Tägliche Aktivitäten berufstätiger Männer und Frauen sowie nicht berufstätiger Frauen in Ankara, Türkei

This study was conducted to compare the daily activities of working women, working men and the housewives. A total of 129 men, 133 women and 54 housewives were included in the study. All the participants were married and have at least one child less than 5 years of age. The working women and men were working at the same institution, and the housewives were the neighbors of the working women. Both the working women and the housewives spend more time than men on in-house activities such as cooking, cleaning, dishwashing or ironing and child care; whereas men usually take the responsibility of out-of-house activities such as shopping or following the government office activities, and planning of house budget. Nevertheless, compared to the housewives, the working women take more responsibility in planning the budget, read more books, participate in more social activities, but have less time for sleeping, resting and watching television.Ova je studija provedena kako bi se usporedile dnevne aktivnosti zaposlenih žena, zaposlenih muškaraca i kućanica. Ukupno 129 muškaraca, 133 žene i 54 kućanice bilo je uključeno u istraživanje. Svi su sudionici vjenčani i imaju bar jedno dijete mlađe od pet godina. Zaposlene žene i muškarci radili su u istoj ustanovi, a kućanice su bile susjede zaposlenim ženama. Utvrđeno je da i zaposlene žene i kućanice provode više vremena od muškaraca obavljajući kućanske poslove poput kuhanja, čišćenja, pranja posuđa ili glačanja te brinući o djeci; dok muškarci uglavnom preuzimaju odgovornost za poslove izvan kuće, kao što su kupovanje, rješavanje administrativnih poslova u uredima uprave i planiranje kućnog proračuna. No, u usporedbi s kućanicama, zaposlene žene preuzimaju više odgovornosti za planiranje kućnog proračuna, više čitaju knjige, više sudjeluju u društvenim aktivnostima, ali imaju manje vremena za spavanje, odmor i gledanje televizije.Diese Studie soll einen Vergleich zwischen den Tagesaktivitäten berufstätiger Frauen und Männer einerseits und den Aktivitäten von Hausfrauen andererseits ermöglichen. An der Untersuchung nahmen 129 berufstätige Männer, 133 berufstätige Frauen und 54 Hausfrauen teil. Alle Probanden waren verheiratet und hatten mindestens ein Kind im Alter bis zu fünf Jahren. Die berufstätigen Untersuchungsteilnehmer waren alle im selben Unternehmen beschäftigt; bei den Hausfrauen handelte es sich um Nachbarinnen der befragten berufstätigen Frauen. Es erwies sich, dass die Frauen beider Gruppen mehr Zeit mit Hausarbeiten wie Kochen, Putzen, Geschirrspülen und Bügeln sowie mit der Sorge um die Kinder zubringen als Männer. Die Männer übernehmen hauptsächlich außerhalb des Hauses anfallende Arbeiten wie Einkäufe und Behördengänge sowie Planung der Haushaltskasse. Hingegen im Vergleich zu den Hausfrauen übernehmen die berufstätigen Frauen mehr Verantwortung bei der Budgetplanung, lesen mehr Bücher und zeigen eine größere Teilnahme an gesellschaftlichen Aktivitäten. Dies bedeutet allerdings, dass sie weniger schlafen und weniger Zeit zum Entspannen und Fernsehen haben

Knowledge, Behaviors And Health Hazard Perception Among Turkish Narghile (Waterpipe)-Smokers Related To Narghile Smoking

Objective: Characteristics of narghile-smokers in Turkey have been under-investigated. In this study it was aimed to examine the knowledge, smoking patterns, and the perceptions of narghile-(Waterpipe) smokers in Turkey. Methodology: In this descriptive survey, the data was collected through a structured questionnaire. The questions focused on smoking patterns of narghile smokers who were the clients (n=460) of narghile cafes. The perceptions of participants were identified using a 10 point visual scale. Results: In all, 76.7% was male and 9.6% was younger than 18 years, and the mean duration of narghile smoking was 27.1 months. Peer influence ( 38.4%), and curiosity (18.4%) were the two most common reasons for starting narghile smoking. Aromatic narghile tobacco was preferred (86.3%) mostly, and 50.1% of them did not believe the addictive pattern of narghile smoking. One third of narghile smokers rated the negative health consequences of narghile smoking between 8.1 and 10 point on the visual scale versus 74.9% for cigarette. Conclusions: Interventions are needed to inform people in Turkey about the health hazards of narghile (Waterpipe) smoking.Wo

Evaluation Of Occupational Health Teaching Sessions For Final Year Medical Students

