The Morality of Achilles: Anger as A Moral Emotion

Anger is central to moral and legal decision-making. Angry individuals reason differently than people in a temperate state. Aristotle and the ancient Greeks understood anger’s practical role in forensic argument and moral judgment—an intuition modern psychologists have largely confirmed. Psychological experiments show that people primed to anger will draw different inferences than people in a tranquil state of mind from the same factual circumstances. As Aristotle understood, our ability to reach conclusions about a set of facts is influenced by emotional processes such as anger. This article analyzes competing views of anger in contemporary moral philosophy. It uses cross-cutting psychological, biological, sociological, anthropological, historical and philosophical arguments about the experience and expression of anger to critically assess leading philosophical accounts of the role of anger in moral and judicial decision making

Natural Resources and the Gender Gap in Azerbaijan

'Resource curse' scholars have suggested not only that oil wealth may be disastrous for the political and economic fabric of a country but that its impact is gendered. They have observed that oil harms, rather than helps, women in becoming integrated into the workforce and wider society. This is because instead of unleashing the economic forces that dilute patriarchal norms, oil booms leave these norms in place and constrain womens' opportunities for economic and political empowerment. These scholars, however, have singled out post-Soviet countries as exceptions to the rule, due to the legacy of the nominal commitment to gender equality handed down from their Soviet past. Here, I will explore how this may not be the case in Azerbaijan and how women have missed out on the dividends of Azerbaijan's latest oil boom

COVID-19 Relief for Opportunity Zone Funds and Investors

This Article describes how temporary changes to the qualified opportunity zone (QOZ) tax incentive, combined with new reliance regulations that clarify the requirements for qualified opportunity zone businesses (QOZBs) to modify their written plans to expend working capital in response to the ongoing coronavirus emergency, will make more individuals and entities eligible for federal tax stimulus by increasing flexibility for the qualified opportunity funds (QOFs) and QOZBs in which they invest to redeploy their capital into qualifying business development projects in a QOZ

Sample-displacement correction for whole-pattern profile fitting of powder diffraction data collected in capillary geometry

Abstract: Recent in situ experimentation at the Australian Synchrotron resulted in the nucleation and crystallization of material on the walls of the capillary reaction vessels. This lining of the capillary walls, without filling the bulk of the capillary volume, produced an artefact in the diffraction data due to sample displacement across the capillary. In effect, the experiment was examining simultaneously two samples displaced by equal and opposite amounts from the diffractometer centre. This was exaggerated by the fact that large-diameter (1 mm) capillaries had been used in order to increase the total sample volume and hence maximize the amount of material formed and examined. The effect of this displacement was to shift the diffraction peaks simultaneously to both lower and higher angles than their `ideal' positions, causing peak splitting in many instances. A model has been developed which considers the sample as being effectively two flat plate samples, thus allowing for correction through the use of sample displacement. An additional problem resulted from the oriented growth of the material on the capillary walls, producing preferred orientation in the observed data. The correction model can also be extended to model such anisotropic peak splitting caused by this preferential orientation of the crystallites on the capillary wall

Diagnostic Problem

SUBJECT: Female, age 51.HISTORY: Pain for nine months of a sharp, gripping nature lasting a few seconds at a time and occurring several times per day. No relation to meals, etc.ON EXAMINATIONA large mass in the right inguinal fossa was noticed by her General Practitioner on the evening of admission. Some tenderness and guarding was present. Patient was afebrile.P.V.: Pelvis empty but lower pole of mass palpable high up on right side the mass having a soft consistency.B.S.: Present