A new cyclopentylidene and other chemical constituents from Malaysian Crotalaria pallida

Crotalaria pallida Aiton is an herbaceous legume from the family Fabaceae. In the present study, one new cyclopentyliene, crotolidene (1) and seven known compounds, i.e. hydroxydihydrobovolide (2), octacosane (3), trans-phytyl palmitate (4), linoleic acid (5), methyl oleate (6), ethyl palmitate (7), and palmitic acid (8) were isolated from the C. pallida collected from Perak, Malaysia. These compounds were isolated and characterized using extensive chromatographic and spectroscopic methods

Isolation and identification of metabolites from the gram-negative Proteobacteria of Burkholderia cenocepacia and Serratia marcescens

Burkholderia cenocepacia and Serratia marcescens are Gram-negative proteobacteria commonly found in the natural environment and are also opportunistic pathogens that caused a number of human diseases. The fermentation culture of Burkholderia cenocepacia yielded three compounds, 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-phenol (1), Maculosin (2) and methyl myristate (3). Compound 2 was also isolated together with cyclo(L-Leu-L-Pro) (4) from Serratia marcescens. Compound 1 was isolated from a natural source for the first time and the first isolation of compounds 2-4 was also reported from both Burkholderia cenocepacia and Serratia marcescens

Effect of equilibration temperature on in vitro viability and subsequent embryo development of vitrified-warmed immature bovine oocytes

Problem statement: Vitrification is replacing conventional slow freezing to cryopreserve gametes and embryos especially for in vitro production of embryo in domestic animal species. However, the results are still not satisfactory. The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of different equilibration temperatures on in vitro viability of immature bovine oocytes after vitrification. Approach: Oocytes were obtained from slaughterhouse ovaries. Only grade one oocytes were used. Oocytes were equilibrated in three different temperatures: 32, 37, or 41°C. Immature oocytes were equilibrated in VS1 (7.5 Ethylene Glycol (EG) + 7.5% DMSO) for 10-12 min and then exposed to VS2 (15% EG + 15%DMSO + 0.5M sucrose) for one min. Thereafter oocytes were loaded on hand-made Cryotop and directly plunged into liquid nitrogen. After warming, oocytes were examined for viability, maturation, cleavage and blastocyst production. Results: Oocytes that were equilibrated at 37°C had significantly higher (p<0.05) viability than 41°C, but there were no significant difference between 37 and 41 with 32°C. Maturation rate in 37°C group was significantly higher compared with other groups. The highest percentage of degenerated and germinal vesicle stage oocytes were obtained from 41°C than 32 and 37°C. Cleavage rate of 37°C group (38.77%) was greater than other groups (30.84 and 28.95% for 32 and 41°C, respectively). The highest blastocyst rate was also produced when oocytes equilibrated at 37°C (6.45%). Conclusion: In conclusion, these results indicated that immature bovine oocytes can be equilibrated successfully at 37°C while higher or lower temperature can significantly decrease their subsequent viability and development

Transcriptomic convergence despite genomic divergence drive field cancerization in synchronous squamous tumors

IntroductionField cancerization is suggested to arise from imbalanced differentiation in individual basal progenitor cells leading to clonal expansion of mutant cells that eventually replace the epithelium, although without evidence.MethodsWe performed deep sequencing analyses to characterize the genomic and transcriptomic landscapes of field change in two patients with synchronous aerodigestive tract tumors.ResultsOur data support the emergence of numerous genetic alterations in cancer-associated genes but refutes the hypothesis that founder mutation(s) underpin this phenomenon. Mutational signature analysis identified defective homologous recombination as a common underlying mutational process unique to synchronous tumors.DiscussionOur analyses suggest a common etiologic factor defined by mutational signatures and/or transcriptomic convergence, which could provide a therapeutic opportunity

Chemical constituents of three bacterial species (enterobacter cloacae, burkholderia cenocepacia and serratia marcescens) and a plant species (crotalaria pallida) / Yap Ann Chee

The present dissertation work focused on the phytochemical studies of a leguminous plant Crotalaria pallida and three bacterial species i.e. Enterobacter cloacae, Burkholderia cenocepacia and Serratia marcescens. C. pallida, from the family of Fabaceae, is a perennial subshrub-like herb known to produce pyrrolizidine alkaloids such as monocrotaline. E. cloacae, B. cenocepacia and S. marcescens are Gram-negative bacteria which are found naturally in the environment and also as opportunistic pathogens known to cause diseases. However, useful natural products with properties such as antibacterial, antifungal or anti-nematodal have been isolated from previous studies.1-4 Eleven compounds were isolated from the hexane extract of C. pallida which included a new compound CM1, a furanone and several lipids. A total of eight compounds including two new compounds EC1 and EC2 were isolated from E. cloacae. Three compounds were isolated from B. cenocepacia including one compound BC1 isolated for the first time from natural resources. Two compounds were isolated from S. marcescens which included the compound SM1 that was reported here for the first time from this bacterial species. All three bacterial species produced a common compound EC3 which was identified as a diketopiperazine. Several of these compounds were selected for bioactivity evaluations for their cytotoxicity against three human cell lines (human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HCT 116, human prostate adenocarcinoma cell line PC-3 and human fibroblast MRC5)

A Coumarin-Based Fluorescent Probe as a Central Nervous System Disease Biomarker

Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid are important biomarkers for diseases associated with an impaired central nervous system (CNS). A new chemoassay utilizing coumarin-based fluorescent probe 1 to detect the levels of homocysteine is successfully implemented using Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients’ blood serum. In addition, a rapid identification of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels in blood serum of PD patients was also performed using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results obtained from both analyses were in agreement. The new chemoassay utilizing coumarin-based fluorescent probe 1 offers a cost- and time-effective method to identify the biomarkers in CNS patients

A new oxolane from <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>

<p><i>Enterobacter cloacae</i> is a highly pathogenic Gram-negative proteobacterium which is responsible for a wide array of infections. In the present study, the fermentation culture of <i>E. cloacae</i> has yielded one new oxolane compound, Rimboxo (<b>1</b>) in addition to three known compounds, i.e. Maculosine (<b>2</b>), phenylacetic acid (<b>3</b>) and methyl myristate (<b>4</b>). These compounds were isolated and characterised using extensive chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, and were subjected to cytotoxicity evaluations.</p

Developmental Origins of Health and Disease: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Obstetrics & Gynecology residents, Pediatric residents, and Medical Students

10.1080/03630242.2022.2164396Women & Health633175-18