Anticancer effect of a novel palladium-saccharinate complex of terpyridine by inducing apoptosis on ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in balb-C mice

Background/Aim: [Pd(sac)(terpy)](sac)•4H2O (sac=saccharinate and terpy=2,2′:6′,2-terpyridine) is newlysynthesized palladium(II) (Pd) complex. We investigated the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of this complex on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). Materials and Methods: EAC cells were administered to 33 Balb/c mice. Mice were divided randomly into four groups: control, cisplatin, Pd(II) complex and paclitaxel. Control group animals received 0.9% NaCl; other groups received treatments cisplatin, Pd(II) complex and paclitaxel on days 7 and 12. At day 14, animals were sacrificed. Expression of active caspase-3, p53 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was investigated and apoptosis was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT)-mediated nick-end labelling (TUNEL) technique. Results: Expression of p53 and PCNA were found to be decreased (p<0.0001), cells with active caspase-3 and TUNEL-positive cells were found to be increased (p<0.0001) in all treatment groups. Conclusion: Like cisplatin and paclitaxel, this Pd(II) complex has a strong anticancer activity against EAC by inducing apoptosis and suppressing proliferation in vivo.Istanbul University (UDP-47082

Histological Changes in the Uterus of the Hens After Embriyonic Exposure to Bisphenol A and Diethylstilbestrol

Many employed chemicals in industries have estrogenic hormone effects on organisms, and these are called as environmental estrogens. Environmental estrogens have adverse effects on development and function of reproductive organs of the birds. Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the best known environmental estrogens widely found in plastic products. In this study, we injected BPA and the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) in ovo and then examined and compared the effects of those on the uteri (shell gland) of the adult hens by histological methods. Five groups have been designed in the current study. Only vehicle substance was given in ovo to the control group and BPA (67 or 134 mu g/g egg) and DES (0.02 or 0.2 mu g/g egg) were administered in the experimental groups. Tissue specimens were taken from uteri of hens at 21 weeks of age, prior to the laying period. Estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) was immunohistochemically stained. It was observed that the hatching proportion in BPA (67 mu g and 134 mu g/g) was lesser than the other groups (P < 0.01). Uterine tubular glandular density and thickness of tunica mucosa were found to have reduced (P < 0.01) in BPA (134 mu g/g) and DES (0.2 mu g/g) groups, in comparison with those of the control and the other experimental groups. Uterine gland epithelium revealed positive immunoreaction for ER alpha. These findings suggested that administration of BPA and DES at high doses affected embryonic development in a negative way, and this adverse effect was seen less in adult period

Tavuklarda Bisfenol A ve Dietilstilbestrol'un Bursa Fabricius'un İnvolusyonu Üzerine Etkisi

Bursa Fabricius kuşlarda B lenfositlerin olgunlaşmasından sorumlu primer (birincil) lenfoid organdır. Seks steroid hormonları bursa Fabricius&middot;un gerilemesini etkiler. Bisfenol A (BPA), plastik ve epoksi re&ccedil;ine &uuml;retiminde yaygın olarak kullanılan bir &ouml;strojenik bir kimyasaldır. Bu &ccedil;alışma, BPA&middot;nın ergin tavuklarda bursa Fabricius&middot;un involusyonu &uuml;zerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Pozitif kontrol olarak sentetik &ouml;strojen olan dietilstilbestrol (DES) kullanıldı. Test bileşikleri embriyolu yumurta sarısının i&ccedil;ine enjekte edildi. Bursa Fabricius&middot;da &ouml;strojen alfa resept&ouml;r&uuml; (&Ouml;R&alpha;) ekspresyonunu belirlemek i&ccedil;n immunohistokimyasal y&ouml;tem kullanıdı Y&uuml;sek doz BPA (134 mg/g yumurta) ve DES (0,2 mg/g yumurta) gruplarıda, bursa somatik indeks, bursa Fabricius&middot;un follik&uuml; sayııve &ccedil;pı kontrol ve d&uuml;ş&uuml; doz BPA (67 &mu;g/g yumurta) ve DES (0,02 &mu;g/g/ yumurta) gruplarıa g&ouml;e istatistiksel olarak azalmışı(P&lt;0,05). T&uuml; gruplarda bursa Fabricius&middot;da spesifik &Ouml;&alpha; immun reaksiyon yoktu. Bu sonu&ccedil;ar, embriyonik d&ouml;emde BPA ve DES&middot;e maruz kalan tavuklarda bursa Fabricius&middot;un gerilemesini ind&uuml;lediğni g&ouml;termektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Bisfenol A (BPA), dietilstilbestrol (DES), bursa Fabricius, tavuk, &ouml;trojen resept&ouml; alfa (&Ouml;&alpha;

