DML and RusDML – Virtual Library Initiatives for Covering All Mathematics Electronically

With the rapidly growing activities in electronic publishing ideas came up to install global repositories which deal with three mainstreams in this enterprise: storing the electronic material currently available, pursuing projects to solve the archiving problem for this material with the ambition to preserve the content in readable form for future generations, and to capture the printed literature in digital versions providing good access and search facilities for the readers. Long-term availability of published research articles in mathematics and easy access to them is a strong need for researchers working with mathematics. Hence in this domain some pioneering projects have been established addressing the above mentioned problems

Non-Perturbative U(1) Gauge Theory at Finite Temperature

For compact U(1) lattice gauge theory (LGT) we have performed a finite size scaling analysis on $N_{\tau} N_s^3$ lattices for $N_{\tau}$ fixed by extrapolating spatial volumes of size $N_s\le 18$ to $N_s\to\infty$. Within the numerical accuracy of the thus obtained fits we find for $N_{\tau}=4$, 5 and~6 second order critical exponents, which exhibit no obvious $N_{\tau}$ dependence. The exponents are consistent with 3d Gaussian values, but not with either first order transitions or the universality class of the 3d XY model. As the 3d Gaussian fixed point is known to be unstable, the scenario of a yet unidentified non-trivial fixed point close to the 3d Gaussian emerges as one of the possible explanations.Comment: Extended version after referee reports. 6 pages, 6 figure

FiLM-Ensemble: Probabilistic Deep Learning via Feature-wise Linear Modulation

The ability to estimate epistemic uncertainty is often crucial when deploying machine learning in the real world, but modern methods often produce overconfident, uncalibrated uncertainty predictions. A common approach to quantify epistemic uncertainty, usable across a wide class of prediction models, is to train a model ensemble. In a naive implementation, the ensemble approach has high computational cost and high memory demand. This challenges in particular modern deep learning, where even a single deep network is already demanding in terms of compute and memory, and has given rise to a number of attempts to emulate the model ensemble without actually instantiating separate ensemble members. We introduce FiLM-Ensemble, a deep, implicit ensemble method based on the concept of Feature-wise Linear Modulation (FiLM). That technique was originally developed for multi-task learning, with the aim of decoupling different tasks. We show that the idea can be extended to uncertainty quantification: by modulating the network activations of a single deep network with FiLM, one obtains a model ensemble with high diversity, and consequently well-calibrated estimates of epistemic uncertainty, with low computational overhead in comparison. Empirically, FiLM-Ensemble outperforms other implicit ensemble methods, and it and comes very close to the upper bound of an explicit ensemble of networks (sometimes even beating it), at a fraction of the memory cost.Comment: accepted at NeurIPS 202

Strahlen im Kalten Krieg

“Radiation in the Cold War” investigates the way that politics, science, and society dealt with radiation in Switzerland. The study examines how Switzerland prepared for a future atomic war as well as for nuclear uses in everday life. The history of radiation and radiation protection sheds light on the political culture of Cold War Switzerland that so far has only received little attention

Universal and non-universal properties of cross-correlations in financial time series

We use methods of random matrix theory to analyze the cross-correlation matrix C of price changes of the largest 1000 US stocks for the 2-year period 1994-95. We find that the statistics of most of the eigenvalues in the spectrum of C agree with the predictions of random matrix theory, but there are deviations for a few of the largest eigenvalues. We find that C has the universal properties of the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble of random matrices. Furthermore, we analyze the eigenvectors of C through their inverse participation ratio and find eigenvectors with large inverse participation ratios at both edges of the eigenvalue spectrum--a situation reminiscent of results in localization theory.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, Revte

Verzeichnis der Autorinnen und Autoren

Bezugspunkt ist der Begriff des "Küstenbildes", der hier aus unterschiedlichen fachlichen Perspektiven durch deren Vertreter dargestellt wird. Ziel des Bandes ist keine Synthese unterschiedlicher Positionen, vielmehr geht es darum, Divergenzen und vor allem Konvergenzen ausfindig zu machen, die die fachliche Diskussion in Gang bringen könnten. Der in diesem Band vorliegende Pluralismus der Perspektiven auf das "Küstenbild" in den einzelnen wissenschaftlichen Disziplinen und Praxisbereichen ist also durchaus gewollt und stellt interdisziplinäre Ansichten, Ansätze und Konzepte für den Zugriff auf das "Küstenbild" dar.The reference point for this publication is the concept of the "coastal image" which is represented from different professional perspectives by their representatives. The aim of the volume is not a synthesis of different positions, but rather to identify divergences and convergences that could trigger the technical discussion. The pluralism of perspectives on the "coastal image" in the individual scientific disciplines and practice areas presented in this volume is therefore deliberate and represents interdisciplinary views, approaches and concepts for accessing the "coastal image"

Measurement of pharyngeal sensory cortical processing: technique and physiologic implications

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dysphagia is a major complication of different diseases affecting both the central and peripheral nervous system. Pharyngeal sensory impairment is one of the main features of neurogenic dysphagia. Therefore an objective technique to examine the cortical processing of pharyngeal sensory input would be a helpful diagnostic tool in this context. We developed a simple paradigm to perform pneumatic stimulation to both sides of the pharyngeal wall. Whole-head MEG was employed to study changes in cortical activation during this pharyngeal stimulation in nine healthy subjects. Data were analyzed by means of synthetic aperture magnetometry (SAM) and the group analysis of individual SAM data was performed using a permutation test.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Our results revealed bilateral activation of the caudolateral primary somatosensory cortex following sensory pharyngeal stimulation with a slight lateralization to the side of stimulation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The method introduced here is simple and easy to perform and might be applicable in the clinical setting. The results are in keeping with previous findings showing bihemispheric involvement in the complex task of sensory pharyngeal processing. They might also explain changes in deglutition after hemispheric strokes. The ipsilaterally lateralized processing is surprising and needs further investigation.</p