Bringing Craft Back: A Netnographic Study of Etsy as an Online Marketplace Community

With over 800,000 sellers and total sales reaching $80 million, Etsy has experienced tremendous success since its introduction in 2005 (Hall, 2013). Bringing artists, crafters, collectors, and consumers together around handmade and vintage products as well as supplies, Etsy has developed into an online marketplace centered on the crafting community. Previous research on consumption communities has primarily examined communities formed through interest in brands (Cova, 1997; Muñiz & O’Guinn, 2001)

Caswell County Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Access Project

Background: A lack of access to and consumption of diverse, healthy, fresh fruits and vegetables is linked to negative health outcomes. Caswell County, North Carolina is a rural food desert, and its low-income residents are vulnerable to diet-related illnesses, particularly cardiovascular disease and obesity. Methods: The Capstone team completed four deliverables culminating in recommendations for sustainable improvements to access to fresh fruits and vegetables in Caswell County. Each product represented a sequential phase of data collection necessary to make evidence-based recommendations. The first deliverable was an in-depth, qualitative community assessment, informed by key informant interviews, online survey data, and extensive field observation. The second deliverable consisted of a mixed-methods assessment of 22 retail food outlets in the county, based on the pricing, promotion, placement, and product availability of fruits and vegetables. Following this fieldwork, the Capstone team reviewed four categories of existing intervention models to inform a recommendation of the most appropriate fit for Caswell County. The fourth and last deliverable laid the foundation for a pilot implementation of the recommended intervention model. The Capstone team conducted interviews with four storeowners to determine their readiness to implement a healthy corner store pilot program in Caswell County. Results: The community assessment, food outlet survey, and review of intervention models informed the Capstone team's recommendation of a healthy corner store initiative for Caswell County. This recommendation was made based on limited funding and dedicated staffing, and was designed to build on Caswell's existing food system infrastructure. The storeowner interviews laid out first steps in the implementation of a pilot project to be conducted by the Community Transformation Grant Project, the Capstone partner organization in Caswell County. Discussion: The assessment tools and guidance for adapting intervention models developed by the Capstone team laid the foundation for enhancing access to fresh fruits and vegetables in Caswell County via healthy corner stores. The findings from this project have implications for rural food deserts around the county by contributing to the evidence base for best practices in limited resource settings.Master of Public Healt

Fourth Ventricular Schwannoma: Identical Clinicopathologic Features as Schwann Cell-Derived Schwannoma with Unique Etiopathologic Origins

Background. To our knowledge, this is the sixth reported case in the literature of fourth ventricular schwannoma. The etiology and natural history of intraventricular schwannomas is not well understood. A thorough review of potential etiopathogenic mechanisms is provided in this case report. Case Description. A 69-year-old man presented with an incidentally found fourth ventricular tumor during an evaluation for generalized weakness, gait instability, and memory disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a heterogeneously enhancing lesion in the fourth ventricle. A suboccipital craniotomy was performed to resect the lesion. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of schwannoma (WHO grade I). Conclusions. Schwannomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intraventricular tumors. Although the embryologic origins may be different from nerve sheath-derived schwannomas, the histologic, clinical, and natural history appear identical and thus should be managed similarly

Using qualitative data to inform the adaptation of a stroke preparedness health intervention

Qualitative research methods are often used to develop health interventions, but few researchers report how their qualitative data informed intervention development. Improved completeness of reporting may facilitate the development of effective behavior change interventions. Our objective was to describe how we used qualitative data to develop our stroke education intervention consisting of a pamphlet and video. First, we created a questionnaire grounded in the theory of planned behavior to determine reasons people delay in activating emergency medical services and presenting to the hospital after stroke symptom onset. From our questionnaire data, we identified theoretical constructs that affect behavior which informed the active components of our intervention. We then conducted cognitive interviews to determine emergency department patients’ understanding of the intervention pamphlet and video. Our cognitive interview data provided insight into how our intervention might produce behavior change. Our hope is that other researchers will similarly reflect upon and report on how they used their qualitative data to develop health interventions

A validated integrated clinical and molecular glioblastoma long-term survival-predictive nomogram.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adulthood. Despite multimodality treatments, including maximal safe resection followed by irradiation and chemotherapy, the median overall survival times range from 14 to 16 months. However, a small subset of GBM patients live beyond 5 years and are thus considered long-term survivors. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical, radiographic, and molecular features of patients with newly diagnosed primary GBM who underwent treatment at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center was conducted. Eighty patients had sufficient quantity and quality of tissue available for next-generation sequencing and immunohistochemical analysis. Factors associated with survival time were identified using proportional odds ordinal regression. We constructed a survival-predictive nomogram using a forward stepwise model that we subsequently validated using The Cancer Genome Atlas. Results: Univariate analysis revealed 3 pivotal genetic alterations associated with GBM survival: both high tumor mutational burden ( Conclusions: Our newly devised long-term surviva

