“Bjørn Haldorsens islandske Lexicon” og Ivar Aasens ordbøker

Ivar Aasen (1813–96) was Norway’s first modern lexicographer. Ordbog over det norskeFolkesprog (Dictionary of the Norwegian dialects) (1850) and Norsk Ordbog (Norwegiandictionary) (1873) were his main publications, which showed that Norwegian existed asa Scandinavian language alongside Danish, Swedish and Icelandic. Ideologically, Aasen’sproject was made possible because of the language view of romanticism, which gaveprominence to the dialects. Linguistically, it was based on the historical-comparativemethod.This article deals with the way in which the Icelandic dictionary Lexicon Islandico-Latino-Danicum (1814), edited by Björn Halldórsson (1724–94), revised, and published byRasmus Rask (1787–1832), functioned as reference work for language history in Aasen’sproject, since no such source was as yet available for Norwegian

Molbech som mønster for Aasen

Molbech as a Model for Aasen. The lexicographical tradition in Norway was sparse before Ivar Aasen (1813-96) published Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog (’Dictionary of the Norwegian dialects’; abbr. ONF) in 1850, which appeared to be a modern dictionary. Dansk Ordbog (’Danish dictionary’; 1833) by Christian Molbech (1783-1857) is considered, in parts, to be a model for the lexicographical practice in ONF. This article points out elements where Molbech as a model is obvious, and also where Aasen made his own contribution to Nordic lexicography, especially in applying the methods of written-language lexicography on dialect material to describe a national vocabulary

Konrad Eriksson og skildringa av eit grensemål

Artikkelen tek utgangspunkt i den fagbiografiske framstellinga om den norske målføregranskaren og motstandsmannen Konrad Eriksson som Geirr Wiggen hadde i Maal og Minne (2009, hefte 2). Avhandlinga til Eriksson om drevsjømålet har i mange år vore ein del av kjeldematerialet til Norsk Ordbok. To grunnleggjande spørsmål blir tekne opp i denne artikkelen. Det eine er om ei slik tradisjonell målføreavhandling med vekt på historisk fonologi også gjev relevante leksikografiske opplysningar, og det andre er om ho kan brukast som grunnlag for ei samanlikning av det tradisjonelle ordtilfanget i dialektane på norsk og svensk side av riksgrensa. Her er to svenske arbeid frå høvesvis Idre og Särna referansemateriale.ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âKonklusjonen på det første spørsmålet er at i arbeid med historisk fonologi i eit målføre er semantiske vurderingar ein heilt naudsynt medspelar. Den junggrammatiske metoden i avhandlinga om drevsjømålet får fram påliteleg kunnskap om den semantiske sida av heimleg ordtilfang. Når det gjeld fellesskap i ordtilfang for grannebygder på begge sider av riksgrensa til Sverige, syner undersøkinga eit relativt sparsamt felles ordtilfang. Den fremste årsaka er truleg ulike utgangspunkt for og siktemål med dei tre jamførte arbeida. Riksgrensa har nok også hatt mykje å seie, men likevel dokumenterer desse ulike arbeida at ein femdel av det beskrivne ordtilfanget er felles

Ivar Aasen og Universitetet i Oslo

With his grammar of 1848, Det norske Folkesprogs Grammatik,and his dictionary of 1850, Ordbog over det norskeFolkesprog, Ivar Aasen (1813–1896) provided the first systematicaccount of Norwegian dialects and initiated the era ofmodern Norwegian lexicography. These publications constitutedthe scientific basis for a national written language forNorway. Aasen had no formal academic education, but DetKongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab in Trondheim providedAasen with the funding he needed to collect linguisticmaterial from the dialects. In the final stages of the work onthe grammar and the dictionary, Aasen sought advice fromleading academics at the University of Oslo to ensure that hisaccount of the language was scientifically sound and up todate. The article features the collaboration between Aasen andthe university academics in this period, and particular attentionis given to a disagreement that Aasen and the academics hadregarding how the closed and open vowels should be handledin the written code. The article also addresses how the sameenvironment of academics who had been important for Aasen’sbreakthrough as a linguist and lexicographer turned against hisproject when it was no longer just a theoretical linguisticproject, but a practical project to establish a dialect-basedwritten Norwegian language as an alternative to Danish.Finally the focus is on how the University of Oslo in the yearsafter Aasen has taken care of and developed the constitutionallygrounded project to implement a national language

Norsk Ordbok frå A til Å i tolv band

Norsk Ordbok blei ferdigstilt tidleg i 2016, 50 år etter at første bandet kom ut. Etter ei stor satsing frå omkring tusenårsskiftet, kalla Norsk Ordbok 2014, blei verket sluttført litt seinare enn til Grunnlovsjubileet i 2014. Professor i nordisk språkvitskap og hovudredaktør, Dagfinn Worren, arbeidde som redaktør ved ordboka gjennom heile si tid som tilsett ved Universitetet i Oslo. Han gir her eit oversyn over nokre sider ved den lange historia til Norsk Ordbok

Ordartikkelen i nokre norske ordbøker i historisk perspektiv

This article deals with the information categories in the entries of some Norwegian dictionaries from a historical perspective. Ivar Aasen’s Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog (Dictionary of the Norwegian Dialects) from 1850 is the first modern dictionary of Norwegian, also in terms of information categories. This dictionary uses all of the five classical information types: formal, semantic, combinatory, encyclopaedic, and historical. The very first Norwegian dictionary in this tradition, which is from 1646, demonstrates only the basic categories (the formal, the semantic, and the combinatory ones). However, the comprehensive and documentary dictionaries of our time still use the same information categories as Aasen’s dictionary of 1850, though with more subtle and allincluding portraits for each entry. The linguistic description seems to be complete. Consequently, new developments in information types are likely to occur in the encyclopaedic category by means of information technology

Ivar Aasen og svensk leksikografi

In the language project of Ivar Aasen (1813–1896) an important aspect was to demonstrate that Norwegian was a national language in its own right, alongside Danish and Swedish. In his lexicographical work Aasen used a Danish model, but he emphasized that, from a linguistic point of view, Norwegian actually had just as much in common with Swedish. In this article we present a study that demonstrates the dimension of the specific common vocabulary between the two languages. The method used for this purpose is to extract references to Swedish sources in Aasen’s 1873 edition of his dictionary. The study reveals that 7.5% of the vocabulary is common, and that Aasen mainly refers to two Swedish sources (Dalin 1855 and Rietz 1867). Not surprisingly, a significant part of this common vocabulary mostly occurs geographically along the Swedish border. The conclusion is that Aasen’s ideas regarding a common vocabulary for Norwegian and Swedish are to a certain extent verified. But more importantly, the still rather sparse occurrence justifies the establishment of Norwegian as a distinct language of its own