Space and time in the context of social measurement

This paper discusses some of the basic philosophical concepts – the concepts of “space and time” - and their relation to social evolution. The work presents the characteristics of social forms of space and time, shows the specifics of their formation in connection with human activity and the system of social relations. It was found that time duration has different manifestations in the context of historically different cultural epochs. Acceleration of social time takes place in the course of human historical practice development. Meanwhile, some social systems sometimes take the form of a certain deceleration in time. This usually occurs because of the inadequacy of the control system for the capabilities of the social organism. Social space is primarily connected with the dynamics of changes in social bonds and relationships. In the process of historical formation of social systems, social space assumes a more complex structure and expands. In the period of globalization growth, social space takes the form of a truly global integral system.peer-reviewe

Comparison of digital image analysis methods for morphometric characterization of soil aggregates in thin sections

The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of semiautomatic segmentation methods for obtaining and evaluating morphometric parameters of soil aggregates in artificially prepared loose samples in soil thin sections. The object of the research is typical arable Chernozem. The aggregates were separated by wet sieving method from loose sample of upper 10 cm of the plowing horizon after erosion by a model shallow water flow on a large erosion tray. The aggregates, loosely scattered on the glass and fixed with polyester resin, were used to produce the thin sections. Images of the thin sections were taken under a polarizing microscope and then were processed using two methods compared: Adobe Photoshop + CTan and Thixomet Pro. Data on morphometric parameters of aggregates were obtained: the shape factor, the degree of roundness and the coefficient of aggregate surface roughness. The convergence of the results obtained using Photoshop + CTan by three researchers was evaluated by comparing samples using the Student's test and the Mann-Whitney test. The convergence of the averaged results obtained using Photoshop + CTan and the results obtained using Thixomet Pro was evaluated using the Mann - Whitney test. No significant differences were found between the parameters of the same aggregates obtained using a combination of Adobe Photoshop and CTan programs by different researchers. No significant differences were found between the parameters of the same aggregates obtained by the compared methods. So, one can conclude that the reliability of determining the morphometric parameters of soil aggregates using Thixomet Pro is comparable to the reliability of results when working with images of sectionsin CTan after binarization in Adobe Photoshop. The method of obtaining data on morphometric parameters of soil aggregates using Thixomet Pro completely eliminates the possibility of subjective error, shows a high degree of automation, reproducibility and reliability of the results obtained, and is faster

Measures to protect the population from the radiation situation. Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster

The purpose of study — to identify the most effective victim assistance program, as well as individual protection for a person.Цель исследования — выявить наиболее эффективную программу оказания помощи пострадавшим, а также индивидуальную защиту для человека

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and depressive disorder in no psychic disorder context during early postoperative aortocoronary shunting period

The aim of the work is to research patients' early postoperative cognitive dysfunction after aortocoronary shunting, make connections between cognitive function and depressive disorder. Clinical, psychological, neuropsychological examination of 110 patients’ during preoperative period aortocoronary shunting shows that postoperative cognitive dysfunction appears in almost all patients’ cognitive function deterioration. At preoperative period depression authentically increases risk postoperative cognitive dysfunction development that is mostly shown in concentration impairment. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction and depressive disorder in no psychic disorder context during early postoperative aortocoronary shunting period form composite symptom complex where depressive and cognitive disorders have reciprocal interactive communication. The most effect on cardio-surgery practice has application of the neuropsychological tests such as «dysautomatic speech», «drawing a serials of figures» and «words memorization» for patients with ischemia during preoperative and early postoperative aortocoronary shunting period. The main aim of those tests is to detect patients cognitive and depressive disorders on early period.Целью работы было исследование характера и выраженности ранней послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции у пациентов, перенесших аортокоронарное шунтирование, установление ассоциации нарушений когнитивных функций с депрессивными расстройствами. Клиническое, психологическое и нейропсихологическое обследование 110 больных в лериоперационном периоде аортокоронарного шунтирования выявило, что послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция проявляется в ухудшении практически всех когнитивных функций больных. Наличие депрессии в дооперационном периоде достоверно повышает риск развития послеоперационной когнитивной дисфункции, проявляющейся в большей степени в ухудшении внимания. Послеоперационная когнитивная дисфункция и депрессивные нарушения в раннем послеоперационном периоде аортокоронарного шунтирования образуют сложный симптомокомплекс, в котором проявления депрессии и когнитивные расстройства оказывают друг на друга реципрокное влияние. Наиболее эффективным для практического внедрения в кардиохирургическую практику представляется включение в обследование больных с ишемической болезнью сердца на этапе подготовки и в раннем послеоперационном периоде аортокоронарного шунтирования таких нейропсихологических тестов, как «деавтоматизированная речь», «рисование серии фигур» и «запоминание групп слов» с целью раннего выявления когнитивных и депрессивных нарушений у этой группы пациентов

Detection and defect correction of operating process

The article is devoted to the current problem of enterprise competitiveness rise in hard and competitive terms of business environment. The importance of modern equipment for detection of defects and their correction is explained. Production of chipboard is used as an object of research. Short description and main results of estimation efficiency of innovative solutions of enterprises are considered

Методика проведения судебной лингвистической экспертизы по делам об оскорблении

A summary of the methodology covers the theoretical underpinnings of forensic linguistic analysis in cases involving criminal insult, as well as methods of achieving forensic objectives. A full-text print version of the methodology is planned for release later this year.В кратком варианте (проспекте) методики рассматриваются теоретические основы судебной лингвистической экспертизы по делам об оскорблении, а также методика решения экспертных задач. В текущем году планируется издание полного варианта Методики