Content analysis on the research trends of community of inquiry model in Türkiye

Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de sorgulama topluluğu modeli kapsamında yapılan araştırmaların genel eğilimlerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda farklı veri tabanları ve dergilerden ulaşılan çalışmalar içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmalar araştırma kapsamına dahil edilirken; sorgulama topluluğu modeli kapsamında yapılmış olma, Türkiye’de gerçekleştirilme ve tam metnine ulaşılabilir olma şartları aranmıştır. Tarama sonucunda elde edilen makale, tez ve bildirilerin başlık, özet ve anahtar kelimeleri incelenmiş, çalışmanın amacına uygun olarak 1999-2022 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen 6 1 çalışma araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre en çok makale türünde yayın gerçekleştiği, en çok araştırılan değişkenlerin sorgulama topluluğu bileşenleri, yaygın olarak araştırılan diğer değişkenlerin ise akademik başarı, memnuniyet, motivasyon ve algılanan öğrenme olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmaların genelinde karma ve nicel yöntemler tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmaların çoğunlukla lisans düzeyinde gerçekleştiği, temel eğitim seviyesinde ve öğretim üyeleri ile gerçekleştirilen çalışmaların sınırlı sayıda olduğu ulaşılan diğer sonuçlar arasındadırIn this study, it is aimed to reveal the general trends of the research conducted within the scope of the Community of Inquiry Model in Türkiye. For this purpose, research obtained from different databases and journals were examined using content analysis technique. While the studies were included in the scope of the research, it was required to be studied within the scope of the Community of Inquiry Model, to be conducted in Türkiye, and to be accessible to the full text. The titles, abstracts and keywords of the articles, theses and conference proceedings obtained as a result of the search were examined. Accordingly, 61 studies carried out between 1999 and 2022 in accordance with the purpose of the study were included in the scope of the research. According to the results of the research, it was identified that article was the publication type mostly published, the most researched variables were the Community of Inquiry components, and the other widely researched variables were academic success, satisfaction, motivation and perceived learning. Among the other results were that mixed and quantitative methods were mostly preferred in research, research was mostly carried out at undergraduate level, and there was a limited number of studies conducted at the basic education level and with faculty members

Synthesis of a torsional spring mechanism with mechanically adjustable stiffness using wrapping cams

Most adjustable springs that have appeared in the literature are based on the antagonistic actuation of two quadratic springs. When two quadratic springs are coupled antagonistically, the resulting system attains a linear spring behavior enabling the adjustment of the stiffness mechanically. However, a non-linear spring with perfect quadratic behavior is difficult to realize. In this study, the synthesis of a non-linear spring using mechanisms is investigated where the problem is reduced to a function generation problem. A wrapping cam mechanism is proposed as an effective mechanism to be used in non-linear spring synthesis. An analytical solution is developed to calculate the necessary cam profile. Later, the design of the wrapping cam mechanism specific to quadratic springs is investigated. A torsional spring with mechanically adjustable stiffness utilizing a wrapping cam mechanism has been designed, manufactured and experimentally tested. Strong linear behavior is observed and the experimental stiffness values are found to be in good agreement with the analytical solution