Crónica sobre el Congreso de la IVR "Dignidad, Democracia, Diversidad" - Lucerna, Suiza 2019

Entre los días 8 y 12 de julio de 2019 se celebró el Congreso de la IVR en la Universidad de Lucerna, Suiza, certamen mundial dedicado a la discusión y debate sobre diversos temas de la filosofía del derecho, la teoría del derecho, y la filosofía social. Por vez primera, además, el Congreso albergó un special workshop sobre (Legal) Animal Rights.Between July 8 and 12, 2019, the IVR Congress was held at the University of Lucerne, Switzerland, a world contest dedicated to the discussion and debate on various topics of the philosophy of law, the theory of law, and social philosophy. For the first time, in addition, the Congress hosted a special workshop on (Legal) Animal Rights

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels >2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p < 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Kolorektal ameliyatlar öncesi barsak temizliğinde uygulanan değişik yöntemlerin ve hasta toleransının karşılaştırılması

SUMMARY It's commonly agreed that it is necessary to make pre-operative preparations and prophylaxis for colorectal operations. The proportion of the infected cuts and the abscesses in the abdomen due to ineffective pre-operative bowel preparations may vary from 30 % to 60 %0 In this study we compared the pre-operative mechanical bowel cleaning procedures in which castor oil mannitol and enema is used with regard to the patients' tolerance and cleanliness. The research was carried out on the patients hospitalized in at the Departments of General Surgery at the Faculty of Medicine at Ege University and 9 Eylül University and also in the Second General Surgery Service of Tepecik Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu Hospital to be operated on colorectal between November, 13-1989 and March, l6-1990o After observing the degree of tolerance of the patients it was found out that while castor oil caused nausea, stomachache, cramp, anal irritation and ahsence in the sense of taste, enema caused more distension, stoma chache and anal irrigation» Such complaints were found to be very few in the76 use of mamıital. No significant differences were found in the other symptom s 0 In the processes of castor oil and mannitol the rate of cleanliness was higher than the one in the process of enema. (Ideal cleanliness rate was 80 % for castor oil, 70 % for mannitol and 60 % for enema0 ) No statistical differences were found in hematologic, biochemical and total body-weight variations before or after the bowel preparation procedures... It was also observed that there was a significant difference in the proportions of potassium (P ^0.10).and the total body weight (P^0e01). In the process of enema there was a difference observed in the levels of creatinin (P^OolO) and hematocrit (P0.01)o Castor oil can be preferred, for it doesn't affect the balance of liquid electrolyte and provides safer cleanliness. Mannitol can also be preferred as it can be easily tolerated by the patients. The results obtained throughout this study have shown that both the process of castor oil and the process of mannitol are safe and effective in the pre-operative cleaning processes.ÖZET Kolorektal operasyonlarda ameliyat öncesi hazırlık ve an t it> i o tik profilaksi yapılmasının gerekliliği herkes tarafından kabul edilen bir görüştür. Yetersiz bir pre- operatif barsak hazırlığı sonucu ameliyatlardan sonra % 30-60 oranında yara enfeksiyonu ve karın içi abse gibi komplikasyonları meydana getirmektedir. Kolorektal cerra hide preoperatif hazırlığın gerekliliği tartışmasızdır. Bu çalışmada kolorektal ameliyatlar öncesinde me kanik barsak temizleme yöntemlerinden Hintyağı, % 10»luk Mannitol ve Lavman, hasta toleransı ve kolon temizliği açısından kıyaslanmıştır. Araştırma Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Genel Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Genel Cerrahi Anabilim Dalı, Tepecik Sosyal Sigortalar Kurumu 2. Cerrahi Servisi 'ne 13 Kasım 1989 - 16 Mart 1990 tarih leri arasında kolorektal ameliyat olmak için yatmış ve sınırlamalara uyularak seçilmiş 30 hastaya uygulanmıştır. Hastaların toleransı değerlendirilerek hin t yağında daha fazla mide bulantısı, karın ağrısı, kramp, anal ir- ritasyon ve tad duyusu şikayetlerinin olduğu, lavmanda ise daha fazla şişkinlik, karın ağrısı, anal irritasyon oluştuğu gözlenmiştir.74 Mannitolde bu şikayetler çok az seviyede bulunmuş tur. Diğer semptomlarda önemli farklılık görülmemiştir. Hintyağı ve mannitol yönteminde lavman yöntemine oranla daha iyi temizlik olduğu görülmüştür (ideal temiz lik oranı hin t yağında % 80, mannitolde % 70, lavmanda % 60 idi). Barsaklarm hazırlanmasından önceki ve sonraki he matolojik, biokimyasal ve vücut ağırlığı değişikliklerin de hintyağı yönteminde istatistiksel açıdan fark görülme miştir. Mannitol yönteminde potasyum (K) (P0.10) ve vü cut ağırlığında (P^O.01) anlamlı farklılık oluştuğu gö rülmüştür. Lavman yönteminde kreatinin (P0.10) ve hema tocrit (P 'Co. 01) düzeylerinde farklılık görülmüştür. Hastanın sıvı elektrolit dengesini etkilememesi ve daha güvenli temizlik oluşturması nedeniyle hintyağı, has tanın rahat tolere etmesi nedeniyle de mannitol kullanımı tercih edilebilir. Bu çalışmada hintyağı ve mannitolün ameliyat öncesi barsak temizliğinde güvenli ve etkin yöntemler oldukları sonucuna varılmıştı

