Коментарі Валерія Шевчука в літописі Самійла Величка як позатекстова інтерпретація давньоукраїнської пам'ятки

У статті розглядаються різновиди коментарів як позатекстової інтерпретації Валерієм Шевчуком барокової пам’ятки – Літопису Самійла Величка.The article deals with Valery Shevchuk’s way of varieties of the commentaries as out-of-text interpretation of Baroque remembrance of Chronicle of Samiylo Velitchko

Preconception maternal gastric bypass surgery and the impact on fetal growth parameters

Background: Bariatric surgery is increasingly performed in women of reproductive age. As bariatric surgery will result in postoperative rapid catabolic weight loss which potentially leads to fetal malnutrition and directly related impaired intra-uterine growth, it is advised to postpone pregnancy for at least 12–18 months after surgery. Objectives: To investigate the consequences of preconception gastric bypass surgery (pGB) on fetal growth parameters and maternal pregnancy outcome. Setting: Maasstad Hospital, The Netherlands, general hospital and Erasmus Medical Center, The Netherlands, university hospital. Methods: We included 97 pGB pregnancies (Maasstad hospital) and 440 non-bariatric pregnancies (Rotterdam Periconception cohort, Erasmus Medical Center). Longitudinal second and third trimester fetal growth parameters (head circumference, biparietal diameter, femur length, abdominal circumference, estimated fetal weight) were analyzed using linear mixed models, adjusting for covariates and possible confounders. Fetal growth and birthweight in pGB pregnancies were compared to non-bariatric pregnancies and Dutch reference curves. Maternal pregnancy outcome in the pGB group was compared to non-bariatric pregnancies. Results: All fetal growth parameters of pGB pregnancies were significantly decreased at 20 weeks’ gestation (P &lt; .001) and throughout the remaining part of pregnancy (P &lt; .05) compared with non-bariatric pregnancies (crude and adjusted models). In our cohort, gestational weight gain was not significantly associated with birthweight corrected for gestational age. Birthweight was significantly lower in pGB pregnancies (estimate –241 grams [95% CI, –342.7 to –140.0]) with a 2-fold increased risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) (adjusted odds ratio 2.053 [95% CI, 1.058 to 3.872]). Compared to the non-bariatric pregnancies, we found no significant differences in maternal pregnancy outcome. Conclusions: PGB is associated with overall reduced fetal growth trajectories and a 2-fold increased risk of SGA, without significant adverse consequences for maternal pregnancy outcome. We recommend close monitoring of fetal growth after pGB.</p

Growth Rules for the Repair of Asynchronous Irregular Neuronal Networks after Peripheral Lesions

© 2021 Sinha et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Several homeostatic mechanisms enable the brain to maintain desired levels of neuronal activity. One of these, homeostatic structural plasticity, has been reported to restore activity in networks disrupted by peripheral lesions by altering their neuronal connectivity. While multiple lesion experiments have studied the changes in neurite morphology that underlie modifications of synapses in these networks, the underlying mechanisms that drive these changes are yet to be explained. Evidence suggests that neuronal activity modulates neurite morphology and may stimulate neurites to selective sprout or retract to restore network activity levels. We developed a new spiking network model of peripheral lesioning and accurately reproduced the characteristics of network repair after deafferentation that are reported in experiments to study the activity dependent growth regimes of neurites. To ensure that our simulations closely resemble the behaviour of networks in the brain, we model deafferentation in a biologically realistic balanced network model that exhibits low frequency Asynchronous Irregular (AI) activity as observed in cerebral cortex. Our simulation results indicate that the re-establishment of activity in neurons both within and outside the deprived region, the Lesion Projection Zone (LPZ), requires opposite activity dependent growth rules for excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic elements. Analysis of these growth regimes indicates that they also contribute to the maintenance of activity levels in individual neurons. Furthermore, in our model, the directional formation of synapses that is observed in experiments requires that pre-synaptic excitatory and inhibitory elements also follow opposite growth rules. Lastly, we observe that our proposed structural plasticity growth rules and the inhibitory synaptic plasticity mechanism that also balances our AI network both contribute to the restoration of the network to pre-deafferentation stable activity levels.Peer reviewe

Clinical characteristics of women captured by extending the definition of severe postpartum haemorrhage with 'refractoriness to treatment': a cohort study

Background: The absence of a uniform and clinically relevant definition of severe postpartum haemorrhage hampers comparative studies and optimization of clinical management. The concept of persistent postpartum haemorrhage, based on refractoriness to initial first-line treatment, was proposed as an alternative to common definitions that are either based on estimations of blood loss or transfused units of packed red blood cells (RBC). We compared characteristics and outcomes of women with severe postpartum haemorrhage captured by these three types of definitions. Methods: In this large retrospective cohort study in 61 hospitals in the Netherlands we included 1391 consecutive women with postpartum haemorrhage who received either ≥4 units of RBC or a multicomponent transfusion. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of women with severe postpartum haemorrhage defined as persistent postpartum haemorrhage were compared to definitions based on estimated blood loss or transfused units of RBC within 24 h following birth. Adverse maternal outcome was a composite of maternal mortality, hysterectomy, arterial embolisation and intensive care unit admission. Results: One thousand two hundred sixty out of 1391 women (90.6%) with postpartum haemorrhage fulfilled the definition of persistent postpartum haemorrhage. The majority, 820/1260 (65.1%), fulfilled this definition within 1 h following birth, compared to 819/1391 (58.7%) applying the definition of ≥1 L blood loss and 37/845 (4.4%) applying the definition of ≥4 units of RBC. The definition persistent postpartum haemorrhage captured 430/471 adverse maternal outcomes (91.3%), compared to 471/471 (100%) for ≥1 L blood loss and 383/471 (81.3%) for ≥4 units of RBC. Persistent postpartum haemorrhage did not capture all adverse outcomes because of missing data on timing of initial, first-line treatment. Conclusion: The definition persistent postpartum haemo

An Alignment Model for Business Process Management and Service Oriented Architecture

No summary availabl

On the Creation of a Reference Framework for Software Product Management: Validation and Tool Support

Software product management does not get as much attention in scientific research as it should have, compared to the high value product software companies ascribe to it. In this paper, we give a status overview of the current software product management domain by performing a literature study and field studies with product managers. Based on these, we are able to present a reference framework for software product management, in which the key process areas, stakeholders and their relations are modeled. To validate the reference framework, we perform a case study in which we analyze the stakeholder communication concerning the conception, development and launching of a new product at a major software vendor. Finally, we propose the Software Product Management Workbench for operational support for product managers in product software companies

Re-evaluating luminescence burial doses and bleaching of fluvial deposits using Bayesian computational statistics

The optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) signal from fluvial sediment often contains a remnant from the previous deposition cycle, leading to a partially bleached equivalent-dose distribution. Although identification of the burial dose is of primary concern, the degree of bleaching could potentially provide insights into sediment transport processes. However, comparison of bleaching between samples is complicated by sample-to-sample variation in aliquot size and luminescence sensitivity. Here we begin development of an age model to account for these effects. With measurement data from multi-grain aliquots, we use Bayesian computational statistics to estimate the burial dose and bleaching parameters of the single-grain dose distribution. We apply the model to 46 samples taken from fluvial sediment of Rhine branches in the Netherlands, and compare the results with environmental predictor variables (depositional environment, texture, sample depth, depth relative to mean water level, dose rate). Although obvious correlations with predictor variables are absent, there is some suggestion that the best-bleached samples are found close to the modern mean water level, and that the extent of bleaching has changed over the recent past. We hypothesise that sediment deposited near the transition of channel to overbank deposits receives the most sunlight exposure, due to local reworking after deposition. However, nearly all samples are inferred to have at least some well-bleached grains, suggesting that bleaching also occurs during fluvial transport

A reference framework for software product management

In the last decade, software product management has received much practical attention, though research in this area is still scattered. In this paper, we give a status overview of the current software product management domain by performing a literature study and field studies with product managers. The results are used to develop a reference framework for software product management, in which the key process areas, stakeholders and their relations are modeled. To validate the reference framework, we perform a case study in which we analyze the stakeholder communication concerning the conception, development and launching of a new product at a major software vendor. Finally, we propose the Software Product Management Workbench for operational support for product managers in product software companies