On the Extensions of Single Valued Continuous and Set Valued Usc Maps

We show that two main theorems: (1) A regular space Y has a complete sequence if and only if the set valued usco map to Y defined on every dense set D of any space X has an usco extension over a G&#948;-set in X containing D. (2) A regular space Y with a G&#948;-diagonal has a complete sequence if and only if the single valued continuous map to Y defined on every dense set D of any space X has a continuous extension over a G&#948;-set in X containing D.</p

Phenotype and genotype characterization of Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume Orchid Transformant Harboring Construct UBI::Cas9::U3::PDS3

Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume is an Indonesian national “Flower of Charm” (“Puspa Pesona”), an ornamental plant that by using genetic engineering we could improve the flower quality. In this study, Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system was used to edit the orchid genome more specific and precisely. Twelve months old putative transgenic plants originated from protocorm like bodies (PLBs) transformation harboring the T-DNA construct UBI::Cas9::U3::PDS3/plasmid pRGEB32. Proofing for the putative transformant plants were stably harboring the T-DNA constructs were conducted by genotype and phenotype characterization. The purpose of this study was to characterize genotypically and phenotypically the putative transformant of P. amabilis harboring T-DNA constructs UBI::Cas9::U3::PDS3 compared to non-transformant. Genotype characterization was carried out by detecting the integration of T-DNA harboring UBI::Cas9::U3::PDS3 on the P. amabilis genome using several primers for HPT, Cas9, PDS3 and trnL-F (internal control primers). Phenotype analysis was carried out by observing and analyzing chlorophyll content using spectrophotometric methods. The results showed that genome of putative P. amabilis transformant age 12 months could be amplified by the primers. Phenotypic analysis of P. amabilis transformant showed a change in plant color from green to pale (albino) with lower chlorophyll content compared to non-transformant. This indicates that the CRISPR/Cas9 technology is able to edit the genome of orchids. Keywords: Chlorophyll, CRISPR/Cas9, orchid, Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume, PHYTOENE DESATURASE 3 (PDS3), Transformant.Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume adalah tanaman hias “Puspa Pesona Indonesia” yang dapat ditingkatkan kualitasnya dengan teknik rekayasa genetika. Transformasi genetik dengan perantara Agrobacterium tumefaciens dan CRISPR/Cas9 digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk pengeditan genom secara lebih spesifik dan presisi pada target sekuen gen PHYTOENE DESATURASE3 (PDS3) yaitu gen yang berperan penting pada biosintesis kloroplas. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan tanaman transforman umur 12 bulan yang ditumbuhkan dari protokorm yang telah diintegrasi dengan T-DNA pembawa konstruksi UBI::Cas9::U3::PDS3/plasmid pRGEB32. Pembuktian tanaman transforman tersebut masih mengandung konstruksi T-DNA tersebut perlu dilakukan, yaitu dengan karakterisasi secara genotipe dan fenotipe. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkarakterisasi P. amabilis transforman pembawa T-DNA dengan konstruksi UBI::Cas9::U3::PDS3 secara genotip dan fenotip dibandingkan dengan P. amabilis non-transforman. Karakterisasi genotipe dilakukan dengan mendeteksi integrasi T-DNA pembawa konstruksi UBI::Cas9::U3::PDS3 pada genom anggrek P. amabilis menggunakan beberapa primer yaitu HPT, Cas9, PDS3 dan trnL-F (primer kontrol internal). Analisis karakter fenotipe dilakukan dengan pengamatan morfologi dan analisis kadar klorofil menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genom anggrek P. amabilis transforman pembawa konstruksi UBI::Cas9::U3::PDS3 umur 12 bulan dapat teramplifikasi oleh semua primer. Analisis fenotipe P. amabilis transforman menunjukkan adanya perubahan warna tanaman dari hijau menjadi albino dengan kadar klorofil lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan P. amabilis non-transforman. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa teknologi CRISPR/Cas9 dapat digunakan untuk mengedit genom tanaman anggrek. Kata kunci: Anggrek, CRISPR/Cas9, klorofil, Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume, PHYTOENE DESATURASE 3 (PDS3), Transforma

