Mycotoxins in horse feed: Incidence of deoxynivalenol in oat samples from stud farms

Reports concerning mycotoxins in horse feed are very rare and are typically restricted to fumonisins. As a non-ruminant monogastric species, horses may be more sensitive to adverse effects of mycotoxins, but the most severe effect of fumonisin B1 (FB1) in equines is that it causes fatal leucoencephalomalacia. In recent years, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated several mycotoxins as “undesirable substances in animal feed” with the aim of establishing guidance values for the feed industry. In its evaluation of deoxynivalenol (DON), EFSA concluded that this toxin exhibited toxic effects in all species, but that horses were more tolerant towards this toxin than pigs. According to the available data, a systematic survey on mycotoxins in horse feed in Serbia has not been published. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of mycotoxins in horse feed in Vojvodina. Samples of oats for horse consumption, collected in 2010, were analyzed by enzyme immunoassays (ELISA) for deoxynivalenol contamination. Twelve samples of oats were taken from twelve horse studs, with sport, school and hobby horses

Raširenost oboljenja kože kod konja na području Vojvodine

Within this research 274 horses were observed, out of 15 herds in Vojvodina region, with the aim to explore the etiology and pathogenesis of nodular dermatosis in horses. All the cases of skin lesions were found during one-year period, with the special emphasize on dermatosis of bacteriological etiology. All of the horses were clinically observed. Skin lesions were present in 43 out of 274 examined horses, what makes 15,69%. From those 43 cases of skin lesions, the most of them were nodular dermatosis, in 26 horses (60,46%). From most of those nodular changes (32,55%) infective cause was not isolated, while in 27,90% of the cases bacteria were isolated. From nodular lesions, in 5 cases Staphylococcus aureus was isolated (11,62%), in 4 cases Staphylococcus intermedius (9,30%) and in 3 cases Streptococcus β haemolyticus which was 6,97% from all dermatosis. From the rest of dermatosis, most of the cases were injuries (20,93%), than dermatophytosis (13,95%) and urticaria (4,65%). With corellative analysys the significant influence of nodular and other changes in skin on haematological values was not found.U cilju ispitivanja raširenosti dermatoza kod konja na području Vojvodine klinički je pregledano 274 grla različitih rasa u ukupno 15 zapata. Ispitivani konji su, osim fizičkom pregledu, bili podvrgnuti odgovarajućim citološkim, parazitološkim, bakteriološkim, mikološkim i hematološkim ispitivanjima pri čemu su u 12 slučajeva dokazane bakterije, u 6 gljivice, u 14 hipersenzitivna reakcija na ubod insekata, u 2 urtikarija i u 9 slučajeva traumatske ozlede

Epidemiology of human trichinellosis in Vojvodina province, Serbia, from 2005 to 2016

Trichinellosis is one of the most important foodborne diseases in the Eastern European countries. The main objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiological patterns of trichinellosis outbreaks that occurred between 2005 and 2016 in Vojvodina, a northern province of the Republic of Serbia. The average incidence was 3.5 per 100,000 inhabitants. A total of 828 people acquired the infection. The disease occurred in all age groups, slightly more often in males, and quite frequently in a severe form considering the high share of hospitalised patients and the fatal outcome rate (41.6 ± 31.1% and 0.4%, respectively). Trichinella spiralis was confirmed as the causative agent in eight outbreaks. The outbreaks usually occurred among family members due to the consumption of pork or traditional pork products from not tested backyard pigs. Veterinary control measures and the education of consumers and farmers should be implemented to control this zoonotic disease

