673 research outputs found
Illustrations of the IPA: Lyonnais (Francoprovençal)
Francoprovençal (known locally as patois) is the glottonym used as a cover term for a highly fragmented Romance dialect-grouping. These varieties are spoken in south-eastern France, and neighbouring parts of Switzerland and Italy; diasporic communities are also reported to maintain the use of Francoprovençal in Germany, Canada, and the United States (see Nagy 2011). Francoprovençal enjoys varying levels of official status across these regions. In France, for example, Francoprovençal was only recognised by the Ministry for Culture and Communication in 1999 as a âlanguage of Franceâ, but it does not constitute one of the handful of regional languages protected by law that are permitted in the education system. Conversely, in the Aosta Valley (Italy), which enjoys an autonomous status, Francoprovençal is protected under Federal law, and is taught in schools (see Josserand 2003)
Macbeth sous les bombes, Shakespeare sous la neige : un souvenir dâenfance dâEdward Bond
Nous nous proposons dâaborder lâidĂ©e de mĂ©moire de Shakespeare trĂšs littĂ©ralement, mais Ă rebours, en tant que « mythe personnel », pour reprendre la notion suggĂ©rĂ©e par GisĂšle Venet, mais Ă©galement en tant quâĂ©clairage du mythe personnel dâun auteur contemporain, en lâoccurrence, le dramaturge Edward Bond.We will deal with the idea of Shakespeareâs memory literally, but in retrospect, as a âpersonal mythâ, referring to GisĂšle Venetâs notion, and also as the insight on a contemporary authorâs personal myth, namely Edward Bond
Les PiĂšces de guerre dâEdward Bond : une approche politique de la guerre nuclĂ©aire hors des canons militants
La trilogie thĂ©Ăątrale dâEdward Bond PiĂšces de guerre (1983-1985) constitue tant comme discours politique que comme geste esthĂ©tique, une proposition artistique originale dâapproche dans une perspective progressiste de la question de la guerre nuclĂ©aire, thĂ©matique militante et culturelle cruciale durant ces derniĂšres annĂ©es de la guerre froide. Ces piĂšces naissent dans un contexte de forte mobilisation pacifiste, accompagnĂ©e dâune vive production culturelle, mais dont les perspectives politiques demeuraient limitĂ©es. Bond entendit sâopposer Ă ces modĂšles pour les dĂ©passer. Chaque piĂšce organise son dispositif esthĂ©tique dans une perspective critique qui politise le discours en le dĂ©plaçant de lâindignation morale vers une analyse complexe de la position des individus-citoyens pris dans le chantage de « lâĂ©quilibre de la terreur ». Si ces piĂšces passĂšrent relativement inaperçues en Angleterre Ă lâĂ©poque, elles eurent une rĂ©elle portĂ©e en France dans les annĂ©es 1990, dans un contexte politique radicalement changĂ©, oĂč elles trouvĂšrent Ă assumer les angoisses portĂ©es par les nouvelles guerres gĂ©nocidaires.Edward Bondâs dramatic trilogy of The War Plays (1983-1985) are an original attempt to deal with the nuclear war issue, a major topic both for political activism and cultural creativity during the last years of the Cold War, precisely as a political statement as well as an aesthetic act. These plays were released during a massive peace movement, itself backed by a rich artistic production, which political views remained, though, limited to commonplaces. Bond intended to confront these models to go beyond them. Each of these plays sets its aesthetics according to a critical perspective allowing to politicize its statements, by moving from a protest on moral ground to a complex analysis of the single citizenâs position trapped in the blackmail of the Balance of Terror. Poorly noticed at the time in England, these plays reached an audience in France in the 90s in a radically renewed political context when they came to express the fears carried by the new genocidal wars
MĂ©moire, histoire et patrimoine
Living history is a cultural or social (recreational or professional) practice which allows for an explanation and an examination of the concept of memory. The latter must be understood as related to history and heritage. The completed fieldwork borrows from ethnological and sociological methods (participant observation, qualitative and quantitative research.) Autobiographical memory displayed by the community (through the semantic field of ancestrality) is linked to the historical dimension of the approach set up by the group, which turns to a shared memory of the past. Furthermore, the link to its heritage allows the group to move from a dead, « Fixed » memory to a living, reactualised, symbol of historical reconstitution.L'histoire vivante est une pratique sociale et culturelle, souvent de loisir, parfois professionnelle, qui consiste Ă mettre en vie une maniĂšre de faire dâun temps passĂ©. Elle permet dâexposer et de donner Ă penser le concept de mĂ©moire. Celui-ci doit ĂȘtre analysĂ© en relation avec les notions d'histoire et de patrimoine. Le travail de terrain menĂ© autour de ces espaces de sociabilitĂ© est basĂ© sur des mĂ©thodes empruntĂ©es Ă l'ethnologie et Ă la sociologie (observations participantes, entretiens, enquĂȘte quantitative). La mĂ©moire personnelle, mobilisĂ©e par les enquĂȘtĂ©s Ă travers le champ sĂ©mantique de l'ancestralitĂ©, est associĂ©e Ă la dimension historique de la dĂ©marche mise en place par le groupe, qui se reconnaĂźt dans une forme de passĂ© en commun. Par ailleurs, le rapport au patrimoine favorise le passage d'une mĂ©moire « figĂ©e », morte Ă une autre, vivante et rĂ©actualisĂ©e, symbole de la reconstitution historique
A new look on human leptospirosis