Volume 10

Introduction Dr. Roger A. Byrne An Analysis of Media Framing in Cases of Violence Against Women by Taylor Hogg Writing in the Discipline of Nursing by Tiffany Carter Photography by Brandyn Johnson The Hidden Life of Beef Cattle: A Study of Cattle Welfare on Traditional Ranches and Industrial Farms by Haleigh James Bloodworth\u27s by Josh Baker and Tyler Cernak Prosimians: Little Bodies, Big Significance by Kirsten Bauer Skinformed by Allie Snavely Coopertition and Gracious Professionalism: The Effects of First Robotics Folklore and Culture on the Stem Community by Mary Zell Galen Tilt by Eric Powell And Thomas Wise The Millennial Generation and Protest Politics: How Social Media Affects Civic Engagement by Katie Kinsey Effects of Intergenerational Daycares: Parents\u27 Perception of Early Childhood Socialization with Elderly Populations by Beth Barbolla, Maeleigh Ferlet, Rebecca Morra Speech and Intelligence: Does My Use of AAE Label Me Incompetent? By Michala Day Stimulation of Dendritic Cells with Dimethylfumarate Leads to Cd-4 Th2 T-Cells Immune Responses in Multiple Sclerosis and Psoriasis by Alexandra Evangelista, Max Flores, Harley Hodges, and Clardene Jones The Hunt by Harrison Samaniego The Rise of Structural Individualism: Millennial Attitudes Towards Welfare and Poverty by Jamesha Watson A Rhetorical Analysis of Pope Francis\u27s Address to U.S. Congress on September 24, 2015: A Petition for the Revival of Community and Common Values by Abby Gargiulo Photomontage Poster by Heather Green Love You to Death: Repressed Desires in Poe\u27s The Black Cat by Haley Klepatzki Muhammad Ali by Juan Guevara No end to it, baby : Pynchon, Communication, and The Crying of Lot 49 by Dani Bondurant The Sun Has Set on Britain By Michael Joseph Link, Jr. The Handbettering Campaign by Pamela Dahl Ceremony Marks FDR\u27s Continuance as Leader as War Goes On: An Analysis Of FDR\u27s Fourth Inauguration and How It Reflected the Effect of the War in American Society by Maeve Losen How White Is for Witching and Get Out Challenge Western Xenophobia by Charlotte Murphe

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK.

BACKGROUND: A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. METHODS: This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Participants aged 18 years and older were randomly assigned (1:1) to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or control (meningococcal group A, C, W, and Y conjugate vaccine or saline). Participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group received two doses containing 5 × 1010 viral particles (standard dose; SD/SD cohort); a subset in the UK trial received a half dose as their first dose (low dose) and a standard dose as their second dose (LD/SD cohort). The primary efficacy analysis included symptomatic COVID-19 in seronegative participants with a nucleic acid amplification test-positive swab more than 14 days after a second dose of vaccine. Participants were analysed according to treatment received, with data cutoff on Nov 4, 2020. Vaccine efficacy was calculated as 1 - relative risk derived from a robust Poisson regression model adjusted for age. Studies are registered at ISRCTN89951424 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606, NCT04400838, and NCT04444674. FINDINGS: Between April 23 and Nov 4, 2020, 23 848 participants were enrolled and 11 636 participants (7548 in the UK, 4088 in Brazil) were included in the interim primary efficacy analysis. In participants who received two standard doses, vaccine efficacy was 62·1% (95% CI 41·0-75·7; 27 [0·6%] of 4440 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group vs71 [1·6%] of 4455 in the control group) and in participants who received a low dose followed by a standard dose, efficacy was 90·0% (67·4-97·0; three [0·2%] of 1367 vs 30 [2·2%] of 1374; pinteraction=0·010). Overall vaccine efficacy across both groups was 70·4% (95·8% CI 54·8-80·6; 30 [0·5%] of 5807 vs 101 [1·7%] of 5829). From 21 days after the first dose, there were ten cases hospitalised for COVID-19, all in the control arm; two were classified as severe COVID-19, including one death. There were 74 341 person-months of safety follow-up (median 3·4 months, IQR 1·3-4·8): 175 severe adverse events occurred in 168 participants, 84 events in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 91 in the control group. Three events were classified as possibly related to a vaccine: one in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group, one in the control group, and one in a participant who remains masked to group allocation. INTERPRETATION: ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has an acceptable safety profile and has been found to be efficacious against symptomatic COVID-19 in this interim analysis of ongoing clinical trials. FUNDING: UK Research and Innovation, National Institutes for Health Research (NIHR), Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Lemann Foundation, Rede D'Or, Brava and Telles Foundation, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Thames Valley and South Midland's NIHR Clinical Research Network, and AstraZeneca

Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK

Background A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. Methods This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Africa. Participants aged 18 years and older were randomly assigned (1:1) to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine or control (meningococcal group A, C, W, and Y conjugate vaccine or saline). Participants in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group received two doses containing 5 × 1010 viral particles (standard dose; SD/SD cohort); a subset in the UK trial received a half dose as their first dose (low dose) and a standard dose as their second dose (LD/SD cohort). The primary efficacy analysis included symptomatic COVID-19 in seronegative participants with a nucleic acid amplification test-positive swab more than 14 days after a second dose of vaccine. Participants were analysed according to treatment received, with data cutoff on Nov 4, 2020. Vaccine efficacy was calculated as 1 - relative risk derived from a robust Poisson regression model adjusted for age. Studies are registered at ISRCTN89951424 and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04324606, NCT04400838, and NCT04444674. Findings Between April 23 and Nov 4, 2020, 23 848 participants were enrolled and 11 636 participants (7548 in the UK, 4088 in Brazil) were included in the interim primary efficacy analysis. In participants who received two standard doses, vaccine efficacy was 62·1% (95% CI 41·0–75·7; 27 [0·6%] of 4440 in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group vs71 [1·6%] of 4455 in the control group) and in participants who received a low dose followed by a standard dose, efficacy was 90·0% (67·4–97·0; three [0·2%] of 1367 vs 30 [2·2%] of 1374; pinteraction=0·010). Overall vaccine efficacy across both groups was 70·4% (95·8% CI 54·8–80·6; 30 [0·5%] of 5807 vs 101 [1·7%] of 5829). From 21 days after the first dose, there were ten cases hospitalised for COVID-19, all in the control arm; two were classified as severe COVID-19, including one death. There were 74 341 person-months of safety follow-up (median 3·4 months, IQR 1·3–4·8): 175 severe adverse events occurred in 168 participants, 84 events in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group and 91 in the control group. Three events were classified as possibly related to a vaccine: one in the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 group, one in the control group, and one in a participant who remains masked to group allocation. Interpretation ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has an acceptable safety profile and has been found to be efficacious against symptomatic COVID-19 in this interim analysis of ongoing clinical trials

Effects of Plant Damage, Herbivore-Associated Cues, and Learning on Foraging Behavior of a Parasitoid Wasp

Behavioral assays of the parasitic wasp Microplitis croceipes Cresson (Hyrnenoptera: Braconidae) were made at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA during the summer of 2001, in a screened in mesh with a 5 X 5 cotton patch. I quantified the influence of plant and host-associated cues and learning foraging behavior, using the interaction between the parasitoid M. croceipes, cotton Gossypium hirsuium L. (Malvales: Malvaceae), and host larvae Helicoverpa zea(Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) as a tritrophic model. Twenty-five cotton plants were arranged in a 5 m x 5 m array, five of which served as treatments that contained different combinations of wasp foraging cues (plant damage, host frass, and host larvae). These manipulated plants are referred to as target plants. Eight different combinations of cues were applied to the target plants: whole damage (all three foraging cues), control (no cues added), plant damage and larva, plant damage and frass, plant damage only, larva and frass, larva only, and frass only. Sequence and duration of hovering, searching, scanning, preening, landing, and stinging were recorded. Behavioral diagrams were constructed to examine the sequence of foraging behavior of M. croceipes in relation to specific combinations of plant and host-associated cues. Parasitic wasps used a specific behavioral sequence to forage for hosts depending on the combination of foraging cues present. More total time was allocated to target plants in the treatment containing plant damage, larvae, and frass cues combined. Less time was allocated to target plants in the treatment with no cues added. The comparisons of the number of host stings (which indicates possible ovipostition), the durations of behaviors in relation to the target plants, retention times in the patch and the number of target site visits suggest that plant damage cues were sufficient in aiding wasps in host plant and host location, but that adding frass helped wasps accomplish this more rapidly. Also, comparisons between the patch retention times, duration of behaviors, and number of target sites visited with and without the presence of larvae suggest that contact with larvae improves the rate at which wasps find and successfully locate sites where foraging cues are present, and increase their motivation for searching. The ability of wasps to allocate less time to foraging behaviors after the prior sting of a H. zea larva and after prior visits to target sites was quantified to show the increase in foraging efficacy by wasp learning. M. croceipes exhibited learning behavior by reducing time spent in all foraging behaviors after host sting and after subsequent landings on target sites for most treatment combinations. The wasps allocated less time to all behaviors combined after subsequent host sting for all treatments that contained larvae and at least one other foraging cue (whole plant damage, damaged plant and larva, and larva and frass). Wasps did not show learning in relation to these behaviors in the larvae only treatment. Parasitoids spent less time searching and hovering after prior sting in the whole plant damage, damaged plant and larva, and larva and frass treatments. Parasitoids allocated less total time when duration of all behaviors was combined for all treatments. M. croceipes use an efficient system to forage for larval hosts. All components of the tritrophic system (plant, herbivore, and host pest) are important in pest management. Cues emanating from these trophic levels work together in attracting wasps to plants containing signals of herbivore presence. When one cue is absent, host-foraging efficacy is reduced. Learning enhances parasitoids\u27 ability to respond to plant and herbivore associated cues