170 research outputs found
Geographies of landscape: Representation, power and meaning
Green criminology has sought to blur the nature-culture binary and this article seeks to extend recent work by geographers writing on landscape to further our understanding of the shifting contours of the divide. The article begins by setting out these different approaches, before addressing how dynamics of surveillance and conquest are embedded in landscape photography. It then describes how the ways we visualize the Earth were reconfigured with the emergence of photography in the 19th century and how the world itself has been transformed into a target in our global media culture
Documentary criminology: Girl Model as a case study
Visual and cultural criminology are integrated with documentary filmmaking to develop a theoretically grounded, practice-based approach called âdocumentary criminologyâ. The first section establishes the need for documentary filmmaking in criminology and outlines methodological opportunities. The second section examines theoretically the aesthetics and substance of documentary criminology. The third section takes the film Girl Model (Redmon and Sabin, 2011) as a case study to demonstrate how documentary criminology embedded in lived experience (in this case, the experience of scouts that recruit young Russian girls, purportedly for the modelling industry) can depict sensuous immediacy. The final section contrasts the aesthetic and ethical consequences of documentary criminology within Carrabineâs (2012, 2014) concept of âjustâ images to a documentary filmmaking approach that remains interpretively open-ended. Readers can access Girl Model at https://vimeo.com/29694894 with the password industry
The Touch of Iconoclasm
This article reflects on some depicted, intentional acts of iconoclasm undertaken by Isis in Northern Iraq, and viewed as online videos. It attempts to consider what makes these moving images compelling to audiences who share an orientation to the protection and preservation of ancient artefacts. In doing so it prompts a reflection on their circulation as part of stories that get told about cultural heritage, and particularly the simple civilizational oppositions that get set up between âWesternâ and âIslamicâ culture. Centring on the significance of the sensation of touch to practices of cultural inscription, it suggests that the Northern Iraq videos animate forms of synaesthesic material engagement that are denied by the modernist technologies of museum culture
Learning to Think Iconically in the Human and Social Sciences: Iconic Standards of Understanding as a Pivotal Challenge for Method Development
Theoretically as well as alongside an empirical research idea, this paper outlines conditions for the development of social scientific empirical methods able to further exploit the iconic potential of the image. Reconstructing the role of formal pictorial elements for the standards of understanding within the medium âimageâ is considered pivotal in this endeavor. Within the context of language, standards of communication have already been extensively researched. The linguistic format of the narrative, for instance, is well studied. Up to now, though, comparable formal vehicles of iconic semantics have only been examined in aesthetics and art history. Nevertheless, standards of iconic understanding are part of our implicit knowledge, are incessantly in use in everyday practice and, thus, the basis of everyday identity formation. With the help of empirical methods based on an iconic logos we can deepen our understanding of orientations, longings, and anxieties of our time that are often silently conveyed by images. Fashion will be outlined as a prototypical field, in which an empirically based development of such methods might start off
Digital transformations and the archival nature of surrogates
Large-scale digitization is generating extraordinary collections of visual
and textual surrogates, potentially endowed with transcendent long-term cultural
and research values. Understanding the nature of digital surrogacy is a substantial
intellectual opportunity for archival science and the digital humanities, because of
the increasing independence of surrogate collections from their archival sources.
The paper presents an argument that one of the most significant requirements for the
long-term access to collections of digital surrogates is to treat digital surrogates as
archival records that embody traces of their fluid lifecycles and therefore are worthy
of management and preservation as archives. It advances a theory of the archival
nature of surrogacy founded on longstanding notions of archival quality, the traces
of their source and the conditions of their creation, and the functional ââwork of the
archive.ââ The paper presents evidence supporting a ââsecondary provenanceââ
derived from re-digitization, re-ingestion of multiple versions, and de facto
replacement of the original sources. The design of the underlying research that
motivates the paper and summary findings are reported separately. The research has
been supported generously by the US Institute of Museum and Library Services.Institute for Museum and Library ServicesPeer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111825/1/J26 Conway Digital Transformations 2014-pers.pdfDescription of J26 Conway Digital Transformations 2014-pers.pdf : Main articl
Teaching the history of geography:Current challenges and future directions
Drawing upon the personal reflections of geographical educators in Brazil, Canada, the UK, and the US, this Forum provides a state-of-the-discipline review of teaching in the history of geography; identifies the practical and pedagogical challenges associated with that teaching; and offers suggestions and provocations as to future innovation. The Forum shows how teaching in the history of geography is valued â as a tool of identity making, as a device for cohort building and professionalization, and as a means of interrogating the disciplinary present â but also how it is challenged by neoliberal educational policies, competing priorities in curriculum design, and sub-disciplinary divisions
Serving the same interests: The Wood Green ricin plot, mediaâstateâterror relations and the âterrorismâ dispositif
This article analyses the representations of terrorism that arise out of the BBCâs coverage of the Wood Green ricin plot (2003), the first instance of al-Qaeda-related activity in the United Kingdom during the âwar on terrorâ. Inspired by the work Michel Foucault, the article suggests that the BBCâs representations form part of an emergent âterrorismâ dispositif, or apparatus, which draws together seemingly disparate and antagonistic groups into a strategic, mutually-sustaining alliance. The analysis focuses on two weeksâ worth of BBC âNews at Tenâ bulletins, alongside speeches and press releases issued by the Prime Minister and statements released by al-Qaedaâs leadership. In particular, the article suggests that the BBCâs representations inadvertently work to the advantage of elements within al-Qaeda and the British executive due to the fact that they portray the Wood Green events in ways that are tactically useful to both groups. As such, the article not only provides substantive new empirical insights into the way representations of terrorism were mobilised in the build up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, but also shows how Foucauldian concepts can provide creative and innovative analytical tools for understanding the dynamics of the contemporary media-state-terrorism relationship
The Emotional and Political Power of Images of Suffering: Discursive Psychology and the Study of Visual Rhetoric
Drawing on insights from discursive and rhetorical approaches in psychology, the chapter examines responses to the publication of the photographs of the body of Alan Kurdi, the three-year-old Syrian refugee who drowned off the coast of Turkey in 2015. The chapter considers how and why the images were constructed as inherently âmovingâ, and as possessing the power to elicit emotions, and affect the audience on a âvisceralâ level. It also looks at how accounts of (and for) emotional reactions to the images were deployed rhetorically to manage accountability associated with viewing, and sharing, images of a dead child. Through the examination of the Kurdi images the chapter also considers the possibility of a psychologically-informed approach to visual rhetoric, one that offers a better understanding of how and why certain images (but not others) are constituted as topics of humanitarian concern, and a source of emotional and political investment
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