Fenotipska varijabilnost i povezanost telesnih mera različitih genotipova kasača

The research was conducted on 44 mares (average age 11,09 years) and 12 stallions (average age 14,50 years) which ancestry was recorded (pedigreed animal) with different genotype of Trotter horses, used for breeding. Body measures of horses were estimated in the year 2010. For both horse genders, the results of average body measures were in general standards of this breed: height at withers, length of body, chest circumference, chest depth, width of chest (above the withers), rump height and width, circumference of cannon bone. Our research results indicate that it is necessary to pay greater attention to quality of breeding horses, choosing a horse, regarding depending on their use also breeding objective, and therefore implementations with more rigorous application of appropriate selection methods in equine breeding.Istraživanjima je obuhvaćeno 44 priplodne kobile (prosečne starosti 11,09 godina) i 12 pastuva (prosečne starosti 14,50 godina), sa poznatim poreklom (pedigreom) različitih genotipova kasača, koja se aktivno koriste u priplodu. Utvrđivanja važnijih eksterijernih svojstava sprovedena su u 2010. godini. Utvrđene prosečne eksterijerne (telesne) mere grla oba pola: visina grebena, dužina trupa - tela, obim grudi, dubina grudi, širina grudi (iznad grebena), visina sapi, širina sapi i obim cevanice su bile u okviru standarda ove rase konja. Rezultati sprovedenih istraživanja ukazuju na to da je potrebno posvetiti veću pažnju kvalitetu priplodnih grla, odnosno odabiru grla u zavisnosti od njihove upotrebe, zatim pravcu odgajivanja, a samim tim uvođenje i strožiju primenu odgovarajućih selekcijskih metoda pri gajenju kopitara

Evaluation of Process Orientation Dimensions in the Apparel Industry

The dimensions that influence the establishment of business process management (BPM) practices and the progression to higher levels of process maturity derive from exploring the dimensions of process orientation of organizations. Small and medium-sized clothing enterprises (SME’s) are characterized by various specifics that can affect the degree of process orientation adoption and the pace of transition from lower to higher levels of process maturity. According to these specifics, the acceptance of the process approach may be differently affected. For the purpose of adequate evaluation and prioritization of the most influential dimensions, a new integrated multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) model that combines classical and fuzzy theory was developed. First, the full consistency method (FUCOM) method was applied, followed by the fuzzy pivot pairwise relative criteria importance assessment (fuzzy PIPRECIA) method to obtain more accurate criteria values. Prioritization of the most influential BPM dimension contributes to highlighting the area of business that needs to be primarily strengthened by appropriate actions for successful establishment of BPM in apparel industry SMEs. Within this research, the prioritized dimension refers to human resource management in accordance with the specific aspects of business within the apparel industry.TU Berlin, Open-Access-Mittel – 202

The effects of the cherry variety on the chemical and sensorial characteristics of cherry brandy

The chemical and sensorial characteristics of cherry brandy produced from five cherry varieties (Oblacinska, Celery’s 16, Rexle, Heiman’s Ruby and Heiman’s Conserve) grown in Serbia were studied. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of these distillates led to the identification of 32 components, including 20 esters, benzaldehyde, 6 terpenes and 5 acids. The ethyl esters of C8–C18 acids were the most abundant in all samples. The benzaldehyde content was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The average benzaldehyde concentration in the samples ranged between 2.1 and 24.1 mg L-1. The total sensory scores of the cherry brandies ranged between 17.30 to 18.05, with the cherry brandy produced from the Celery’s 16 variety receiving the highest score (18.05)

