیین شاخص های کیفیت دیالیز (Kt/v) و میزان کاهش اوره (URR)، آتروفی عضلانی به وسیله آنتروپومتری و چربی زیر پوستی و عملکرد جسمانی به وسیله آزمون 2 دقیقه راه رفتن ارزیابی شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون های تی و کوواریانس در نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافته ها: در گروه تجربی، آتروفی عضلانی از 57/56 به 37/59 سانتیمتر و عملکرد جسمانی از 87/132 به 27/165 متر افزایش معنی داری نشان داد (05/0>P) اما در گروه کنترل تغییری مشاهده نشد. کیفیت دیالیز در هر دو گروه تفاوت معنی داری را نشان نداد (05/0< P). نتیجه گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که انجام تمرین ورزشی منظم در حین دیالیز در بیماران همودیالیزی باعث افزایش عملکرد جسمانی و کاهش آتروفی عضلانی می شود ولی بر کیفیت دیالیز آنها تاثیر معنی داری ندارد. با توجه به نتایج بدست آمده تمرینات ورزشی می تواند در حین دیالیز به عنوان یک فرآیند درمان برای کاهش اثرات دیالیز مورد استفاده قرار گیرد

Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Children and Adolescents: A Study from Khuzestan

&nbsp; Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to study the prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents in Khuzestan province. Materials &amp; Methods A community sample consisting of 1028 (51.6% female) children and adolescents aged 6-18 years was selected using a multistage cluster sampling method. Data were gathered using the Kiddie-SADSPresent and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and a demographic questionnaire (i.e., gender, age, level of education, place of residence, parent’s education, and parent’s Job) Results Nearly 22.6% (22.3% of boys and 23% of girls) of all participants suffered from at least one psychiatric disorder. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders based on gender, age, father’s education, mother’s education, mother’s job, and father’s job (all p&gt;0.05). Psychiatric disorders were significantlymore prevalent among children and adolescents in urban areas compared to rural places (2.9% vs. 8.1; p&lt;0.001). The most prevalent category was anxiety disorders (15%). Also, the most common disorders were specific phobia (7%), separation anxiety disorder (6.3%), and enuresis (5.2%). The most common comorbid disorders were mood disorders and anxiety disorders (56.3%), followed by anxiety disorders and elimination disorders (32.1%). ConclusionPsychiatric conditions are prevalent in children and adolescents living in Khuzestanian. The study’s findings have important implications for providing effective psychiatric services. &nbsp; &nbsp

The Effect of Four Months of Core Stability Training on Femoral Bone Mineral Density and Lower Extremity Muscles Strength in Postmenopausal Women

Background: Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease associated with a gradual decline of bone density, as well as a characteristic reduction of bone rigidity and an increased risk of fractures. This study aimed to investigate the effects of four months of core stability training on the bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur neck and lower extremity muscles strength in postmenopausal women. &nbsp;Methods: This study was an interventional semi-experimental one designed with a pre-test/post-test approach. Overall, 30 postmenopausal women aged 48 to 58 years were purposefully selected and then randomly divided into two groups of core stability exercise (weight= 70.73 ± 12.57 Kg) and control (weight= 77.86 ± 7.19 Kg) groups. The participants of the core stability group performed the exercise protocol three times a week for four months. These exercises consisted of five levels, and based on the gradual progress principle, their intensity was gradually increased over the four months during the study. The participants of the control group did not perform any exercise during the study. The BMD of the dominant femur neck was measured by a Dexa device, and the flexor and external rotator strength of the hip was measured by a manual dynamometer. Data analysis was performed applying paired and independent-sample t-test in SPSS23 software. The significant level was set at 0.05. Results: The results of paired samples t-test showed that the BMD of the femur neck significantly increased in the core stability group (Pvalue=0.001) and significantly decreased in the control group (Pvalue=0.045) at the post-test compared to the pre-test. Also in intra-group comparison, the flexor and external rotator strength of the hip significantly were increased in the core stability group (Pvalue=0.001 and 0.001, respectively). While there was not such a significant change in the control group. On the other hand, based on the results of the independent samples t-test, the femur neck BMD (Pvalue=0.007) and the flexor and external rotator strength of the hip (Pvalue=0.001 and 0.001, respectively) significantly increased in the core stability compared to the control group. Conclusions: According to the results, it seems that core stability exercises can be suggested to postmenopausal women as an effective strategy for osteogenic bone behavior and reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Keywords: Core stability training, Femur bone mineral density, Lower extremity muscles strength, Postmenopausal wome

