Effect of Garlic Juice on Quality Changes of Oyster (Crassostrea Belcheri) Meat During Chilled Storage

Surat-thani oyster, a big and thin-shell bivalve mollusks, has been registered as Geographical Indicators, GI, as its good taste and delicacy as well as nutritious. Eaten style is raw then there is high risk to face with some disease as oyster is filter feeder. Physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory qualities after the oyster meat treated with the garlic juice at 0, 2 and 3 ml, respectively were monitored. Though initial pH of the control, untreated with garlic juice, was higher compared with the sample treated with 3 ml garlic juice, pH of it (control) was significantly lower (p5) at the end of the storag

Data_Sheet_1_Measuring L2 Essay Rating Strategy: Scale Development and Preliminary Validation.doc

<p>Given the lack of an L2 essay rating strategy scale, this study aims to develop and evaluate an instrument measuring College English Test Band 4 (CET4) essay raters' rating strategy. 14 raters were first invited to mark 10 mock essays while conducting think-aloud in order to generate a pool of scale items. After piloted on three raters, the initial version of the questionnaire including 28 items was established, among which 22 items were related with cognitive strategies (CS) and the rest meta-cognitive strategies (MCS). Then it was administered to a sample of 450 raters in four marking centers around China. Item-total correlation, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and reliability analysis were conducted to evaluate its psychometric properties. It was found that the final version contained 12 items, and the four-factor solution (Self-evaluate, Decide, Diagnose, and Compare) could explain 59.92% of the total variance. Cronbach's Alpha reached 0.73 for the whole questionnaire. The results suggest that the instrument has acceptable reliability and adequate validity.</p

Emission of Phthalates and Phthalate Alternatives from Vinyl Flooring and Crib Mattress Covers: The Influence of Temperature

Emissions of phthalates and phthalate alternatives from vinyl flooring and crib mattress covers were measured in a specially designed chamber. The gas-phase concentrations versus time were measured at four different temperatures, that is, 25, 36, 45, and 55 °C. The key parameter that controls the emissions (y₀, gas-phase concentration in equilibrium with the material phase) was determined, and the emissions were found to increase significantly with increasing temperature. Both the material-phase concentration (<i>C</i>₀) and the chemical vapor pressure (<i>V</i>_p) were found to have great influence on the value of <i>y</i>₀. The measured ratios of <i>C</i>₀ to <i>y</i>₀ were exponentially proportional to the reciprocal of temperature, in agreement with the van’t Hoff equation. A emission model was validated at different temperatures, with excellent agreement between model calculations and chamber observations. In residential homes, an increase in the temperature from 25 to 35 °C can elevate the gas-phase concentration of phthalates by more than a factor of 10, but the total airborne concentration may not increase that much for less volatile compounds. In infant sleep microenvironments, an increase in the temperature of mattress can cause a significant increase in emission of phthalates from the mattress cover and make the concentration in the infant’s breathing zone about four times higher than that in the bulk room air, resulting in potentially high exposure

Aksjeselskapers rettigheter etter EMK

Avhandlingen dreier seg om aksjeselskapers mulighet til å påberope seg menneskerettighetene som følger av den europeiske menneskerettighetskonvensjonen (EMK) og tilleggsprotokollene. Den tar for det første for seg aksjeselskapers adgang til å opptre som klager i EMD, nærmere bestemt aksjeselskapers partsevne. For det andre undersøker avhandlingen hvilke menneskerettigheter som gir aksjeselskapers vern. I den sammenheng drøftes særlig retten til en rettferdig rettergang, vernet om privatliv, hjem og korrespondanse, ytringsfriheten, forsamlings- og foreningsfriheten, diskrimineringsforbudet og vernet om eiendomsretten. Avhandlingen søker å kartlegge EMDs holding til klager fra aksjeselskaper og juridiske personer generelt, og bygger derfor i all hovedsak på rettspraksis fra konvensjonsorganene sammenholdt med konvensjonsteksten

sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848221123980 – Supplemental material for Association of oral microbiome and pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tag-10.1177_17562848221123980 for Association of oral microbiome and pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Mengyao Yuan, Ying Xu and Zhimin Guo in Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology</p

Genome wide prediction of Pho regulons in the 19 sequenced cyanobacterial genomes

