Evangelical Christianity and Women’s Changing Lives

Women have outnumbered men as followers of Christianity at least since the transition to industrial capitalist modernity in the West. Yet developments in women's lives in relation to employment, family and feminist values are challenging their Christian religiosity. Building on a new strand of gender analysis in the sociology of religion, this article argues that gender is central to patterns of religiosity and secularization in the West. It then offers a case study of evangelical Christianity in England to illustrate how changes in women's lives are affecting their religiosity. Specifically, it argues that evangelical Christianity continues to be important among women occupying more traditional social positions (as wives and mothers), but adherence is declining among the growing number whose lives do not fit this older model

The Role of the Association in Developing Professional Competence

I would like to begin by reviewing what it is about an association that shapes the special role it can play in developing professional competence. To begin with what is perhaps the obvious, a professional association consists of a group of people who identify with a particular profession. The Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences1 defines a profession as an occupation requiring intensive and continuous preparation. In searching back in my memory to library school classes, I remember the characteristics then cited to describe a profession: 1. it has a body of knowledge that describes the field and some consensus about that body of knowledge; 2. it requires extensive study or preparation; 3. there develops a commitment to training new entrants and extending the knowledge; 4. it develops a body of literature and the publication of scholarly journals to disseminate the information; and 5. groups are formed to advance the goals of the profession in other words, the development of associations.published or submitted for publicatio

Benthic macro-invertebrate fauna associated with Dreissena mussels in the Meuse River:from incapacitating relationships to facilitation

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer in patients with schizophrenia

The outcomes of treatment of physical illnesses are strongly affected by the presence of schizophrenia. We aimed to quantify the clinical course of schizophrenic breast cancer patients who were eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy to determine whether patients with this mental illness receive appropriate treatment for this physical illness. We searched the national Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) computer database using computer codes for schizophrenia to identify patients who later developed breast cancer and were treated in DVA medical centers. Computer-based data were supplemented with chart-based clinical indicators. There were 55 subjects who appeared to be appropriate candidates for adjuvant systemic therapy. A number of these candidates were not offered postoperative endocrine or cytotoxic chemotherapy, while others refused treatment or were non-compliant. Behaviors typical of schizophrenic subjects, including hostility to caregivers, often disrupt their care. Schizophrenic patients often have advanced-stage cancer at diagnosis, often delay diagnosis and are frequently hostile towards healthcare workers. Many of these patients refuse therapy and/or are non-compliant

Paediatric ambiguous lineage leukaemia with monocytic differentiation at diagnosis: case series and review of literature

Ambiguous lineage leukaemia (ALAL) is a rare sub-type of paediatric acute leukaemia. There are four main subgroups according to the lineage of differentiation, namely: (i) mixed phenotype acute leukaemia (MPAL), (ii) bilineal acute leukaemia, (iii) undifferentiated acute leukaemia, and (iv) acute leukaemia with early switch to a different lineage.1-4 MPAL accounts for 1–2% of paediatric leukaemia.3 The World Health Organization (WHO) classifications (2008 and 2016) have established strict criteria for diagnosis of MPAL, emphasising myeloperoxidase for myeloid lineage, cytoplasmic cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) for T lineage, and CD19 and other B markers for B lineage.1,

Horizontal acquisition of a DNA ligase improves DNA damage tolerance in eukaryotes.

Bdelloid rotifers are part of the restricted circle of multicellular animals that can withstand a wide range of genotoxic stresses at any stage of their life cycle. In this study, bdelloid rotifer Adineta vaga is used as a model to decipher the molecular basis of their extreme tolerance. Proteomic analysis shows that a specific DNA ligase, different from those usually involved in DNA repair in eukaryotes, is strongly over-represented upon ionizing radiation. A phylogenetic analysis reveals its orthology to prokaryotic DNA ligase E, and its horizontal acquisition by bdelloid rotifers and plausibly other eukaryotes. The fungus Mortierella verticillata, having a single copy of this DNA Ligase E homolog, also exhibits an increased radiation tolerance with an over-expression of this DNA ligase E following X-ray exposure. We also provide evidence that A. vaga ligase E is a major contributor of DNA breaks ligation activity, which is a common step of all important DNA repair pathways. Consistently, its heterologous expression in human cell lines significantly improves their radio-tolerance. Overall, this study highlights the potential of horizontal gene transfers in eukaryotes, and their contribution to the adaptation to extreme conditions

Clinical Science Patient surveillance after initial breast cancer therapy: variation by physician specialty

Abstract BACKGROUND: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) guidelines recommend only office visits and mammograms as the primary modalities for patient surveillance after treatment for breast carcinoma. This study aimed to quantify differences in posttreatment surveillance among medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and surgeons. METHODS: We e-mailed a survey to the 3,245 ASCO members who identified themselves as having breast cancer as a major focus of their practices. Questions assessed the frequency of use of 12 specific surveillance modalities for 5 posttreatment years. RESULTS: Of 1,012 total responses, 846 were evaluable: 5% from radiation oncologists, 70% from medical oncologists, and 10% from surgeons; 15% were unspecified. Marked variation in surveillance practices were noted within each specialty and among specialties. CONCLUSION: There are notable variations in surveillance intensity. This suggests overuse or underuse or misuse of scarce medical resources. Published by Elsevier Inc. Breast carcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States except for nonmelanoma skin cancer. It is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. It is estimated that over 1.1 million men and women were diagnosed with breast cancer and that over 400,000 women died from it worldwide in 2002

Natural history of dental caries in very young Australian children

Background Whilst the global burden of caries is increasing, the trajectory of decay in young children and the point at which prevention should occur has not been well established. Aim To identify the ‘natural history’ of dental caries in early childhood. Design A birth cohort study was established with 467 mother/child dyads followed at 1, 6, 12, 18, and 36 months of age. Parent‐completed surveys captured demographic, social, and behavioural data, and oral examinations provided clinical and data. Results Eight per cent of children (95% confidence interval (CI): 5–12%) at 18 months and 23% (95% CI: 18–28%) at 36 months experienced decay. Interesting lesion behaviour was found between 18 and 36 months, with rapid development of new lesions on sound teeth (70% of teeth, 95% CI: 63–76%) and regression of many lesions from non‐cavitated lesions to sound (23% of teeth, 95% CI: 17–30%). Significant associations were found between soft drink consumption and lesion progression. Conclusions Findings suggest optimal time periods for screening and prevention of a disease which significantly impacts multiple health and well‐being outcomes across the life course