Some pharmacogenetic aspects of the <i>ABCB1</i> gene in lopinavir / ritonavir concentration variability in children with HIV infection: A pilot study

Polymorphic variants of the multidrug resistance gene (ABCB1 or MDR1) are associated with changes in the absorption and transport of drugs in the body. One of the substrates of the ABCB1 transporter is an antiretroviral drug from the class of protease inhibitors, lopinavir.   The aim. To research the effect of polymorphic variants C1236T and C3435T in the ABCB1 gene on the plasma concentration of lopinavir / ritonavir in children and adolescents living with HIV infection.   Methods. The genotypes of polymorphic variants of the ABCB1 gene were identified in 136 HIV infected children and adolescents; median age – 10 [7–12] years. The plasma concentration of lopinavir / ritonavir was measured from blood taken during the next scheduled appointment as part of dispensary observation at the Irkutsk Regional AIDS Centre using high performance liquid chromatography.   Results. The average duration of lopinavir/ritonavir use as part of an antiretroviral therapy was 55 months. Median viral load in patients was 1 [1–2.03] log 10  copies/ mL; the number of CD4 +  T cells – 38.36 %. The frequency of occurrence of the 3435T and 1236T alleles of the ABCB1 gene was ~50 %. In carriers of the 3435TT genotype, the median lopinavir concentrations 2 and 12 hours after drug intake were 5050.8 [3615.8–5847.7] and 2665.5 [216–4896.3] ng/mL, respectively. In carriers of the 1236TT genotype, median lopinavir concentrations 2 and 12 hours after drug intake were 4913.5 [3355.1–5733.7] and 3290.6 [159.1–4972.5] ng/mL, respectively.   Conclusions. The study did not reveal a significant relationship between the carriage of the C3435T and C1236T genotypes of the ABCB1 gene and the concentrations of lopinavir and ritonavir 2 and 12 hours after drug intake

Promotion of Vaccination as a Tool for the Health of the Nation

The article discusses the features of the manifestation of a new coronavirus infection, its impact on the world space. It has been determined that vaccination, as an important tool for active immunoprophylaxis, is of the greatest importance in the current conditions of the spread of the virus and ensuring the health of the nation. The statistical data of vaccination among various countries are considered, an assumption is made, what is the reason for the insufficient degree of involvement of Russians in the vaccination program against Covid-19.В статье рассмотрены особенности проявления новой коронавирусной инфекции, ее влияние на мировом пространстве. Определено, что вакцинация, как важный инструмент активной иммунопрофилактики имеет наибольшее значение в сложившихся условиях масштабов распространения вируса и обеспечения здоровьесбережения нации. Рассмотрены статистические данные вакцинации среди различных стран, сделано предположение, чем обусловлена недостаточная степень вовлеченности россиян в программу вакцинации против Covid-19

Эмоциональное состояние у студентов с нарушением здоровья при пандемии COVID-19

The article deals with some aspects of studying the emotional sphere of students with disabilities in the period of distance learning connecting with the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. A research scheme has been developed and implemented to identify correlations between the indicators of the emotional sphere and satisfaction of distance learning. The investigation is based on the study results of 64 students with sensory and physical disorders and somatic diseases studying at Transbaikal State University. Before moving to distance educational technologies during the pandemic, all students were studied in traditional, full-time education form. The diagnostic data analysis showed significant relationships between emotional indicators, as well as emotional ones with parameters of satisfaction with distance learning in students with disabilities.В статье рассматриваются некоторые аспекты исследования эмоциональной сферы студентов с ограниченными возможностями в период дистанционного обучения в связи с распространением новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19. Разработана и реализована схема исследования по выявлению корреляционных связей показателей эмоциональной сферы с показателями удовлетворенности дистанционным обучением. За основу взяты полученные результаты исследования 64 студентов, имеющих сенсорные и физические нарушения и соматические заболевания, обучающихся в Забайкальском государственном университете. До перехода на дистанционные образовательные технологии в период пандемии все студенты обучались по традиционной, очной форме. Анализ диагностических данных показал наличие значимых взаимосвязей между показателями эмоциональной сферы, а также взаимосвязь показателей эмоциональной сферы с показателями удовлетворенности дистанционным обучением у студентов, имеющих инвалидность

The First Saint Petersburg Regional Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Registry on the Basis of the Regional Health Information System: Principles of Functioning, Testing Results, Plan of Development

Aim: to present the principles of functioning of the regional registry of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in Saint Petersburg on the basis of the City Health Information System (Saint Petersburg IBD Registry).Key points. The Saint Petersburg IBD Registry consists of General Statistical Module and Clinical Module. The General Statistical Module is intended to analyze the prevalence of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, the number of patient visits to medical institutions; to assess the burden on the healthcare system, demographic characteristics, routing and mortality for the whole region. The Clinical Module allows to assess the IBD features in prospective observation. The register case report form is integrated into the patient's status in the Medical Information System of the medical institution. Saint Petersburg IBD Registry operates on the basis of the Saint Petersburg Medical Center of Information and Analysis within the framework of the Regional Medical Data Collection System of the Russian state information system “Regional Fragment of the Unified State Information System in the Healthcare Branch”. The accumulation of prospective data in the Clinical Module continues, which in the near future will make it possible to test and configure the automated analytical block of the registry.Conclusion. The functioning of the Saint Petersburg IBD Registry allows to achieve following primary goals within region: assessment of the epidemiological features of IBD in Saint Petersburg; dynamic assessment of the disease features; assessment and planning of health care resources required to provide care to IBD patients; improvement of approaches to the treatment taking into account the specifics of the region; assessment of the effectiveness and tolerability of specific treatment including biologics