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Computational prediction of Pho regulons in cyanobacteria"</p><p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/8/156</p><p>BMC Genomics 2007;8():156-156.</p><p>Published online 8 Jun 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC1906773.</p><p></p> Green lines represent the probability (( > )) that putative three tandem Pho boxes found in the promoter region of an operon (,..., ) have a score greater than (is a positive number); blue lines represent the probability (( > )) that putative three tandem Pho boxes found in a randomly chosen coding region with the same length as have a score greater than (is a positive number); Red lines represent the log-odds ratio function defined as () = ln(( > )/( > )). The doted vertical line in each panel shows the value of , such that ( > ) ) is also used to estimate the value

The Last Universal Common Ancestor: emergence, constitution and genetic legacy of an elusive forerunner-0

Rs of the three Domains (and perhaps of many other ones, presumably abortive). (A) The "sprouting tuber" analogy [], illustrated by Juan Miro's "Potato" [Copyright: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York, USA. The Potato (1928) by Joan Miró (Spanish, 1893–1983). Oil on canvas; 39 3/4 × 32 1/8 in. (101 × 81.6 cm). Jacques and Natasha Gelman Collection, 1998 (1999.363.50). 2000 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/ADAGP, Paris]; (B) Progression from the inorganic to self-replicating entities via a qualitative jump to complexity by catalytic closure, and further to cells with a DNA genome. The diagram illustrates the proposition that viruses originate from a cellular precursor [] and that viruses are responsible for the RNA-DNA transition in Bacteria on one side and Archaea/Eukarya on the other [,,]. The exact branching order is not specified (see [,] and text). See text for details of the sn1,2→sn2,3 lipids transition. The onset and course of the reductive evolution leading to Archaea or Bacteria are not indicated in detail. We conceive of this process as having occurred in several steps, more a succession of evolutionary crises than a gradual transformation; it involved the emergence of cells with membranes fully competent in electron-transport-driven energy harnessing and the RNA-DNA transition.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "The Last Universal Common Ancestor: emergence, constitution and genetic legacy of an elusive forerunner"</p><p>http://www.biology-direct.com/content/3/1/29</p><p>Biology Direct 2008;3():29-29.</p><p>Published online 9 Jul 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2478661.</p><p></p

Bioinformatic analysis of an unusual gene-enzyme relationship in the arginine biosynthetic pathway among marine gamma proteobacteria: implications concerning the formation of N-acetylated intermediates in prokaryotes-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Bioinformatic analysis of an unusual gene-enzyme relationship in the arginine biosynthetic pathway among marine gamma proteobacteria: implications concerning the formation of N-acetylated intermediates in prokaryotes"</p><p>BMC Genomics 2006;7():4-4.</p><p>Published online 12 Jan 2006</p><p>PMCID:PMC1382215.</p><p>Copyright © 2006 Xu et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p

Combined-penalized likelihood estimations with a diverging number of parameters

<div><p>In the economics and biological gene expression study area where a large number of variables will be involved, even when the predictors are independent, as long as the dimension is high, the maximum sample correlation can be large. Variable selection is a fundamental method to deal with such models. The ridge regression performs well when the predictors are highly correlated and some nonconcave penalized thresholding estimators enjoy the nice oracle property. In order to provide a satisfactory solution to the collinearity problem, in this paper we report the combined-penalization (CP) mixed by the nonconcave penalty and ridge, with a diverging number of parameters. It is observed that the CP estimator with a diverging number of parameters can correctly select covariates with nonzero coefficients and can estimate parameters simultaneously in the presence of multicollinearity. Simulation studies and a real data example demonstrate the well performance of the proposed method.</p></div

Fate and Transport of Phthalates in Indoor Environments and the Influence of Temperature: A Case Study in a Test House

A case study in a test house was conducted to investigate the fate and transport of benzyl butyl phthalate (BBzP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in residential indoor environments and the influence of temperature. Total airborne concentrations of phthalates were sensitive to indoor temperatures, and their steady-state concentration levels increased by a factor of 3 with an increase in temperature from 21 to 30 °C. Strong sorption of phthalates was observed on interior surfaces, including dust, dish plates, windows, mirrors, fabric cloth, and wood. Equilibrium partitioning coefficients for phthalates adsorbed to these surfaces were determined, and their values decreased with increasing temperature. For impervious surfaces, dimensionless partitioning coefficients were calculated and found to be comparable to reported values of the octanol-air partition coefficients of phthalates, K_oa, suggesting that an organic film may develop on these surfaces. In addition, sorption kinetics was studied experimentally, and the equilibration time scale for impervious surfaces was found to be faster than that of fabric cloth. Finally, using an indoor fate model to interpret the measurement results, there was good agreement between model predictions and the observed indoor air concentrations of BBzP in the test house