Karakteristike Trihineloze kod ljudi na teritoriji Vojvodine u periodu 2002-2011

Current data on the incidence of the disease and abundant research strongly indicate that Trichinellosis has been widely present throughout past few decades, and is endemic in some regions of Serbia. Unfavourable epidemiological situation is due to high prevalence of infection sources and inadequate control of home-processed meat and meat products. The aim of this article was to describe the features of recorded trichinellosis outbreaks in Vojvodina according to gender structure of patients, based on the records obtained from the Institute for Public Health of Vojvodina in Novi Sad. Analysis of the number of diseased and hospitalized patients from the territory of Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in the ten-year period (2002-2011) revealed a total number of 983 patients with trichinellosis. The highest incidence of the disease was recorded in 2005, when 277 people were diagnosed with trichinellosis. Unfavourable epidemiological situation was observed also in 2002, with 275 affected patients. It is to be emphasized that in 2002 and 2005 three lethal outcomes were recorded, as a direct consequence of intensive migration and abundant invasion of T. spiralis larvae. The lowest incidence of the disease was recorded in 2010, that is, only 10 diseased patients. Primary prevention implying appropriate animal husbandry is the crucial point for the disease control, while thorough and systematic inspection of meat of home-produced pigs, wild boars, horses and other animals that can be a potential source of infection. The major risk factor for the occurrence of the disease is consuming raw or undercooked meat that was not subjected to standard examination methods, i.e. examining the skeletal striated musculature from predilection sites by trichinoscopy or artificial digestion.Na osnovu aktuelnih podataka o pojavi ovog oboljenja i brojnih naučnih istraživanja, uočava se da je Trihineloza već nekoliko decenija naša stvarnost, a teritorija Srbije epidemiološko područje. Nepovoljna epidemiološka situacija je posledica raširenosti žarišta trihineloze i nesprovođenja validne kontrole infestiranosti mesa i mesnih produkata proizvedenih u domaćinstvima. Cilj ovog rada je da predstavi karakteristike registrovanih epidemija trihineloze u Vojvodini, po starosnoj i polnoj strukturi obolelih osoba na osnovu podataka Instituta za javno zdravlje Vojvodine u Novom Sadu. Analizom broja obolelih i hospitalizovanih ljudi na teritoriji Autonomne pokrajine Vojvodine u ispitivanom vremenskom intervalu od deset godina (od 2002. do 2011. godine), ustanovljeno je da je obolelo ukupno 983 osoba. Posmatrajući svaku godinu posebno ustanovljava se da je najveći broj obolelih ljudi od trihineloze bio 2005. godine. U toj godini obolelo je 277 lica, uz to, epidemiološka situacija je bila vrlo nepovoljna u 2002. godini kada je obolelo 275 ljudi. Važno je napomenuti, da je u ove dve godine (2002. i 2005. godina) bilo i tri smrtna ishoda koja su nastali kao direktna posledica migracije i velikog naseljavanja infektivnih larvi T. spiralis u organizmu obolelih. Sa druge strane, u analiziranom desetogodišnjem periodu najmanji broj obolelih ljudi (10) zabeležen je 2010. godine. U kontroli bolesti najvažnija je primarna prevencija koja podrazumeva odgovarajuće držanje životinja, a osnovna mera za sprečavanje obolevanja ljudi je pregled mesa domaćih svinja, divljih svinja, konja, ali i mesa drugih životinja koje mogu biti izvor infekcije. Glavni rizik za pojavu bolesti je konzumiranje sirovog i nedovoljno termički obrađenog mesa ukoliko uzorci poprečnoprugaste muskulature sa predilekcionih mesta nisu pregledani standardnim metodama, trihineloskopijom i veštačkom digestijom

Comparison of the content of lean meat in pigs on farm and slaughter line

Measurement of lean meat on slaughter line and formation of price on the basis significantly contribute to the overall improvement of the quality and profitability of production and distribution of pork. The content of lean meat on live pigs was measured on farm using ultrasound device PIGLOG 105. While in slaughterhouse, the content of lean meat measured using Fat-O-Meater (FOM), two-point method (TP) and partial dissection. 59.30% of lean meat in vivo was estimated by the apparatus PIGLOG-105 one day before slaughter. It is 0.91% more then partial dissection and when compared to FOM and TP it is more 4.86% and 4.02%. Great deviation between PIGLOG-105 on one side and FOM and TP on other side indicated some error, and then partial dissection solved this mystery. After this study, slaughterhouse constructed new formulas for FOM in pig carcass classification. Regarding that, slaughterhouses which used FOM or similar equipment for measuring percentage of lean meat, should control results of the equipment described in this study, minimum twice a year

Optical Spectra of SNR Candidates in NGC 300

We present moderate-resolution (<5A) long-slit optical spectra of 51 nebular objects in the nearby Sculptor Group galaxy NGC 300 obtained with the 2.3 meter Advanced Technology Telescope at Siding Spring Observatory, Australia. Adopting the criterion of [SII]/Ha>=0.4 to confirm supernova remnants (SNRs) from optical spectra, we find that of 28 objects previously proposed as SNRs from optical observations, 22 meet this criterion with six showing [SII]/Ha of less than 0.4. Of 27 objects suggested as SNRs from radio data, four are associated with the 28 previously proposed SNRs. Of these four, three (included in the 22 above) meet the criterion. In all, 22 of the 51 nebular objects meet the [SII]/Ha criterion as SNRs while the nature of the remaining 29 objects remains undetermined by these observations.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc