94 research outputs found
Albumin nanoparticles increase the anticancer efficacy of albendazole in ovarian cancer xenograft model
In situ guided tissue regeneration in musculoskeletal diseases and aging: Implementing pathology into tailored tissue engineering strategies
In situ guided tissue regeneration, also addressed as in situ tissue engineering or endogenous regeneration, has a great potential for population-wide “minimal invasive” applications. During the last two decades, tissue engineering has been developed with remarkable in vitro and preclinical success but still the number of applications in clinical routine is extremely small. Moreover, the vision of population-wide applications of ex vivo tissue engineered constructs based on cells, growth and differentiation factors and scaffolds, must probably be deemed unrealistic for economic and regulation-related issues. Hence, the progress made in this respect will be mostly applicable to a fraction of post-traumatic or post-surgery situations such as big tissue defects due to tumor manifestation. Minimally invasive procedures would probably qualify for a broader application and ideally would only require off the shelf standardized products without cells. Such products should mimic the microenvironment of regenerating tissues and make use of the endogenous tissue regeneration capacities. Functionally, the chemotaxis of regenerative cells, their amplification as a transient amplifying pool and their concerted differentiation and remodeling should be addressed. This is especially important because the main target populations for such applications are the elderly and diseased. The quality of regenerative cells is impaired in such organisms and high levels of inhibitors also interfere with regeneration and healing. In metabolic bone diseases like osteoporosis, it is already known that antagonists for inhibitors such as activin and sclerostin enhance bone formation. Implementing such strategies into applications for in situ guided tissue regeneration should greatly enhance the efficacy of tailored procedures in the future
An endogenous nanomineral chaperones luminal antigen and peptidoglycan to intestinal immune cells.
In humans and other mammals it is known that calcium and phosphate ions are secreted from the distal small intestine into the lumen. However, why this secretion occurs is unclear. Here, we show that the process leads to the formation of amorphous magnesium-substituted calcium phosphate nanoparticles that trap soluble macromolecules, such as bacterial peptidoglycan and orally fed protein antigens, in the lumen and transport them to immune cells of the intestinal tissue. The macromolecule-containing nanoparticles utilize epithelial M cells to enter Peyer's patches, small areas of the intestine concentrated with particle-scavenging immune cells. In wild-type mice, intestinal immune cells containing these naturally formed nanoparticles expressed the immune tolerance-associated molecule 'programmed death-ligand 1', whereas in NOD1/2 double knockout mice, which cannot recognize peptidoglycan, programmed death-ligand 1 was undetected. Our results explain a role for constitutively formed calcium phosphate nanoparticles in the gut lumen and show how this helps to shape intestinal immune homeostasis
Untersuchungen in der 3-Benzothiepin-Reihe, 1. Mitt. Kondensationsreaktionen der Carbonylgruppe von 4,5-Dihydro-2H-3-benzothiepin-1-on und seinem Sulfon
Short-term research projects in cognitive neuroscience for undergraduate students: a contingency plan to maintain quality teaching during COVID-19 pandemic
The Conversion of 4,1-Benzoxazepine-2,5(1H,3H)-diones into 2-(α-Hydroxyalkyl)-4-quinazolinones
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Zeta-potential and particle size analysis of human amelogenins.
The developing enamel matrix is a highly dynamic system mainly composed of the full-length amelogenin and its proteolytic cleavage products. In this study, size, zeta-potential, and the isoelectric points of nanoparticles of the recombinant full-length human amelogenin (rH174) and two proteolytic products (rH163 and rH146) were analyzed by dynamic light-scattering and electrokinetic measurements. We tested the hypothesis that zeta-potential may be used as a control parameter in directing the self-assembly of amelogenins. Extensive aggregation of amelogenin molecules with the particle size reaching about one micron occurred at a mildly acidic to neutral pH, and coincided with the red shift of the internal fluorescence. Zeta-potential was between +/- 15 mV in the same pH range, indicating that amelogenin aggregation occurred when surface potentials were minimal. This suggests that electrostatic interactions may be another crucial factor, aside from hydrophobic interaction, in the aggregation and hierarchical assembly of spherical particles of amelogenins into supramolecular structures of a higher order
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