Synthesis, characterization, swelling behavior and metal uptake studies of dichloroglyoxime crosslinked chitosan derivative

New crosslinked derivative of chitosan was prepared by the condensation reaction of chitosan (CS) and dichloro glyoxime. Structural analysis of chitosan derivative (CSL) was performed by elemental analysis (C, H, N), SEM measurements, FT-IR, solid-state 13C CP/MAS NMR, XRD-powder and TGA. Crosslinking ratio was determined from the elemental analysis by using the C/N and found to be 70%. The swelling behavior of derivative was investigated on pH 3-7 and 10 at 25 and 37°C. Metal ion uptake capacity was studied towards of selected transition metals Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Fe(II) and (Cd(II) cations in aqueous medium. According to the results of the analyses; water retention capacity and metal uptake capacity of new cross-linked chitosan derivative is higher than chitosan and metal uptake sequence are Cu(II) > Fe(II) >Cd(II) > Co(II) > Ni(II) respectively

Synthesis, Characterization, Swelling, and Metal Uptake Studies of Aryl Cross-Linked Chitosan Hydrogels

Today, many chemical modifications are being made to increase the utilization of chitosan and to make the best use of it. In this study, four novel cross-linked chitosan derivatives in the form of hydrogel (CS-L1 CS-L2, CS-L3, and CS-L4) were prepared by the condensation of chitosan with anisole-based phenolic and nonphenolic aromatic dicarbonyls. Structural analyses were performed by elemental analysis (C, H, N), scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, 13C-CP/MAS (cross-polarization, magic angle spinning) nuclear magnetic resonance, powder X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis techniques. Metal ion uptake capacities were studied for selected transition-metal cations in aqueous medium. The amount of metal ions was determined by microwave plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. In addition, the swelling behaviors were investigated at different temperatures (25 and 37 °C) and at different pH values (3, 7, and 10). The order of the selectivity of cross-linked chitosan derivatives toward metal ions was found to be Cu­(II) > Cd­(II) > Fe­(II) > Co­(II) > Ni­(II). The results showed that the derivatives exhibited the property of hydrogel and suggest that they could be applied in many areas such as metal removing, water removing, and biological applications

Examination of firik produced in Hatay region in terms of nutritional aspect

Bu çalışmada, Hatay bölgesinde üretilen Firiğin besin değeri, dört Firik numunesi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Firik örneklerinin protein, kül, nem, toplam şeker, yağ, tuz, ham selüloz içerikleri ve yağ asidi profili belirlenerek elde edilen değerler bulgur ve pirinç gibi benzer gıdalar ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Firiğin, protein ve kül içeriği bulgur ve pirinçten yüksek, şeker ve yağ içeriği ise daha düşüktür. Buna ek olarak, esansiyel yağ asitleri olarak bilinen yüksek miktarda linoleik asit ve oldukça uygun miktarda linolenik asit elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Hatay'da üretilen Firiğin karbonhidrat esaslı diğer gıdalardan daha iyi besinsel özelliklere sahiptir. Elde edilen veriler Firi k günlük diyetin besin değerini artırmak için kullanılabileceğini göstermektedirIn this study, nutritional value of Firik produced in Hatay region was examined by using four Firik samples collected from local farmers. Amount of protein, ash, moisture, total sugar, fat, salt, raw cellulose and fatty acid profile were determined and estimated values were compared with similar foods such as bulgur and rice. Protein and ash contents of Firik samples were higher than bulgur and rice, while sugar and fat contents were lower. In addition, higher amount of linoleic acid and remarkably adequate amount of linolenic acid generally known as essential fatty acids were obtained. The results showed that Firik produced in Hatay can be considered to use as a reinforcement ingredient for improving nutritional value of daily meals, as it has better nutritional properties than the other resemble carbohydrate-based food

Electropolymerization of Cu-II-(N,N '-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)-2-aminobenzylamine) on platinum electrode: Application to the electrocatalytic reduction of hydrogen peroxide

WOS: 000292230800031The complex of copper (II) with N,N'-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)-2-aminobenzylamine (H2L) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, UV-vis. and FT-IR spectroscopy. The results showed that the tetradentate ligand coordinated to the Cu(II) ion through the azomethine nitrogen and phenolic oxygen atoms. The prepared complex [CuL] was electropolymerized on platinum electrode surface in a 0.1 mol dm(-3) solution of lithium perchlorate in acetonitrile by cyclic voltammetry between 0 and 1.6V vs. Ag/Ag+. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), conductance measurements, FT-IR and SEM were used to characterize polymer film of Cu(II) complex. The reduction of hydrogen peroxide on poly[CuL] has been investigated mainly in phosphate buffer medium (pH 7.2), between 0 and -0.8 V versus Ag/Ag+ at a scan rate 0.1 V s(-1). (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Comparison of chemical composition of the essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. leaves and fruits from different regions of Hatay, Turkey

The essential oils of the leaves and fruits from bay (Laurus nobilis L.) grown in Antakya, Yayladagi and Samandagi were isolated by solvent extraction and analysed by capillary gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In Antakya, Yayladagi and Samandagi the chemical compositions of the fruits and leaves were similar according to qualitative and quantitative analysis. Although in both fruits and leaves the major component was found to be 1.8-Cineole a concentration of about 50% compared with essential oils. The composition of the essential oil from the leaves has high content of 1.8-Cineole, Sabinene and alpha-Terpinyl acetate, but a low content of alpha-Pinene, alpha-Phellandrene and trans-beta-osimen. 1.8-Cineole was found major component of the leaves essential oil collected from Samandagi (59.94%) which is sea coast of region. Interestingly alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene, alpha-Phellandrene, 1.8-Cineole and trans-beta-osimen were found the major components of fruits of Laurus nobilis L. harvested from Antakya, Yayladagi and Samandagi. Trans-beta-osimen was detected as the major component of fruits essential oil collected again from Samandagi (28.35%)