Objectives The study was conducted with the aim of evaluating applied occupational health teaching for final-year medical students at Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine. Methods The study included all sixth grade medical students (n=293) during one academic year. Pre- and post-training tests were used to assess the magnitude of change in knowledge and attitude of students on occupational health, whereas the opinion of students on several aspects of the quality of teaching sessions were assessed by using post-training questionnaires. Results Post-training tests revealed that the level of knowledge on all aspects of occupational health increased among medical students. An evaluation of the teaching sessions showed favorable results for the overall quality of the sessions: 81.3% of the students stated that the sessions were well organized, 81.7% remarked the workplace/factory visit was a valuable experience, and 91.0% stated feeling more competent on occupational health issues. Conclusion There was a greater increase in students' knowledge on technical precautions than their knowledge on issues related to medical practice in the workplace. Visiting a workplace was found to contribute to the overall aim of knowledge and attitude change on occupational health issues. The scope of undergraduate medical education should be extended by improving occupational health education with respect to educational content, duration, and methods.PubMedScopu

Evaluation Of The Dietary Habits, Body Images And Bmi Of Turkish University Students Who Live In Dormitory

Objectives: To determine the factors that influence the dietary habits, BMIs, and body images of students living in dormitory. Methodology: The study was performed in the Dormitory of Hacettepe University. Study population was 301 girl students. Data were collected by personal interviews; height and weight measurements were performed. Results: The mean age of 301 students enrolled in the study was 21.2 +/- 1.7 years. About 69.7% of the students were skipping at least one meal in most of the days. Studying and dormitory conditions had a heavier negative influence over medical school students than others (p < 0.05). Approximately four out of every 10 students had gone on a diet sometime while the underlying reason in 78.4% of those was to lose weight. According to the BMI values, 11.6% of them were underweight, 80.8% were normal, and 7.6% were overweight. 57.5%, 89.6%, and 12.8% of the students who described themselves as underweight, normal, and overweight, respectively, were found to define their actual condition. Conclusions: A dietary and nutritional counseling office within the framework of the Student Health Center, educating students on nutritional issues, and providing a dining hall service particularly for dinners, should help overcome dietary problems.Wo

Physicians' opinions about the causes of underreporting of occupational diseases

Occupational diseases cause an important burden on health and economy; however, they are substantially underestimated. We aimed to investigate the opinions of physicians about causes of underreporting of occupational diseases. We collected data with a questionnaire, listing 30 possible causes for underreporting of occupational diseases. 478 physicians participated in the study. The first 3 most frequent causes perceived as "very important" are; employers' perception of occupational safety and health services as a loss of revenue (64.9%), prevalent employment without a legal contract (64.6%), and prevalent employment as subcontracted (59.4%). 52.1% of the physicians worked or currently working as an occupational physician. With the increase of working year as an occupational physician, there was a statistically significant decrease in the strength of importance for 17 of the 30 statements. This finding may be one of the important causes of underreporting of occupational diseases

The Use of Social Network in Daily Pediatric Practice and Education: Turkish Pediatric Atelier

Using social media applications in pediatric education is not outdated, and its effectiveness has not been tested yet. For this reason, we shared the first results of the Pediatric Atelier experience that we realized through telegram application. We make an online survey to investigate the needs, requirements, pleasure, and suggestions of members through a web-based questionnaire. This cross-sectional survey study was delivered only to participants who were members of the workshop via their email addresses. Online questionnaires organized using Google Forms were sent to pediatric workshop members between March and June 2019. The questionnaire consisted of questions that measured the participants' basic demographic data, the use of the workshop, and the overall impact of the workshop on their professional behavior. While the institutions and positions of the participants were recorded, no other personal data (such as address and telephone) were collected. Among the 997 members, 417 (42%) of them answered the questionnaire. Respondents included 300 (72%) pediatrician, 21 (5%) pediatric subspeciality fellows, and 75 (18%) pediatric subspecialists. Of the 417 respondents, 217 (52%) were working in Istanbul, and 200 (48%) were working in other cities of Turkey. Among the responders, 233 (56%) were working in private hospitals or doctor offices. A total of 520 cases were consulted in 241 days of study period. Most consultations (n=309, %59) were made from the Istanbul metropolitan area, and 203 (40%) consultations were from other cities of Turkey. The most frequently consulted departments were Pediatric infectious diseases: 166 (32%), Pediatric hematology and oncology: 56 (11%), and Neonatology: 43 (8%). Of the 520 consulted cases, 44 (8%) were related to life-threatening events, and 25 of them were hospitalized in the intensive care units, and 6 of them were required surgical operations. Of the 94% of responders thought this platform was useful and 82% of them stated that the case counseling part of the atelier was the most useful part. We think that the development of technology and artificial intelligence may lead to the usage of on-line platforms or systems in clinical medical practice.Clinical Trial Registration (if any). Registry name, registration number, web link to study on registry, and data sharing statement