Acute toxicity study of seeds of Achyranthes aspera, bark of Berberis aristata and roots of Coleus forskohlii in Wistar rats

Background: Achyranthes aspera is a species of plant in the family Amaranthaceae. Berberis aristata is a shrub belonging to the family Berberidaceae and the genus Berberis. Plectranthus barbatus is a tropical perennial plant related to the typical coleus species. It produces forskolin, an extract useful for pharmaceutical preparations and research in cell biology. It is belonging to Lamiaceae. The present study has been undertaken to study the toxic effects of hydro alcoholic extracts of A. aspera, B. aristata, C. forskohlii in albino Wistar rats and to establish the hazardous safety category of hydro alcoholic extracts of these plants as per organization for economic cooperation and development (OECD-423) guidelines and GHS classification system respectively.Methods: In acute toxicity study, the hydro-alcoholic extracts of all the above three plants were given orally at the dose of 2000 mg/kg b. w. to three rats in each group respectively in step I. Then, all the animals were observed for initial 4 hours and followed by fourteen days for their clinical signs and mortality in step II.Results: In step I, all the animals were normal and there was no mortality after 48 hours. In step II with the same dose, all the animals showed no adverse effects and no mortality when followed up to 14 days observation period.Conclusions: The result indicates that the hydro alcoholic extracts of A. aspera, B. aristata, C. forskohlii plants can be utilized safely for therapeutic use in pharmaceutical formulations and it falls under category ‘5’ or ‘unclassified’ of GHS system

Performance Indicators of Indian Railways at Glance

Indian Railways is aware of the need to be up-to-datewith modern technological developments and best globalpractices to cash on the growing opportunity in freight and passenger business and provide the desired level of service to its passengers and customers. In this research paper, an attempt is made to evaluate the overall performance of Indian railways over the last ten years &to study the comparative position of train accidents and measures to improve safety by Indian Railways. The outcome of the study will explain in detail about the efficiency of Indian railways. Indian railways has always shown keen interest in taking advantage of technology to provide safety for the passengers

Tibia non-union management using limb reconstruction system fixator-a case series

The management of non-unions is always the challenge to the orthopedic surgeons. It requires proper expertise in that field. Improper management leads to multiple surgeries and disability in patients. External fixation using limb reconstruction system (LRS) is one of the options in the management of these conditions. We present a series of 04 cases of non-union tibia managed with LRS fixator. All the patients had compound tibia fractures, 02 patients were managed initially with AO external fixator, one with plating and another with intramedullary nailing. Out of four cases, two cases were infected non unions and two cases were non infective non unions. All the four patients were managed secondarily with LRS fixator with less complications and good outcome. LRS fixator is one of the best options in the management of both infective and non-infective non unions of the tibia. It helps in both compression and distraction in a single frame with minimal complications. It gives good stability in the bone which helps in early weight bearing and adjacent joint range of motion

'Cashew Apple' Juice Blend with Mango, Pineapple and Sapota for Improving Quality of RTS Beverages and Economic Feasibility Thereof

The present study on value-addition in cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L.) juice by blending it with mango, pineapple and sapota juices for preparation of RTS beverage was conducted during the year 2012-2013 at Horticultural College and Research Institute, Dr. YSR Horticultural University, Andhra Pradesh, in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications and 10 treatments. In the present investigation, 'cashew apple' juice extracted from the fruit was blended with fruit juices of mango, pineapple and sapota in various proportions. RTS beverages prepared from different blends of cashew apple juice were evaluated for physico-chemical and organoleptic properties at 0, 30 and 60 days of storage, and significant differences were observed. RTS beverage prepared from a blend of 25% cashew apple juice + 75% mango juice (T3) recorded a gradual decrease in pH, titrable acidity and ascorbic acid content from 0 to 60 days after storage, whereas, density of the blended juice increased gradually at 0 to 30 days of storage; thereafter it decreased. Total soluble solids, reducing sugars and TSS/Acid ratio gradually increased from 0 to 60 days of storage, followed by 25% cashew apple juice + 75% pineapple juice (T6). Organoleptic score for RTS prepared from 25% cashew apple juice + 75% mango juice blend (T3), followed by 50% cashew apple juice + 50% mango juice blend (T2), 25% cashew apple juice + 75% pineapple juice blend (T6) and 50% cashew apple juice + 50% pineapple juice blend (T5), were found to be high on quality, viz., colour, taste and overall acceptability, up to 60 days of storage, and were economical for RTS preparation

Case report-baboon syndrome with paracetamol

Adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined as “any response to drug which is noxious or unintended and occurs at a dose normally used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis or treatment of diseases or for modification of physiological function”. Among the ADRs reported, cutaneous drug reactions are most common. Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE), also known as baboon syndrome (BS), is included in the spectrum of systemically induced allergic contact dermatitis. Characteristics of SDRIFE include a sharply defined symmetric erythema in the gluteal area and in the flexural or intertriginous folds without any systemic symptoms or signs. We present a case of 30-year-old female with baboon syndrome after taking the combination of paracetamol and diclofenac. Awareness of SDRIFE (BS) as an unusual drug reaction is especially important since the connection between skin eruption and drug exposure may easily be overlooked or misdiagnosed