İyi diferansiye tiroid kanserlerinde evreleme sistemlerinin prognozun belirlenmesindeki yeri

Objective: In this study we aimed to determine the significance of the staging systems (EORTC, De Groot, MACIS, and TNM) on the prognosis of well differentiated thyroid cancer patients who underwent surgery in our clinic.Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 181 patients who were operated between December 1995-December 2007, with diagnosis of thyroid cancer. In order to obtain data related to cancer staging, a computer program for PDA was developed to enter determined parameters easily. Survival analyses were performed. The findings were compared with the prescribed rates by the staging systems. Results: According to the De Groot staging system, stage 1 and stage 2 patients’ results were compatible, stage 3 and 4 patients’ results were determined to be different (stage 3; 87% versus 66.6%, stage 4; 35% versus 100%, p=0.04). In the MACIS staging system, 20-year survival rates are determined and there is insufficient follow-up period in this study for compaison. Compared to the EORTC staging system, stage 3 and stage 4 patients’ results were determined different (stage 3; 51% versus 100%, stage 4; 33% versus 50%, p=0.02). The most consistent results in terms of prognosis was determined in comparison with the TNM staging system (stage 1; 100% versus 97.8%, stage 4; 45.3% versus 50%).Conclusion: Until recently, in order to be able to predict the behavior of the tumor, many classification systems were made up for well differentiated thyroid cancer. In this study, we concluded that in the determination of the prognosis of well-differentiated thyroid cancer, the TNM staging system can determine the prognosis in a manner consistent with the clinical findings.Amaç: Bu çalışmada, iyi diferansiye tiroid kanserli hastaların prognozunun belirlenmesinde kullanılan; EORTC, De Groot, TNM ve MACIS evreleme sistemlerinin, kliniğimizde ameliyat edilen ve tiroid kanseri tanısı konan hastaların prognozunun belirlenmesindeki yerinin irdelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Retrospektif olan çalışma, Aralık 1995-Aralık 2007 tarihleri arasında ameliyat edilen ve tiroid kanseri tanısı alan toplam 181 hastayı kapsamaktadır. Evrelemeye ait verilerin elde edilmesi için parametrelerin kolayca girilebileceği ve bir PDA uygulaması olan bir bilgisayar programı geliştirildi. Sağkalım analizleri gerçekleştirildi. Elde edilen bulgular, evreleme sistemlerinin ön gördüğü oranlar ile karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: De Groot evreleme sistemine göre, evre 1 ve evre 2 hastaların sonuçları uyumlu iken evre 3 ve 4 hastaların sonuçlarının farklı olduğu belirlendi (evre 3; %87'e karşın %66.6, evre 4; %35'e karşın %100, p=0.04). MACIS evreleme sisteminde 20 yıllık sağkalım oranları belirlenmiş olup, bu çalışmadaki takip süreleri yetersiz olduğundan karşılaştırma yapılamadı. EORTC evreleme sistemi ile karşılaştırıldığında, evre 3 ve evre 4 hastaların sonuçlarında farklılık olduğu belirlendi (evre 3; %51'e karşın %100, evre 4; %33'e karşın %50, p=0.02). Prognoz açısından en uyumlu sonuçlar TNM evreleme sistemi ile yapılan karşılaştırmada belirlendi (evre 1; %100'e karşın %97.8, evre 4; %45.3'e karşın %50).Sonuç: Tümör davranışını tahmin edebilmek amacıyla, iyi diferansiye tiroid kanserleri için, günümüze dek birçok sınıflama yapıldı. Bu çalışmada, iyi diferansiye tiroid kanseri prognozunun belirlenmesinde TNM evreleme sisteminin klinik ile en uyumlu bir şekilde prognozu belirleyebildiği sonucuna varıldı

Efficacy of simvastatin in reducing postoperative adhesions after thyroidectomy: an experimental study

WOS: 000396649200002PubMed ID: 27735220Background: We aimed to investigate whether simvastatin had any impact on the prevention of adhesion formation after thyroidectomy in a rat model. Methods: This study was performed in 66 Wistar albino rats randomized into three experimental groups. A right hemithyroidectomy was carried out in all the rats. Simvastatin was administered locally at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg and 0.8 mg/kg. Control rats received a saline solution only. Changes during the 1st week, 1st month and 3rd month were evaluated. Efficacy of the treatment was assessed by using a scoring system. Results: The severity of adhesions in low-dose simvastatin group was significantly less than the control and high-dose groups during the 1st and 3rd month (p <. 05). In addition, adhesions were less in the high dose group during the 3rd month, when compared to the control group (p <. 05). Moreover, fibrosis and fibroblast scores, which represent adhesions, were significantly lower in low-dose and high-dose groups at 3rd month, compared to controls (p <. 05). Conclusions: We investigated the influence of simvastatin application on post-thyroidectomy adhesion formation in rats. Whether adhesions, causing technical difficulties during neck redo surgery, can be reduced by the use of simvastatin in human, needs to be studied