Incidence of oropharyngeal and non-oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in Singapore 1968–2012, by gender.

<p>Incidence trends are based on incidence rates for 5-year time periods that were age-adjusted to the WHO standard population. Annual percent change (APC) was calculated using Joinpoint regression analysis. APC = annual percent change. An asterisk (*) indicates an APC value that is statistically significant at p≤0.05. Abbreviations: OPSCC = oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; non-OP HNC = non-oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma</p

Incidence of invasive anal cancer in Singapore, 1968–2012, by gender and histology.

<p>Incidence trends are based on incidence rates for 5-year time periods that were age-adjusted to the WHO standard population. Annual percent change (APC) was calculated using Joinpoint regression analysis. APC = annual percent change. An asterisk (*) indicates an APC value that is statistically significant at p≤0.05. Abbreviations: SCC = squamous cell carcinoma, non-SCC = non-squamous cell carcinoma</p

Incidence of invasive cervical cancer in Singapore, 1968–2012, by ethnicity.

<p>Incidence trends are based on incidence rates for 5-year time periods that were age-adjusted to the WHO standard population. Annual percent change (APC) was calculated using Joinpoint regression analysis. APC = annual percent change. An asterisk (*) indicates an APC value that is statistically significant at p≤0.05.</p

Principal component analysis (PCA) of 1,224 samples from 16 global populations.

<p>PCA of 1,224 samples from SSIP, SSMP and 14 populations from Phase 1 of the 1-coded by continents (panel A). An analysis of admixture was also performed on the 16 populations with ADMIXTURE, where the number of distinct populations (<i>K</i>) was allowed to vary between 2 and 8 (panel B). The black window highlights the position of the SSIP samples on the admixture plot.</p

Mitochondria haplogroup assignment for the 36 SSIP samples.

<p>Mitochondria haplogroup assignment for the 36 SSIP samples.</p

Principal component analysis (PCA) of SSIP samples with 132 South Asians.

<p>PCA of 36 SSIP samples with 132 South Asian samples from 25 well-defined Indian groups by Reich and colleagues <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004377#pgen.1004377-Reich3" target="_blank">[44]</a> using 202,600 SNPs that were present in both databases (panel A). Five groups corresponding to Great Andamanese, Onge, Nyshi, Aonaga and Siddi were subsequently removed, leaving 104 samples from 20 Indian groups to be analyzed in a second PCA, where the samples were first assigned a color according to their group memberships (panel B), and second by the latitude of origin into North and South Indians (panel C, see <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004377#pgen.1004377.s018" target="_blank">Table S2</a> for the classification of North and South Indians). The color assignments in panels A and B are represented by the color legend on the bottom left of the figure.</p

Size distribution and novelty of variants in SSIP.

<p>Autosomal variants identified in the 36 SSIP samples, which included single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small insertion/deletions (indels) between 2 bp to 50 bp, and large deletions between 51 bp to 1 Mb. The SSIP SNPs and indels are defined as novel if they are not present in SSMP and dbSNP137, whereas dbSNP132 was used for defining the novelty of the 1 KGP SNPs and indels. The novelty of large deletions in SSIP and 1 KGP is defined with respect to SSMP and DGV release 2013-07-23.</p