Survey On Methanol Poisoning Epidemic in Rafsanjan City in Year 2013

Background: Examination and early detection of the methanol toxicity epidemic are very important, so identification and initiation of appropriate therapy can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigation methanol poisoning epidemic in  Rafsanjan city.Methods: This case series study was conducted in 252 patients with methanol poisoning in 2013 in the Ali-ibn-Abi-Talib hospital of Rafsanjan. Data were through interviews and records that were collected at hospital admission. Due to the large number of patients and the possible lack of ability of rapid measurement of serum levels of methanol and need of rapid intervention, treatment to reduce any further complications, early diagnosis and treatment were carried out by clinical history and interpretation of arterial blood gas test results. Data record on provided checklists and then analyzed using SPSS version 19.Results: The mean pH was 0.13±7.27. The most frequent clinical features were visual disturbances (39.7%), dyspnea (1.2%), and gastrointestinal symptoms (7.1%). There was a trend towards decreasing PCO2 with decreasing pH amongst the patients surviving. The opposite trend was demonstrated in the dying; the difference was highly significant by linear regression analyses (P&lt; 0.001).Conclusions: Methanol poisoning still has a high morbidity and mortality, mainly because of late diagnosis and treatment. Respiratory arrest, coma and severe metabolic acidosis upon admission were strong predictors of poor outcome. Early admission and ability of respiratory compensation of metabolic acidosis were associated with survival

A new homatropine potentiometric membrane sensor as a useful device for homatropine hydrobromide analysis in pharmaceutical formulation and urine: a computational study

Homatropine (Equipin, Isopto Homatropine) is an anticholinergic medication that inhibits muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and thus the parasympathetic nervous system. It is available as the hydrobromide or methylbromide salt. In this study, a potentiometric liquid membrane sensor for simple and fast determination of homatropine hydrobromide in pharmaceutical formulation and urine was constructed. For the membrane preparation, homatropine-tetraphenylborate complexes were employed as electroactive materials in the membrane. The proposed sensor presents wide linear range (10-5-10-1 mol L-1), low detection limit (8&#215;10-6 mol L-1), and fast response time (ca. 10 s). Validation of the method shows suitability of the sensors for applicability in the quality control analysis of homatropine hydrobromide in pharmaceutical formulation and urine

Diarrhea deaths in children among countries with different levels of the human development index

The present study investigated the effect of human development index (HDI) on diarrheal deaths per 1000 live births in children under 5 years old in 2015. In addition, the association between HDI, and the use of improved drinking-water sources and sanitation facilities were evaluated in this year. 75 countries that their information was available in Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS) conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO) were included in this study. The data required was obtained from WHO and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) websites. Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to evaluate the correlation and association between the variables, respectively. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between HDI and diarrhea-associated deaths per 1000 live births in children during 2015 (B = -354.85, CI95%: -408.91, -300.79). In addition, HDI was associated with the use of improved drinking-water sources (B = 83.93, CI95%: 64.71, 103.15) and improved sanitation facilities (B = 199.90, CI95%: 174.39, 225.42) in 2015. These findings indicate the association between HDI and the measures relevant to diarrheal disease among children. Therefore, in order to achieve to the Millennium Development Goals regarding child health, policy-makers should concentrate on environmental and social factors affecting health

Cytomegalovirus infection and risk of preeclampsia: A meta-analysis of observational studies

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common infectious diseases in pregnant women in terms of global impact and is related with many adverse health consequences during pregnancy. For the first time, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis study to evaluate the possible association between CMV infection and preeclampsia (PE). Methods: A comprehensive literature search to identify the relevant papers published earlier than February 2018 was performed in PubMed, ISI (Web of Science), Google Scholar and SCOPUS databases. We followed the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) guidelines for design, analysis and interpretation of results. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis model. Heterogeneity was assessed with Q-test and I2 statistics. Results: A total of 13 studies including 6158 pregnant women (2734 women with PE and 3424 healthy controls) met the eligibility criteria. The results of meta-analyses based on PCR (OR: 3.09; 95% CI:0.72–13.24; I2=57.3%), IgG-ELISA (OR: 1.24; 95% CI:0.83–1.85; I2=71%) and IgM-ELISA (OR: 1.04; 95% CI:0.66–1.65; I2=0.0%) demonstrated that CMV infection could not be a potential risk factor for PE. Conclusions: In conclusion, results of the present study demonstrated that CMV infection could not be a potential risk for developing PE. More epidemiological and experimental studies are needed to investigate the impact of CMV infection on the development of PE