4 research outputs found
Potential Role of Intensive Bird Growing during Outbreaks of Viral Zoonosis in Ukraine, Russian Federation, Kazakhstan and Belarus (on the Model Viruses Highly Pathogenic Influenza and Newcastle Diseases): Systematic Review
The paper highlights the impact of two cross-border poultry infections with zoonotic potential (avian flu and Newcastle disease) on the functioning of industrial poultry farms in the former Soviet Union counties (Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan), where the poultry industry is fairly well-developed. Despite the permanent vaccination of poultry against Newcastle disease in industrial poultry farming, the disease still affects individual farms in Ukraine, the Russian Federation, and Kazakhstan. In case of outbreaks, the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan use inactivated influenza vaccines. In Ukraine, for almost 20 years, outbreaks of influenza have been confirmed mainly on individual farms, and one outbreak of highly pathogenic influenza was reported on an industrial poultry farm in 2020. In the Russian Federation, highly pathogenic influenza occurs on industrial poultry farms more often. In Russia, seven industrial poultry enterprises were affected by influenza in 2016-2017, and eight in 2018. Infection of poultry with influenza virus on poultry factory farms is an indication of shortcomings in compliance with biosecurity measures. Influenza and Newcastle disease are always likely to occur in the countries in question, as wild birds migrate through their territory, and they are a reservoir of pathogens, therefore outbreaks are often associated with spring and autumn migrations of wild birds. In all of said countries, a large number of poultry is kept by individual households, where basic biosecurity, sanitation and preventive vaccination measures are not applied. This component is often crucial in bringing viral infections such as influenza and Newcastle disease on large poultry farms. As a result, the virus is brought onto poultry farms by synanthropic birds, humans, transport, feed, etc
Π ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΊΠ° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π·Π°Ρ ΠΈΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅Π»Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ²
Concrete floors are most commonly used in animal housing. However, the specific environment of livestock buildings (moisture, urine, disinfectants) has a negative effect on concrete and leads to its corrosion. The influence of chemical and physical factors on concrete is reinforced by the development of microorganisms, which quickly adapt and use concrete as a living environment.
To reduce the influence of an aggressive environment on the concrete floor, an experimental mixture of dry disinfectants was proposed.
The components of the disinfection mixture have been selected taking into account the safety for animals and humans.
The TPD-MS method was used to determine the change in the chemical composition of concrete. To study the microstructure of concrete, the method of scanning electron microscopy was used.
Microbiological studies revealed bacteria A. Thiooxidans, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enteritidis, S. Π‘holeraesuis, C. Perfringen and micromycetes of the genus Cladosporium, Fusariums, Aspergillus, which contribute to the development of biological corrosion of concrete in livestock buildings. The fact of the negative impact of concentrated disinfectants on the structure of concrete was also established.
As a result of the studies carried out, it was proved that a mixture of dry components for disinfection exhibits antimicrobial properties to varying degrees to the strains of field isolates of bacteria and fungi isolated in a pig-breeding farm. It was found that when using the proposed mixture of dry disinfectants in the research room of the pigsty, the relative humidity decreases by 38.5Β %; ammonia content β by 46.2Β %; hydrogen sulfide β by 57.8Β %; microbial bodies β by 74.7Β %, compared with the control room.
It has been experimentally proven that the proposed mixture of dry disinfecting components has hygroscopic and antimicrobial properties and is promising for use in livestock farms.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π²Π»Π°Π³Π°, ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°, Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°) ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΡΡΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ» Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²
ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ TPD-MS ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ.
ΠΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ A. Thiooxidans, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enteritidis, S. Π‘holeraesuis, C. Perfringen ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Cladosporium, Fusariums, Aspergillus, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π° Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π°.
Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΊ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π² ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ
ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΉΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ² Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π³ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ². Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° 38,5 %; ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ°ΠΊΠ° β Π½Π° 46,2 %; ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π° β Π½Π° 57,8 %; ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π» β Π½Π° 74,7 %, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ.
ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅Π·ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½. ΠΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ (Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈ) ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΉΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡ. ΠΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ² Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΠ² Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ»ΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΡΠ·ΠΌΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΎ Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½, ΡΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ.
ΠΠ»Ρ Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ Π°Π³ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠ³Ρ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π° ΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠ΄ΡΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π· ΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π΄ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΡΡΠΌΡΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ TPD-MS Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΌΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡ.
ΠΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ A. Thiooxidans, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enteritidis, S. Π‘holeraesuis, C. Perfringen ΡΠ° ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Cladosporium, Fusariums, Aspergillus, ΡΠΊΡ ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ·ΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ Ρ ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΆ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ.
Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠ·Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡΠ² Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ° Π³ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ². ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΌΡΡΡ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ² Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° 38,5 %; Π²ΠΌΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡ β Π½Π° 46,2 %; ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ β Π½Π° 57,8 %; ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ» β Π½Π° 74,7 %, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ²Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ.
ΠΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΡΠΌΡΡ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅Π·ΡΠ½ΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π³ΡΠ³ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ Π²Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Genotyping of pathogenic leptospira by Multiple Locus Variable-number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA)
ObjectiveTo introduce the method of molecular genotyping (MLVA) to determine the genotype of field isolates of leptospira.IntroductionLeptospirosis (ictherohemoglobinuria, Leptospirosis biliousness) is a natural focal and zoonotic infectious disease dangerous for humans and farm animals. It is important to identify specific leptospira strains isolated from rodents or sick and suspicious animals by the serotype or genotype. In comparison with serotyping using micro agglutination test (MAT), molecular genotyping makes it possible to accurately identify a specific pathogen strain. The genetic classification now becomes more significant than the phenotypic classification.MethodsSpecific oligonucleotide primers, which flank fragments of the genome locus of pathogenic leptospira varies in terms of the number of tandem repeats VNTR-4, -7, -10 specific for L.interrogans, L.kirschneri, and L.borgpetersenii were used. The amplification products were detected using agar gel electrophoresis with the following identification of the fragment length with a molecular weight marker and comparison with the collection of VNTR profiles of the strains described in the literature.ResultsIt was established that the method of leptospira molecular genotyping by determining the number of variable tandem repeats of a locus (VNTR-variable number tandem repeats analysis) is suitable for molecular epizootology studies in Ukraine. The advantages of the method are the simplicity of performance and availability for diagnostic and research laboratories in Ukraine compared to other pathogen genome sequencing based genotyping methods, in particular Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) or Multispacer Sequence Typing (MST), which require complex equipment and operating conditions. The reference strain of Leptospira M20 serotype Copengageni serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae from the NAAS IVM collection of was studied and its VNTR profile was identified with the genotype of the strain Fiocruz L1-130 that is described in the literature as a serotype of Copengageni serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. The genotype of the leptospira field isolate obtained from a rat in Lviv Oblast of Ukraine was specified and its identity was established in the aforementioned genotype. The obtained data support the prospects of using MLVA genotyping method to study the distribution of different genotypes of leptospira. The research will continue to study the specificities of molecular epizootology of leptospirosis in Ukraine.ConclusionsThe method of leptospira molecular genotyping by multilocus analysis of the number of variable tandem repeats has been tested in the Leptospirosis Research Laboratory in collaboration with the Museum of Microorganisms at the National Academy of Sciences, the Ukraine Institute of Veterinary Medicine, the ELISA and PCR Research Laboratory, and the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University. The genotype of the reference strain has been correlated with its serological profile; identification of the genotype of the field isolate pathogenic leptospira has been completed. The tested method is planned to be implemented in surveillance and control over leptospirosis spreading in Ukraine, and aimed to help in development and improvement of leptospirosis vaccine formulations. Additionally, method of Multiple-Locus Variable number tandem repeat Analysis will be used for molecular epidemiology research in Ukraine.ReferencesSalaΓΌn L, MΓ©rien F, Gurianova S, Baranton G, Picardeau M. Application of multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis for molecular typing of the agent of leptospirosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44(11):3954-3962. doi:10.1128/JCM.00336-06.Caimi K, Repetto SA, Varni V, Ruybal P. Infection , Genetics and Evolution Leptospira species molecular epidemiology in the genomic era. Infect Genet Evol. 2017;54(July):478-485. doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2017.08.013.Ayral F, Zilber AL, Bicout DJ, Kodjo A, Artois M, Djelouadji Z. Distribution of leptospira interrogans by multispacer sequence typing in urban Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus): A survey in France in 2011-2013. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):1-14. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139604
Development of A Method of Protection of Concrete Floors of Animal Buildings From Corrosion at the Expense of Using Dry Disinfectants
Concrete floors are most commonly used in animal housing. However, the specific environment of livestock buildings (moisture, urine, disinfectants) has a negative effect on concrete and leads to its corrosion. The influence of chemical and physical factors on concrete is reinforced by the development of microorganisms, which quickly adapt and use concrete as a living environment.
To reduce the influence of an aggressive environment on the concrete floor, an experimental mixture of dry disinfectants was proposed.
The components of the disinfection mixture have been selected taking into account the safety for animals and humans.
The TPD-MS method was used to determine the change in the chemical composition of concrete. To study the microstructure of concrete, the method of scanning electron microscopy was used.
Microbiological studies revealed bacteria A. Thiooxidans, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enteritidis, S. Π‘holeraesuis, C. Perfringen and micromycetes of the genus Cladosporium, Fusariums, Aspergillus, which contribute to the development of biological corrosion of concrete in livestock buildings. The fact of the negative impact of concentrated disinfectants on the structure of concrete was also established.
As a result of the studies carried out, it was proved that a mixture of dry components for disinfection exhibits antimicrobial properties to varying degrees to the strains of field isolates of bacteria and fungi isolated in a pig-breeding farm. It was found that when using the proposed mixture of dry disinfectants in the research room of the pigsty, the relative humidity decreases by 38.5 %; ammonia content β by 46.2 %; hydrogen sulfide β by 57.8 %; microbial bodies β by 74.7 %, compared with the control room.
It has been experimentally proven that the proposed mixture of dry disinfecting components has hygroscopic and antimicrobial properties and is promising for use in livestock farms