Friction Stir Welding Of Magnesium Alloys - A Review

The modern technologies are gaining more and more importance in almost every field and Manufacturing industry not an exception. More and more research has been going on related to welding techniques [1]. Friction stir welding is one of the latest welding techniques that have found a major part in automotive sector. Magnesium alloy one of the major raw material used in these industries due to its light weight, good thermal conductivity, excellent specific strength and stiffness, exceptional dimensional stability, high damping capacity, and high recycle ability [2]. Magnesium alloys can be divided into cast magnesium alloys and wrought magnesium ones in terms of difference in processing [3]. Main commercial magnesium alloys include the AZ series (Mg-Al-Zl), AM series (Mg-Al-Mn), AE series (Mg-Al-RE), EZ series (Mg-RE-Zn), ZK series (Mg-Znmdash;Zr), and WE series (Mg-RE-Zr)[4]. It is thi property which entices automobile manufacturers to replace denser materials, not only steels, cast irons and copper base alloys but even aluminium alloys by magnesium based alloys. Statistically, more than 90% of the magnesium alloy structural components are produced by casting process, especially by various die-casting processes. .Magnesium has a density two-thirds that of aluminium and only slightly higher than of fibre-reinforced plastics and possesses excellent mechanical and physical properties. Compared to using alternative materials, using Mg alloys results in a 22% to 70% weight reduction. Recent developments in coating and alloying of Mg improved the creep and corrosion resistance properties of magnesium alloys for elevated temperatures and corrosive environments. The introduction of this paper gives a detailed review about Friction Stir Welding of Mg alloys. This review work may be a ready reference for subsequent researchers

Use of proximal humerus internal locking system plate in proximal humerus fractures and its relation with the functional outcome

Background: Proximal humerus fractures are the fractures occurs at or proximal to the surgical neck of the humerus, which accounts for 7% of all fractures and 80% of all humeral fractures. Now a days most of these fractures are managed with internal fixation because of better availability of anatomical plates. The aim was to assess the functional outcome and complications of proximal humerus fractures treated with proximal humerus internal locking system (PHILOS).Methods: This is a prospective study of 30 patients with two, three, and four parts proximal humerus fractures treated with proximal humerus internal locking sysyem from 2016 to 2018 with 25 to 80 years of age in a tertiary care hospital. Functional outcome is assessed by using constant murley shoulder scoring system.Results: Functional outcome as per constant score, 10 patients (33%) got excellent outcome, 06 patients (20%) got very good outcome, 07 patients got (23%) good outcome, 05 patients got (17%) fair outcome and 02 patients got (07%) poor outcome. Complications observed were superficial infections, implant failure and axillary nerve neuropraxia.Conclusions: Open reduction and internal fixation by using PHILOS is the ideal method in treating displaced proximal humerus fractures mainly in two and three part proximal humerus fractures which provides stable fixation and less complications

Effect of series resistance and interface state density on electrical characteristics of Au/SiO2/n-GaN Schottky diodes

metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) Schottky diodes and compared with (Au/n-GaN)metal-semiconductor (MS) Schottky diode. The effect of SiO2 on the surface preparation of n-GaN (MIS) Schottky diode is analyzed. The extracted Schottky barrier height and ideality factor of the MS Schottky diode is found to be 0.79 eV and 1.45 respectively. It is observed that the Schottky barrier height increases to 0.86 eV and ideality factor decreases to 1.3 for MIS diode. The interface state density as determined by Terman’s method is found to be 3.79 × 1012 and 3.41 × 1010 cm - 2 eV - 1 for the MS and MIS Schottky diodes, respectively. In addition, the values of series resistance (Rs) are determined using Cheung’s method. The I - V characteristics confirmed that the distribution of Nss, Rs and interfacial layer are important parameters that influence the electrical characteristics of MIS Schottky diodes. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2222

Prevalence of Talon cusp in Indian population

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of the talon cusps in a sample of Indian dental patients and their distribution among different types of teeth. To determine the presence of other dental anomalies associated with the talon cusps. Methodology: 2740 out patients (1523 males and 1217 females) attending Oral Medicine department from November 2010 to January 2011 were screened for the presence of talon cusps and were subjected to Intra Oral Peri-apical (IOPA) radiograph to rule out any associated anomalies or peri-apical changes. Results: Talon cusps were detected in 16 out of 2740 patients (person prevalence 0.58%). Thirty one teeth were found to have talon cusp. Maxillary lateral incisors were the most commonly affected teeth (54.8%, 17 teeth), followed by maxillary central incisors and canines (16.12%, 5 teeth).Talon cusp was found in two mandibular central incisors (6.45%) and one each in mandibular second and third molar (3.22% each). Seventeen teeth in 7 patients (54.83%) were found to be associated with anomalies like dens invagination (6 teeth, 19.35%), impacted 13, 23 (6 teeth, 19.35%), partial anodontia (3 teeth, 9.67%), geographic and fissured tongue (2 teeth, 6.45%). Peri-apical granuloma was found in one tooth with talon cusp associated with dens invaginatus. None of the patients were found to be associated with any syndromes. Conclusion: Attention should be paid to the presence of the talon cusp and the associated anomalies. Early diagnosis of the talon cusp can help the clinician in preventing the further complications