12 research outputs found
SIRT1 is required for oncogenic transformation of neural stem cells and for the survival of “cancer cells with neural stemness” in a p53-dependent manner
Genetically defined EWS/FLI1 model system suggests mesenchymal origin of Ewing's family tumors
Culturing on Wharton's Jelly Extract Delays Mesenchymal Stem Cell Senescence through p53 and p16INK4a/pRb Pathways
An accelerated senescence response to radiation in wild-type p53 glioblastoma multiforme cells
Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes and Apoptosis-Inducing Genes Utilized in Cancer Gene Therapy
miR-543 and miR-590-3p regulate human mesenchymal stem cell aging via direct targeting of AIMP3/p18
Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in spinal cord injury: updated experimental and clinical evidence
Antioxidant Therapies for Acute Spinal Cord Injury
One of the most investigated molecular mechanisms involved in the secondary pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is free radical-induced, iron-catalyzed lipid peroxidation (LP) and protein oxidative/nitrative damage to spinal neurons, glia, and microvascular cells. The reactive nitrogen species peroxynitrite and its highly reactive free radicals are key initiators of LP and protein nitration in the injured spinal cord, the biochemistry, and pathophysiology of which are first of all reviewed in this article. This is followed by a presentation of the antioxidant mechanistic approaches and pharmacological compounds that have been shown to have neuroprotective properties in preclinical SCI models. Two of these, which act by inhibition of LP, are high-dose treatment with the glucocorticoid steroid methylprednisolone (MP) and the nonglucocorticoid 21-aminosteroid tirilazad, have been demonstrated in the multicenter NASCIS clinical trials to produce at least a modest improvement in neurological recovery when administered within the first 8 hours after SCI. Although these results have provided considerable validation of oxidative damage as a clinically practical neuroprotective target, there is a need for the discovery of safer and more effective antioxidant compounds for acute SCI