Protein value of herring meal and some other protein concentrates of marine origin for the young rat

Protein concentrates, mainly of marine origin, were tested in nitrogen balance experiments with young rats. Commercial herring meals produced by several methods showed only small differences in protein utilization values. In most cases when differences in nitrogen balance values were found they were mainly due to corresponding differences in the protein digestibility. Press cake meals were slightly better utilized than whole meals, this difference was not accounted for by a corresponding difference in digestibility. Steam drying did not produce meals of better protein value than flame drying. No effect on the protein quality of herring meals was found of the preservatives sodium nitrite or formalin used during the storage of the raw material. Extraction of a whole meal with light petrol did not improve the protein quality wheras extraction of another whole meal with ethyl alcohol, ethyl ether and acetone improved the quality. Four foreign fish meals were of about the same protein value as Norwegian herring meal, whereas one was decidedly better. A sand-eel press cake meal was better than a whole meal produced from this raw material. The whole meal was of about the same protein quality as the herring meals. A flash dried whale meat meal was of about equal protein value as herring meals, but decidedly better than a slowly dried whale meal. A squid meal, a spray dried herring solubles meal and two fish off-fall meals were of decidedly poorer protein quality than the herring meals. Rennet casein was of about the same protein value as the herring meals, whereas the reference protein source, spray dried egg albumin, was better than all the other protein sources tested. Acetone dried samples of herring fillets and whole herring were of moderately better protein value than commercial herring meals. Acetone dried male herring was of poorer protein value than a corresponding sample of female herring. Acetone dried herring roe was of good protein value whereas the corresponding sample of herring milt was of poor protein value

Effect of BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene) on the protein value of herring meal for the young rat

The effect of BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) on the protein quality of herring meal was studied in nitrogen balance experiments with young rats. BHT at the 0.03% level in the meal improved the protein quality of meals produced from small summer herring when it was added after the drying process but was without any effect when it was added before the drying process. BHT had only little effect on the protein quality of meals produced from winter herring. Different production methods of the meals had little effect on the protein quality. Pelleting of the meals seemed to be no advantage, there were indications that the protein quality might be adversely affected by this process

Protein value of cod and coalfish and some products for the young rat

The protein quality of cod muscle protein and of some products of cod and coalfish was determined in nitrogen balance experiments with young rats. In most of the experiments spray dried egg albumin was used as a standard of reference. All the fish proteins showed as expected a lower utilization than egg albumin, but the results indicated that the preparations tested had high biological values. There was no appreciable difference between raw cod fillets, acetone dried cod fillets, or acetone dried fillets which had been boiled before drying. Two pilot plant fish flours from cod fillet waste showed high biological values. There was no difference in the utilization values between freeze dried coalfish fillet pastes containing different amounts of residual bones. Stockfish flours showed utilization values of about the same magnitude as the acetone dried fillets. There was no difference in the utilization values for stockfish and paste made from stockfish soaked in NaOH or NaC03 («lutefisk»). A comparison between acetone dried cod and herring fillets and meat from porbeagle and basking shark showed the elasmobranchs to be less well utilized than the teleosts

Effect of BHT (Butylated Hydroxytoluene) on the protein value of herring meal for the young rat

The effect of BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) on the protein quality of herring meal was studied in nitrogen balance experiments with young rats. BHT at the 0.03% level in the meal improved the protein quality of meals produced from small summer herring when it was added after the drying process but was without any effect when it was added before the drying process. BHT had only little effect on the protein quality of meals produced from winter herring. Different production methods of the meals had little effect on the protein quality. Pelleting of the meals seemed to be no advantage, there were indications that the protein quality might be adversely affected by this process

The Effect of Some Marine Oils and Squalene on the Plasma Cholesterol in Chicks

The effect of some fish oils on the plasma-cholesterol level of chicks were studied in eleven experiments. Soya- bean oil, margarine fat and squalene were also included in the study. Arachis oil was used as a reference in all experiments. In experiments with added cholesterol, cod liver oil usually showed lowered values compared with arachis oil and no fat added, but the effect varied greatly. Thus no final conclusions could be drawn. Soya-bean oil did not show any effect compared with arachis oil, whereas basking shark liver oil, dogfish liver oil and squalene lowered the cholesterol level. Methyl ester fractions of cod liver oil with iodine numbers ranging from 78 to 254 were without effect. In experiments without added cholesterol, cod liver oil in most cases gave significantly lower cholesterol levels than did arachis oil. This effect was also observed for herring oil, dogfish liver oil, basking shark liver oil and squalene

Cruise report Hywind Tampen 13 to 28 March 2023 - Cruise no. 2023001004 G.O. Sars

There is very little knowledge related to how floating windfarms effect the marine environment as this is such a new “product”. Thus, the data that we gathered on this cruise will be novel in that sense. The aim of the cruise was to look at possible effects of the windfarm on the marine environment. Based on limited cruise time and tough weather conditions around Hywind Tampen we had to be selective related to topics for this first cruise, and we choose to focus on the following: 1) Measuring noise from the turbine. This we did by deploying a hydrophone mooring within the windfarm. 2) Measuring current to track possible changes in current and wake effect. We did this by deploying ADCP’s within and around the windfarm, and by conducting CTD transects around and within the windfarm. 3) Look at possible effects on pelagic fish distribution, by conducting acoustics transects with RV G.O. Sars's multi-frequency acoustics, within and around the windfarm. As the RV G.O. Sars is not allowed closer then 500m to the turbines, we conducted acoustic transects with an acoustic kayak-drone within the 500 m range to the wind turbines. The kayak being allowed as close as 15-20m to the turbines. To able ground truthing of acoustic findings we trawled with an open trawl equipped with a camera (DeepVision) and we took eDNA samples along the transects. 4) Effect of bottom structure on the benthic fauna. This was studied by ROV transects filming fauna around 3 suction anchors and the adjacent chains connecting the turbines to the anchor. ROV control transects were conducted from the very same suction anchors, but on a line moving away from the windfarm. This cruise was conducted in collaboration with the NFR-funded WindSys project.Cruise report Hywind Tampen 13 to 28 March 2023 - Cruise no. 2023001004 G.O. SarspublishedVersio