Simultaneous recovery of high-purity copper and polyvinyl chloride from thin electric cables by plasticizer extraction and ball milling

Herein, we introduce a combination of plasticizer extraction from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and ball milling for the simultaneous, effective recovery of PVC and copper (Cu) from thin electric cables. PVC coverings typically contain plasticizers for flexibility. As such, PVC cables become brittle after plasticizer extraction, causing them to be easily crushed by physical impact. Hence, we extracted the plasticizers from the PVC coverings of electric cables using organic solvents, and then crushed the obtained cable samples by ball milling. The influences of the plasticizer extraction yield and PVC morphologies before and after extraction on separation by ball milling were investigated. After a series of treatments to PVC coverings including quantitatively de-plasticizing for 5 h by Soxhlet-extraction in diethyl ether, 6 h ball milling and 1 h shaking in the sieve shaker, a maximum separation rate of 77% was achieved and the purity of the obtained separated Cu reached >99.8%

Selective phenol recovery via simultaneous hydrogenation/ dealkylation of isopropyl- and isopropenyl-phenols employing an H2 generator combined with tandem micro-reactor GC/MS

Abstract The pyrolysis of bisphenol A (BPA), an essential process ingredient used in industry and many everyday life products, helps produce low-industrial-demand chemicals such as isopropenyl- and isopropyl-phenols (IPP and iPrP). In this study, tandem micro-reactor gas chromatography/mass spectrometry combined with an H2 generator (H2-TR-GC/MS) was employed for the first time to investigate the selective recovery of phenol via simultaneous hydrogenation/dealkylation of IPP and iPrP. After investigating the iPrP dealkylation performances of several zeolites, we obtained full iPrP conversion with over 99% phenol selectivity using the Y-zeolite at 350 °C. In contrast, when applied to IPP, the zeolite acid centres caused IPP polymerisation and subsequent IPP-polymer cracking, resulting in many byproducts and reduced phenol selectivity. This challenge was overcome by the addition of 0.3 wt% Ni on the Y-zeolite (0.3Ni/Y), which enabled the hydrogenation of IPP into iPrP and subsequent dealkylation into phenol (full IPP conversion with 92% phenol selectivity). Moreover, the catalyst deactivation and product distribution over repetitive catalytic use were successfully monitored using the H2-TR-GC/MS system. We believe that the findings presented herein could allow the recovery of phenol-rich products from polymeric waste with BPA macro skeleton

Craniomaxillofacial Fibrous Dysplasia Improved Cosmetic and Occlusal Problem by Comprehensive Treatment: A Case Report and Review of Current Treatments

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a fibrous lesion of immature bone, with an incidence of 10-20% in the head and neck region. Most cases are monostotic, but when a lesion occurs on the maxillofacial region and spreads to the surrounding bone, it is classified as polyostotic, despite its localized occurrence. In some cases, surgical intervention is required to improve the cosmetic or functional disturbance of a FD in the maxillofacial region, but it is necessary to confirm symmetry of the maxillofacial region in real time, and a surgical support system is required to compensate. Furthermore, prosthetic intervention is considered when postoperative acquired defects occur or further cosmetic or occlusal function improvement is needed. A comprehensive approach by an oral surgeon and a maxillofacial prosthodontist is necessary for the successful treatment and rehabilitation of such patients. In this article, we describe the case of a craniomaxillofacial FD patient with facial asymmetry and denture incompatibility with improved quality of life measures by integrating surgical treatment using a navigation system and postoperative prosthetic rehabilitation. We also discuss recent diagnostic methods and treatment strategies for craniomaxillofacial FD in the literature

Application of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system for molecular breeding of orchids

Orchid is an important ornamental plant in Indonesia due to their natural beauty of flowers. In the tropical forest, orchids are being acquired for trading and commercial market. Thus, the effort is required to proliferate orchid in large quantities for conservation and improve the floral variation for plant breeding. The purpose of this study is to develop a firmed methodology of molecular breeding of orchids using CRISPR/Cas9 KO system. The plant material used was Phalaenopsis amabilis protocorms growth on NP medium+pepton (2 g/L). Protocorm were submerged in the culture of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that Ti‐plasmid had been filled with a T‐DNA construct of a pRGEB32 vector harboring sgRNA with PDS3 sequence. Detection for transformants was confirmed by PCR using HPT primers (545 bp), Cas9 primers (402 bp), PDS primers (280 bp) and trnL‐F (1200 bp) as an internal control. The results showed that 0.96% PDS transformants were obtained from PDS3T2 lines. Several transformant showed pale leaf color compared to non‐transformant plants. This study suggests that the target gene has successfully edited by CRISPR/Cas9 system and could be applied for that functional gene editing in orchids

Ectopic Breast Cancer Arising within an Axillary Lymph Node

We report our experience with the diagnosis and treatment of an ectopic breast cancer arising within an axillary lymph node. The patient was a 65-year-old woman diagnosed breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis. We performed a partial mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. Postoperative pathology revealed no malignant lesions in the breast; however, a nodule in one of axillary lymph nodes had mixed benign and malignant components, leading to a diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma derived from ectopic mammary tissue. This case represents a very rare form of breast cancer, and the malignancy was difficult to distinguish from metastasis

Efficient overall water splitting in acid with anisotropic metal nanosheets

超高効率な水の電気分解を実現するナノシート状合金触媒を開発 --再生可能エネルギーによる水素社会実現へ大きく貢献--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2021-02-17.Water is the only available fossil-free source of hydrogen. Splitting water electrochemically is among the most used techniques, however, it accounts for only 4% of global hydrogen production. One of the reasons is the high cost and low performance of catalysts promoting the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, we report a highly efficient catalyst in acid, that is, solid-solution Ru‒Ir nanosized-coral (RuIr-NC) consisting of 3 nm-thick sheets with only 6 at.% Ir. Among OER catalysts, RuIr-NC shows the highest intrinsic activity and stability. A home-made overall water splitting cell using RuIr-NC as both electrodes can reach 10 mA cm−2geo at 1.485 V for 120 h without noticeable degradation, which outperforms known cells. Operando spectroscopy and atomic-resolution electron microscopy indicate that the high-performance results from the ability of the preferentially exposed {0001} facets to resist the formation of dissolvable metal oxides and to transform ephemeral Ru into a long-lived catalyst

Novel functional anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies with potent anti-cancer effects on various human epithelial cancers

Resistance of progressive cancers against chemotherapy is a serious clinical problem. In this context, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) can play important roles in drug resistance to HER1- and HER2- targeted therapies. Since clinical testing of anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) such as patritumab could not show remarkable effect compared with existing drugs, we generated novel mAbs against anti-HER3. Novel rat mAbs reacted with HEK293 cells expressing HER3, but not with cells expressing HER1, HER2 or HER4. Specificity of mAbs was substantiated by the loss of mAb binding with knockdown by siRNA and knockout of CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing. Analyses of CDR sequence and germline segment have revealed that seven mAbs are classified to four groups, and the binding of patritumab was inhibited by one of seven mAbs. Seven mAbs have shown reactivity with various human epithelial cancer cells, strong internalization activity of cell-surface HER3, and inhibition of NRG1 binding, NRG1-dependent HER3 phosphorylation and cell growth. Anti-HER3 mAbs were also reactive with in vivo tumor tissues and cancer tissue-originated spheroid. Ab4 inhibited in vivo tumor growth of human colon cancer cells in nude mice. Present mAbs may be superior to existing anti-HER3 mAbs and support existing anti-cancer therapeutic mAbs