Political Aspects of the U.S. Supreme Court Justices Nomination Process

Katedra politologieDepartment of Political ScienceFaculty of Social SciencesFakulta sociálních vě

The position of the Supreme Court in the American political system and the significance of its decision-making for the political procedure in the USA.

The thesis "Role of the U.S. Supreme Court in American system of government and the importance of Court's decisions for the political process in the United States of America" deals with the institutional role U.S. Supreme Court has in American system of government and puts emphasis on Court's decisions and their practical consequences on the politics in the United States. In history of the country the Court was an influential decision-making body on many occasions. Although shortly after the federation was established many intended to put the Court in position where weak powers given to it would not enable the institution to fully play its role of the guardian that keeps an eye on the constitutionality of adopted laws, at the beginning of the 19th century the Court found its place and became exactly what it was originally intended to be. Decision in Marbury v. Madison gained the Court the crucial power of judicial review. The power of judicial review completely changed the role of the institution that finally became the guardian of the Constitution. This thesis outlines the institutional position of the judicial branch and especially the position of the Supreme Court in American system of government. It also focuses on the political aspects of the nomination process of Supreme Court Justices and..

The position of the Supreme Court in the American political system and the significance of its decision-making for the political procedure in the USA.

The thesis "Role of the U.S. Supreme Court in American system of government and the importance of Court's decisions for the political process in the United States of America" deals with the institutional role U.S. Supreme Court has in American system of government and puts emphasis on Court's decisions and their practical consequences on the politics in the United States. In history of the country the Court was an influential decision-making body on many occasions. Although shortly after the federation was established many intended to put the Court in position where weak powers given to it would not enable the institution to fully play its role of the guardian that keeps an eye on the constitutionality of adopted laws, at the beginning of the 19th century the Court found its place and became exactly what it was originally intended to be. Decision in Marbury v. Madison gained the Court the crucial power of judicial review. The power of judicial review completely changed the role of the institution that finally became the guardian of the Constitution. This thesis outlines the institutional position of the judicial branch and especially the position of the Supreme Court in American system of government. It also focuses on the political aspects of the nomination process of Supreme Court Justices and..

The removal of COD, AOX and color in wastewaters from the production of dyestuffes and intermediates

Snižování CHSK, barevnosti a AOX v odpadních vodách z výrob barviv a polotovarů pomocí oxidačních metod a adsorpce.Ústav ochrany životního prostředíDokončená práce s úspěšnou obhajobo

Rychlá diferenciace efedrinu a pseudoefedrinu metodou diferenciální mobilitní spektrometrie

The work deals with fast differentiation of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine using differential mobility spectrometry. Each target molecule appears at a specific compensation voltage under fixed radiofrequency voltage which enables differentiation of measured narcotics. Compensation voltage of product ion peak at fixed radiofrequency of 1480 V were -4.89 V for pseudoephedrine and -3.02 V for ephedrine. Calculation of specific alpha coefficients (α2 and α4) using averaging and least squares method to obtain alpha shapes of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine was performed. Differential mobility spectrometry has proved to be a useful analytical technique for differentiation of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in 100 s.Tato práce se zabývá rychlou diferenciací efedrinu a pseudoefedrinu pomocí diferenciální mobilitní spektrometrie. Každá cílová molekula se objeví při specifickém kompenzačním napětí při fixním radiofrekvenčním napětí, což umožňuje diferenciaci měřených narkotik. Kompenzační napětí píků produktových iontů při fixní radiofrekvenci 1480 V byl-4,89 V pro pseudoefedrin a 3,02 V pro efedrin. Byl proveden výpočet specifických alfa koeficientů (α2 a α4) pomocí průměrování a metody nejmenších čtverců pro získání tvarů alfa pro efedrin a pseudoefesdrin. Diferenciální mobilitní spektrometrie se ukázala být užitečnou analytickou technikou pro diferenciaci efedrinu a pseudoefedrinu během 100 s

Charakterizace narkotik pomocí diferenciální mobilitní spektrometrie

The topic of this work is the use of differential mobility spectrometry for the characterization of narcotics. Studies were performed for amphetamine, methamphetamine, ketamine, heroin, and cocaine dissolved in methanol. Each target molecule appears at a specific compensation voltage under a fixed value of radiofrequency (RF) voltage. Values of compensation voltage of product ion peak at RF = 1480 V for cocaine, heroin, ketamine, methamphetamine, and amphetamine at 110 degrees C appears at 3.33, 2.43, 2.12, -0.56, and -4.9 V, respectively. Nonlinear function curves were used for graphical differentiation of measured narcotics. This study also deals with the effects of temperature on peak position in differential mobility spectra. This rapidly developed method allows characterization of five illicit drugs in 100 s.Tématem této práce je využití diferenciální mobilitní spektrometrie pro charakterizaci narkotik. Studie byly zaměřeny na amfetamin, metamfetamin, ketamin, heroin an kokain rozpuštěné v methanolu. Každá z těchto sledovaných sloučenin se zobrazuje při jiném kompenzačním napětí při konstantní hodnotě radiofrekvenčního napětí (RF). Hodnoty kompenzačního napětí píku produktového iontu při RF = 1480 V a 110 °C se nacházely u 3,33 pro kokain, 2,43 pro heroin, 2,12 pro ketamin, -0,56 pro metamfetamin a -4,9 pro amfetamin. Pro grafickou diferenciaci studovaných narkotik byly použity nelineární regresní křivky. Tato studie se rovněž zabývá vlivem teploty na pozici píku v diferenciálním mobilitním spektru. Tato rychle vyvinutá metoda umožňuje charakterizaci pěti nelegálních drog během 100 s

CharakterizaceJWH-250 pomocí diferenciální mobilitní spektrometrie

Synthetic cannabinoids belongs to major class of novel drugs. This large class of chemically distinct compounds are functionally similar to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and mimic the effects of marijuana when smoked. However, structurally, they are different and include several chemicals such as cyclohexylphenols (CP 47,497), classical cannabinoids (HU-210), naphthoylindoles (JWH-018, JWH-073) or benzoylindoles (JWH-250). JWH-250 is illegally marketed within “herbal blend” for his psychoactive effects greater than those produced by Cannabis. In this work, we used differential mobility spectrometry for rapid analysis of JWH-250. Comparison of least squares and averaging was demonstrated for precise calculation of alpha coefficients.Syntetické kanabinoidy patří do hlavní skupiny nových drog. Tato velká skupina chemických sloučenin je funkčně podobná delta-9-tetrahydrokanabinolu (Δ9-THC) a s podobnými účinky jako při kouření marihuany. Avšak po strukturní stránce jsou jiné, přičemž zahrnují několik chemikálií, jako jsou cyklohexylfenoly (CP47,497), klasické kanabinoidy (HU-210), naftoylindoly (JWH-018, JWH-073) nebo benzoylindoly (JWH-250). JWH-250 je ilegálně uváděné na trh jako bylinná směs pro jeho psychoaktivní účinky větší než by způsobilo konopí. V této práci jsme použili diferenciální mobilitní spektrometrii pro rychlou analýzu JWH-250. Pro přesný výpočet alfa koeficientů byl demonstrován postup založený na porovnání nejmenších čtverců a průměrování