En 1918 Martin et Pettit dĂ©montraient la prĂ©sence dâanticorps agglutinants dans le sĂ©rum des malades atteints de leptospirose. Un siĂšcle plus tard, alors que la rĂ©action dâagglutination-lyse reste la technique de rĂ©fĂ©rence pour la confirmation des cas, cette zoonose mĂ©riterait quâon lui prĂȘte un regard plus attentif tant son impact demeure important dans le monde. La leptospirose est une infection dont les prĂ©sentations cliniques constituent un continuum, allant des formes asymptomatiques aux formes les plus sĂ©vĂšres conduisant au dĂ©cĂšs. Lâincidence de la leptospirose dans les zones climatiques tropicales semi-arides comme en Afrique de lâOuest semble sous-estimĂ©e mais les donnĂ©es disponibles sont rares. Une Ă©tude rĂ©alisĂ©e au Burkina Faso par le Centre Muraz montre que la leptospirose constitue une des causes dâictĂšre fĂ©brile observĂ©es dans ce pays. Il est indispensable de mettre en place des programmes spĂ©cifiques de recherche et de prise en charge de cette zoonose nĂ©gligĂ©e. Le rĂ©seau francophone sur les maladies tropicales nĂ©gligĂ©es a retenu la leptospirose comme une des infections prioritaires dans une approche One Health pour les annĂ©es 2019-2020.In 1918 Martin and Pettit demonstrated the presence of agglutinating antibodies in the serum of patients with leptospirosis. A century later, while the agglutination-lysis reaction remains the gold standard for case confirmation, this zoonosis needs a renewed look tacking into account the burden of leptospirosis over the world. Leptospirosis severity constitutes a continuum ranging from asymptomatic forms to the most severe forms leading to the death. The incidence of leptospirosis in semi-arid tropical climates - such as in West Africa - seems significant even though scarce data are available. In a study conducted in Burkina Faso we observed that leptospirosis is one of the causes of febrile jaundice observed in this country. It is essential to set up specific research and management programs for this neglected zoonosis
Pratiquer les AMHE aujourd'hui : entre reconstitution, expérimentation et innovation
Cet article revient sur les enjeux de la pratique contemporaine des arts martiaux historiques européens (AMHE). Il aborde la question de la fidélité aux sources tout en notant l'utilité de l'expérimentation pour la reconstruction d'un geste martial authentique. Il termine sur les évolutions récentes de la pratique des AMHE, et notamment le glissement vers une pratique sportive. (résumé rédigé par la rédaction).This paper discusses the issues of praticing historical european martial arts (HEMA) today. It begins with the issue of fidelity to the historical sources, then it notes the utility of testing, in order to rebuild an authentic martial gesture. It finish on the recent developments in the practice of HEMA, in particular the turn toward sport. (abstract written by the journal)
Parenté sérologique et allergologique des virus de la myxomatose et de la fibromatose du lapin Réaction de conglutination et hypersensibilité homologue et hétérologue
Joubert L., Tuaillon P., Larbaigt G. Parenté sérologique et allergologique des virus de la myxomatose et de la fibromatose du lapin. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 123 n°6, 1970. pp. 259-276
Interface magnetic anisotropy in cobalt clusters embedded in a platinum or niobium matrix
A low concentration of cobalt clusters with a fcc structure and containing
almost one thousand atoms are embedded in two different metallic matrices:
platinum and niobium. Samples have been prepared using a co-deposition
technique. Cobalt clusters preformed in the gas phase and matrix atoms are
simultaneously deposited on a silicon substrate under Ultra High Vacuum
conditions. This original technique allows to prepare nanostructured systems
from miscible elements such as Co/Pt and Co/Nb in which clusters keep a pure
cobalt core surrounded with an alloyed interface. Magnetic measurements
performed using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) reveal large differences
in the magnetic properties of cobalt clusters in Pt and Nb pointing out the key
role of cluster/matrix interfaces.Comment: 7 pages (LaTeX), 12 PostScript figures, 1 PostScript tabl
MMP-3 deficiency alleviates endotoxin-induced acute inflammation in the posterior eye segment
Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is known to mediate neuroinflammatory processes by activating microglia, disrupting blood-central nervous system barriers and supporting neutrophil influx into the brain. In addition, the posterior part of the eye, more specifically the retina, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the blood-retinal barrier, is affected upon neuroinflammation, but a role for MMP-3 during ocular inflammation remains elusive. We investigated whether MMP-3 contributes to acute inflammation in the eye using the endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) model. Systemic administration of lipopolysaccharide induced an increase in MMP-3 mRNA and protein expression level in the posterior part of the eye. MMP-3 deficiency or knockdown suppressed retinal leukocyte adhesion and leukocyte infiltration into the vitreous cavity in mice subjected to EIU. Moreover, retinal and RPE mRNA levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (Icam1), interleukin 6 (Il6), cytokine-inducible nitrogen oxide synthase (Nos2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnf alpha), which are key molecules involved in EIU, were clearly reduced in MMP-3 deficient mice. In addition, loss of MMP-3 repressed the upregulation of the chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1). These findings suggest a contribution of MMP-3 during EIU, and its potential use as a therapeutic drug target in reducing ocular inflammation
Correlation between the Extraordinary Hall Effect and Resistivity
We study the contribution of different types of scattering sources to the
extraordinary Hall effect. Scattering by magnetic nano-particles embedded in
normal-metal matrix, insulating impurities in magnetic matrix, surface
scattering and temperature dependent scattering are experimentally tested. Our
new data, as well as previously published results on a variety of materials,
are fairly interpreted by a simple modification of the skew scattering model
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