294 research outputs found
Radiation and magnetic field effects on new semiconductor power devices for HL-LHC experiments
The radiation hardness of commercial Silicon Carbide and Gallium Nitride
power MOSFETs is presented in this paper, for Total Ionizing Dose effects and
Single Event Effects, under gamma, neutrons, protons and heavy ions. Similar
tests are discussed for commercial DC-DC converters, also tested in operation
under magnetic field
Natural killer cell receptors: new biology and insights into the graft-versus-leukemia effect
AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells have held great promise for the immunotherapy of cancer for more than 3 decades. However, to date only modest clinical success has been achieved manipulating the NK cell compartment in patients with malignant disease. Progress in the field of NK cell receptors has revolutionized our concept of how NK cells selectively recognize and lyse tumor and virally infected cells while sparing normal cells. Major families of cell surface receptors that inhibit and activate NK cells to lyse target cells have been characterized, including killer cell immunoglobulinlike receptors (KIRs), C-type lectins, and natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs). Further, identification of NK receptor ligands and their expression on normal and transformed cells completes the information needed to begin development of rational clinical approaches to manipulating receptor/ligand interactions for clinical benefit. Indeed, clinical data suggest that mismatch of NK receptors and ligands during allogeneic bone marrow transplantation may be used to prevent leukemia relapse. Here, we review how NK cell receptors control natural cytotoxicity and novel approaches to manipulating NK receptor-ligand interactions for the potential benefit of patients with cancer
Study of MicroPattern Gaseous detectors with novel nanodiamond based photocathodes for single photon detection in EIC RICH
Identification of high momentum hadrons at the future EIC is crucial, gaseous
RICH detectors are therefore viable option. Compact collider setups impose to
construct RICHes with small radiator length, hence significantly limiting the
number of detected photons. More photons can be detected in the far UV region,
using a windowless RICH approach. QE of CsI degrades under strong irradiation
and air contamination. Nanodiamond based photocathodes (PCs) are being
developed as an alternative to CsI. Recent development of layers of
hydrogenated nanodiamond powders as an alternative photosensitive material and
their performance, when coupled to the THick Gaseous Electron Multipliers
(THGEM)-based detectors, are the objects of an ongoing R\&D. We report about
the initial phase of our studies.Comment: 3 pages, 5 figures, RICH2018 conference proceedin
Nanodiamond photocathodes for MPGD-based single photon detectors at future EIC
The design of a Ring Imaging CHerenkov (RICH) detector for the identification
of high momentum particles at the future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is
extremely challenging by using current technology. Compact collider setups
impose to construct RICH with short radiator length, hence limiting the number
of generated photons. The number of detected photons can be increased by
selecting the far UV region. As standard fused-silica windows is opaque below
165 nm, a windowless RICH can be a possible approach. CsI is widely used
photocathode (PC) for photon detection in the far UV range. Due to its
hygroscopic nature it is very delicate to handle. In addition, its Quantum
Efficiency (QE) degrades in high intensity ion fluxes. These are the key
reasons to quest for novel PC with sensitivity in the far UV region. Recent
development of layers of hydrogenated nanodiamond powders as an alternative PC
material and their performance, when coupled to the THick Gaseous Electron
Multipliers (THGEM)-based detectors, are the objects of an ongoing R\&D. We
report here some preliminary results on the initial phase of these studies.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, MPGD-2019 La Rochelle, Proceedin
Noncanonical Fungal Autophagy Inhibits Inflammation in Response to IFN-Îł via DAPK1
Defects in a form of noncanonical autophagy, known as LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), lead to increased inflammatory pathology during fungal infection. Although LAP contributes to fungal degradation, the molecular mechanisms underlying LAP-mediated modulation of inflammation are unknown. We describe a mechanism by which inflammation is regulated during LAP through the death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1). The ATF6/C/EBP-ÎČ/DAPK1 axis activated by IFN-Îł not only mediates LAP to Aspergillus fumigatus but also concomitantly inhibits Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) activation and restrains pathogenic inflammation. In mouse models and patient samples of chronic granulomatous disease, which exhibit defective autophagy and increased inflammasome activity, IFN-Îł restores reduced DAPK1 activity and dampens fungal growth. Additionally, in a cohort of hematopoietic stem cell-transplanted patients, a genetic DAPK1 deficiency is associated with increased inflammation and heightened aspergillosis susceptibility. Thus, DAPK1 is a potential drugable player in regulating the inflammatory response during fungal clearance initiated by IFN-Îł
Nanodiamond photocathodes for MPGD-based single photon detectors at future EIC
We are developing gaseous photon detectors for Cherenkov imaging applications
in the experiments at the future Electron Ion Collider. CsI, converting photons
in the far ultraviolet range, is, so far, the only photoconverter compatible
with the operation of gaseous detectors. It is very delicate to handle due to
its hygroscopic nature: the absorbed water vapour decomposes the CsI molecule.
In addition, its quantum efficiency degrades under ion bombardment. These are
the key reasons to quest for novel, less delicate materials for photocathodes
adequate for gaseous photon detectors. Layers of hydrogenated nanodiamond
particles have recently been proposed as an alternative material and have shown
promising characteristics. The performance of nanodiamond photocathodes coupled
to thick GEM-based detectors is the object of our ongoing R\&D. The first phase
of these studies includes the characterization of thick GEM coated with
nanodiamond layers and the robustness of its photoconverting properties with
respect to the bombardment by ions from the multiplication process in the
gaseous detector. The approach is described in detail as well as all the
results obtained so far within these exploratory studies
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