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From, the invesigations on the changes in distribution of herbaceous and trees and their quantity, three vegatation zones were recognized, viz. Pieris japonica-Sasa nipponica-Asarum nipponicum Ass., Quercus serrata-Clethra barbinervis Ass. and Symplocos chinensis v. leucocarpa-Acer rufinerve-Para-benzoin trilobum Ass. Pieris japonica-Sasa-Asarum Ass. is caused by growing in groups of sixteenth types, viz. Clethra barbinervis-Sasa nipponica type, Clethra barbinervis-Pieris japonica type, Quercus serrata-Clethra barbinervis type, Quercus serrata-Parabenzoin trilobum type, Pieris japonica type, Pieris japonica-Sasa nipponica type, Pieris japonica-Ilex pedunculosa type, Pourthiaea villosa v. laevis-Pieris japonica type, Sasa nipponica type, Sasa-wither type, Pourthiaea villosa v. laevis-Quercus serrata-Sasa nipponica type, Ilex pedunculosa-Ilex crennata type, Quercus serrata-Sasa nipponica type, Miscanthus sinensis type, Sasa nipponica-Miscanthus sinensis type and Carex siderosticta type

Training effect of a virtual auditory game on sound localization ability of the visually impaired

Presented at the 11th International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2005)It is essential for a visually impaired person to correctly identify the position of a sound source because such identification enables him/her to recognize his/her surroundings, including obstacles. We developed training equipment to help the visually impaired to improve their ability to identify the position of a sound source by applying a auditory display technique. Training for ten days with the system was conducted. As a result, the ability to identify a sound source position was improved

Evolution of the Reaction and Alteration of Mudstone with Ordinary Portland Cement Leachates: Sequential Flow Experiments and Reactive-Transport Modelling

The construction of a repository for geological disposal of radioactive waste will include the use of cement-based materials. Following closure, groundwater will saturate the repository and the extensive use of cement will result in the development of a highly alkaline porewater, pH > 12.5; this fluid will migrate into and react with the host rock. The chemistry of the fluid will evolve over time, initially high [Na] and [K], evolving to a Ca-rich fluid, and finally returning to the groundwater composition. This evolving chemistry will affect the long-term performance of the repository, altering the physical and chemical properties, including radionuclide behaviour. Understanding these changes forms the basis for predicting the long-term evolution of the repository. This study focused on the determination of the nature and extent of the chemical reaction, as well as the formation and persistence of secondary mineral phases within a mudstone, comparing data from sequential flow experiments with the results of reactive transport modelling. The reaction of the mudstone with the cement leachates resulted in small changes in pH with the precipitation of calcium aluminium silicate hydrate (C-(A-)S-H) phases of varying compositions. As the system evolves, secondary C-(A-)S-H phases re-dissolve and are replaced by secondary carbonates. This general sequence was successfully simulated using reactive transport modelling

Evolution of the Reaction and Alteration of Granite with Ordinary Portland Cement Leachates: Sequential Flow Experiments and Reactive Transport Modelling

The construction of a repository for the geological disposal of radioactive waste will include the use of cement-based materials. Following closure, groundwater will saturate the repository, and the extensive use of cement will result in the development of a highly alkaline porewater, pH > 12.5; this fluid will migrate into and react with the host rock. The chemistry of the fluid will evolve over time, initially with high Na and K concentrations, evolving to a Ca-rich fluid, and finally returning to the natural background groundwater composition. This evolving chemistry will affect the long-term performance of the repository, altering the physical and chemical properties, including radionuclide behaviour. Understanding these changes forms the basis for predicting the long-term evolution of the repository. This study focused on the determination of the nature and extent of the chemical reaction, as well as the formation and persistence of secondary mineral phases within a granite, comparing data from sequential flow experiments with the results of reactive transport modelling. The reaction of the granite with the cement leachates resulted in small changes in pH and the precipitation of calcium aluminium silicate hydrate (C-(A-)S-H) phases of varying compositions, of greatest abundance with the Ca-rich fluid. As the system evolved, secondary C-(A-)S-H phases redissolved, partly replaced by zeolites. This general sequence was successfully simulated using reactive transport modelling

Evolution of the Reaction and Alteration of Granite with Ordinary Portland Cement Leachates: Sequential Flow Experiments and Reactive Transport Modelling

The construction of a repository for the geological disposal of radioactive waste will include the use of cement-based materials. Following closure, groundwater will saturate the repository, and the extensive use of cement will result in the development of a highly alkaline porewater, pH > 12.5; this fluid will migrate into and react with the host rock. The chemistry of the fluid will evolve over time, initially with high Na and K concentrations, evolving to a Ca-rich fluid, and finally returning to the natural background groundwater composition. This evolving chemistry will affect the long-term performance of the repository, altering the physical and chemical properties, including radionuclide behaviour. Understanding these changes forms the basis for predicting the long-term evolution of the repository. This study focused on the determination of the nature and extent of the chemical reaction, as well as the formation and persistence of secondary mineral phases within a granite, comparing data from sequential flow experiments with the results of reactive transport modelling. The reaction of the granite with the cement leachates resulted in small changes in pH and the precipitation of calcium aluminium silicate hydrate (C-(A-)S-H) phases of varying compositions, of greatest abundance with the Ca-rich fluid. As the system evolved, secondary C-(A-)S-H phases redissolved, partly replaced by zeolites. This general sequence was successfully simulated using reactive transport modelling