“Rapid-Impact Interventions”: How a Policy of Integrated Control for Africa's Neglected Tropical Diseases Could Benefit the Poor

Controlling seven tropical infections in Africa would cost just 40 cents per person per year, and would permanently benefit hundreds of millions of people

Girls in Mining: Research Findings from Ghana, Niger, Peru, and United Republic of Tanzania

[Excerpt] Research carried out by the International Labour Organization’s International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (ILO–IPEC) between April and December 2006 has produced evidence that girls as well as boys are involved in hazardous work in the small-scale mining industry. Due to the fact that boys are statistically more likely to be involved in hazardous child labour than girls, 1 the appalling work of girls is often overlooked. In the small-scale mining industry especially, little is understood about the roles and activities of girls and the effect that this has on their lives and livelihoods. Not much is known of the dynamics that brought them into this type of employment and consequently what could lead them out of it. The issue of girl child labour in mining is largely unknown, it is often not fully recognized by the law, and missed by the intervention services and the media. New evidence presented in this paper challenges the general understanding of gender roles in small-scale mining communities. It forces us to acknowledge a more intricate reality for boys and girls as the evidence shows that the involvement of girl child labour in mining is much more frequent and far-reaching than was previously recognized. The assumption that girls are only involved in prostitution and domestic work is incorrect; girls are involved in tasks related to the extraction, transportation and processing stages of mining as well as in other mining-related jobs such as selling food and supplies to the miners. The gender balance appears to be shifting. Girls are involved in more and more hazardous occupations deeper into the interiors of the mine, but at the same time they are also upheld to their traditional female responsibilities in the home. The result is that girls in mining communities are forced to juggle their domestic tasks with other paid or non-paid work. Often, girls are performing just as hazardous tasks as boys, working longer hours, with a greater workload and often have a lesser chance of schooling, withdrawal or rehabilitation

Small-scale capture fisheries: a global overview with emphasis on developing countries: a preliminary report of the Big Numbers Project

The report gives a summary of the results to-date of case studies carried out in a selected number of countries which provides a first analysis of the differences between marine and inland small and large scale fisheries in developing countries. It has been prepared for the conference ôSecuring Sustainable Small-scale Fisheries: Bringing together responsible fisheries and social developmentö in Bangkok, Thailand, on 13-17 October 2008 and is intended for policy and decision makers and others with an interest in sustainable fisheries and poverty alleviation.Artisanal fishing, Small scale fisheries

A comparison of trends in caesarean section rates in former communist (transition) countries and other European countries

Caesarean section rates are rising across Europe, and concerns exist that increases are not clinically indicated. Societal, cultural and health system factors have been identified as influential. Former communist (transition) countries have experienced radical changes in these potential determinants, and we, therefore, hypothesized they may exhibit differing trends to non-transition countries. By analysing data from the WHO Europe Health for All Database, we find transition countries had a relatively low caesarean section rate in 2000 but have since experienced more rapid increases than other countries (average annual percentage change 7.9 vs. 2.4)

Chronic Disease Self-Management Challenges among Rural Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Prakasam, Andhra Pradesh, India: A Qualitative Study.

Rural women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) in India experience challenges self-managing HIV/AIDS in their rural communities. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore factors influencing their care and antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence. Themes that emerged from the qualitative focus groups among WLHA (N = 24) in rural Prakasam, Andhra Pradesh, India, included: (1) coming to know about HIV and other health conditions, (2) experiences being on ART, (3) challenges maintaining a nutritious diet, (4) factors affecting health care access and quality, and (5) seeking support for a better future. Chronic disease self-management in rural locales is challenging, given the number of barriers which rural women experience on a daily basis. These findings suggest a need for individual- and structural-level supports that will aid in assisting rural WLHA to self-manage HIV/AIDS as a chronic illness

2033 Long Range Transportation Plan and FY 2010-2013 Transportation Improvement Program

40 pages. Prepared by the West-Memphis Metropolitan Planning Organization, in association with the United States Department of Transportation, the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department

Discrimination at Work: Africa

Fact sheet on discrimination in Africa, prepared by the ILO

International Action on Discrimination

Timeline of action in support of fundamental right to non discrimination in the workplace, taken by international organizations such as the ILO and the United Nations between 1919 and 2001

Forms of Discrimination

Fact sheet on various forms of discrimination in the workplace, prepared by the ILO

Discrimination at Work: The Americas

Fact sheet on discrimination in the Americas, prepared by the ILO