How Will History Judge Us? The Admiral Raymond A. Spruance lecture given at the Naval War College

This year Mrs. Tuchman turned to the 14th century in order to gain perspective on contemporary problems and conditions. In so doing, she raised several difficult and pointed questions about the maintenance of military forces in particular and the social malaise of both centuries

How will History Judge Us?

To begin by way of parenthesis, I should tell you that when Vice Admiral Julian LeBourgeois, President 1974-1977, invited me to give the Spruance Lecture, I had to tell that the 14th century in which I have been absorbed for the past four years is not easily adaptable to the purpose Admiral Spruance had in mind. Let me give you a glimpse

Cross-sectional observational study of 208 patients with non-classical urea cycle disorders

Urea cycle disorders (UCDs) are inherited disorders of ammonia detoxification often regarded as mainly of relevance to pediatricians. Based on an increasing number of case studies it has become obvious that a significant number of UCD patients are affected by their disease in a non-classical way: presenting outside the newborn period, following a mild course, presenting with unusual clinical features, or asymptomatic patients with only biochemical signs of a UCD. These patients are surviving into adolescence and adulthood, rendering this group of diseases clinically relevant to adult physicians as well as pediatricians. In preparation for an international workshop we collected data on all patients with non-classical UCDs treated by the participants in 20 European metabolic centres. Information was collected on a cohort of 208 patients 50% of which were ≥ 16 years old. The largest subgroup (121 patients) had X-linked ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) of whom 83 were female and 29% of these were asymptomatic. In index patients, there was a mean delay from first symptoms to diagnosis of 1.6 years. Cognitive impairment was present in 36% of all patients including female OTCD patients (in 31%) and those 41 patients identified presymptomatically following positive newborn screening (in 12%). In conclusion, UCD patients with non-classical clinical presentations require the interest and care of adult physicians and have a high risk of neurological complications. To improve the outcome of UCDs, a greater awareness by health professionals of the importance of hyperammonemia and UCDs, and ultimately avoidance of the still long delay to correctly diagnose the patients, is crucial

O manuscrito e o iconográfico em cartões-postais belicosos: da apologia cavalheiresca à contestação da Grande Guerra (1914-1918) na França

O trabalho analisa mensagens transmitidas por cartões-postais produzidos e circulados na França no contexto da Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914-1918), apresentando temática associada ao conflito. O objetivo é contrapor as mensagens iconográficas e textuais neles impressas à quelas que foram manuscritas por seus remetentes, de modo a evidenciar formas de expressão e percepções do conflito, conforme empregadas por civis e militares, em diferentes momentos de seu desenvolvimento.The paper analyzes messages conveyed by postcards produced and circulated in France during the First World War (1914-1918), with themes referring to the conflict. The intention is to compare the iconographic and textual messages printed with handwritten messages, to display forms of expression and perception of war, used by civilian and military on different occasions

Stilwell and the American experience in China

xxii+794hlm.;21c