Prevention of Pressure Ulcers in the Intensive Care Unit A Randomized Trial of 2 Viscoelastic Foam Support Surfaces

WOS: 000356660700006PubMed ID: 26053604Aims and objectives: The aim of this study is to compare whether differences exist between 2 viscoelastic foam support surfaces in the development of new pressure ulcers. Background: There is evidence to support the use of viscoelastic foam over standard hospital foam to reduce pressure. A comparative effectiveness study was done to compare 2 viscoelastic foam support surfaces. Design: A randomized controlled trial was carried out. Method: The study was performed in 2 intensive care units between October 1, 2008, and January 4, 2010. Patients (n = 105) admitted to intensive care unit were randomly assigned to viscoelastic foam 1 (n = 53) or viscoelastic foam 2 support surface (n = 52). Results: In total, 42.8% of all patients developed a new pressure ulcer of stage 1 or worse. By stages, pressure ulcer incidence was 28.6%, 13.3%, and 1.0% for stages 1, 2, and 3, respectively. There was no significant difference in pressure ulcer incidence between the viscoelastic foam 1 and 2 groups (X-2 = 0.07, df = 1, P > .05). Conclusions: No difference was found between 2 different viscoelastic foam surfaces in the prevention of pressure ulcers in patients treated in intensive care. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Pressure ulcer incidence in critically ill patients remains high. Nurses must compare current products for effectiveness and develop innovative systems, processes, or devices to deliver best practices.Commission on Scientific Research Projects (SRP) of Afyon Kocatepe UniversityAfyon Kocatepe University; SRPThis study was supported by the Commission on Scientific Research Projects (SRP) of Afyon Kocatepe University. SRP financially supports projects that contribute to the field of science, domestically or internationally, and assists with advancements in the technological, economic, social, or cultural development of the country. An application for financial support for our study was submitted on December 12, 2007, and the study was accepted for financial support on October 1, 2008

Effects of peripheral cold application on core body temperature and haemodynamic parameters in febrile patients

WOS: 000334043500006PubMed ID: 24713012This study designed to assess the effects of peripheral cold application (PCA) on core body temperature and haemodynamic parameters in febrile patients. This study was an experimental, repeated-measures performed in the neurosurgical intensive-care unit. The research sample included all patients with fever in postoperative period. PCA was performed for 20min. During fever, systolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and arterial oxygen saturation (O(2)Sat) decreased by 5.07 +/- 7.89mm Hg, 0.191 +/- 6.00mm Hg and 0.742%+/- 0.97%, respectively, whereas the pulse rate and diastolic blood pressure increased by 8.528 +/- 4.42 beats/ min and 1.842 +/- 6.9mmHg, respectively. Immediately after PCA, core body temperature and pulse rate decreased by 0.3 degrees C, 3.3 beats/min, respectively, whereas systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure and O(2)Sat increased by, 1.40mm Hg, 1.87mm Hg, 0.98mmHg and 0.27%, respectively. Thirty minutes after the end of PCA, core body temperature, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure and pulse rate decreased by 0.57 degrees C, 0.34mm Hg, 0.60mm Hg and 4.5 beats/min, respectively, whereas systolic blood pressure and O(2)Sat increased by 0.98mm Hg and 0.04%, respectively. The present results showed that PCA increases systolic, diastolic, mean arterial blood pressure and O(2)Sat, and decreases core body temperature and pulse rate