2,701 research outputs found

    The role of advice in child psychiatry

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    Opportunity cost of water in the South Platte River: comparing economic value derived from stated and revealed preferences

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    2019 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.The assessment of model choice is important in the valuation of ecosystem services because of the implications it has on policy decision making and public perception of natural resources. Values derived from the Contingent Valuation Method and the Travel Cost Method were compared using the South Platte River as a case study. Two surveys were distributed in order to find willingness to pay for increased fishery quality. In the Contingent Valuation model, individuals were asked if they were willing to pay an increased fishing license fee in order to improve fishery quality. The median willingness to pay for increased fishery quality amounted to 77.07perindividual.IntheTravelCostmodel,individualsweresurveyedatfisheriesofvaryingqualityalongtheSouthPlatteRiver,usingtheircostoftravel,fishingtripspecificpurchases,andthefisheriesqualitymeasuretodeterminewillingnesstopayforincreasedfisheryquality.Inthismodeltheannualwillingnesstopayforanincreaseinqualityfromquality1toquality2is77.07 per individual. In the Travel Cost model, individuals were surveyed at fisheries of varying quality along the South Platte River, using their cost of travel, fishing-trip-specific purchases, and the fisheries' quality measure to determine willingness to pay for increased fishery quality. In this model the annual willingness to pay for an increase in quality from quality 1 to quality 2 is 83, while the willingness to pay for an increase in quality from quality 2 to quality 3 is 153.Finally,thewillingnesstopayforanincreaseinqualityfromquality3toquality4is153. Finally, the willingness to pay for an increase in quality from quality 3 to quality 4 is 481, while the willingness to pay for an increase in quality from quality 4 to quality 5 is $2639. Both models showed that, even at their lower bound, gross willingness to pay exceeded the cost to restore ecosystem services and improve fishery quality

    The Housing Crisis and the Rise of the Real Estate State

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    This article — an excerpt from my book, Capital City, with elaborations on a number of key points — argues that the housing crises endemic to contemporary capitalism must be understood as a result of the concentration of global capital into real estate and the the re-orientation of state planning capacities around the demands of the real estate industry. The first half of the article explains the dimensions of the crisis in the US and the rise of the real estate state. The second half explores policy alternatives to contemporary urban neoliberalism and the kinds of movements necessary to bring them about

    Precarity and Gentrification: A Feedback Loop

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    How do rent hikes and labor precarity conspire to reinforce each other against tenants and workers? Samuel Stein explains the mechanisms that link these two trends affecting citizens and calls for a tightening of rent-control laws to stop the spiraling descent of American residents into poverty

    A Study on the Inter-communication System as Used in South Dakota Schools for the Instruction of Non-ambulatory Students from 1951-1956

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    he importance of education in American Society is regarded by many as a concern for a child’s total personality and not just with his absorption of specific information. Our public schools are the basic institutions through which democratic principles are maintained and improved among our people. An institution which deals with such important principles, with so much money and so many people is bound to be faced with many problems. However, one of the problems most difficult to solve has been the education of the exceptional child. Among those included as exceptional children are the blind, partially sighted, deaf, hard-of-hearing, mentally retarded, gifted, speech handicapped, orthopedically handicapped, and those with special health problems. For them some form of special educational service is required. This problem becomes even greater when it is narrowed down to the field of exceptional children who are non-ambulatory. A non-ambulatory child may be defined as one who can be educated or can continue his education but due to illness or accident is, upon the advice of his physician not permitted to leave his sick bed or his home. Educating the non-ambulatory child calls for different teaching methods, materials and equipment. This particular study will deal with non-ambulatory students and one method of their education in the South Dakota Public schools between the years 1952-1956. Despite the wide sue of the Inter-Communication System in other states, its use in South Dakota Schools has been limited. It is the purpose of this study to evaluate, by means of a questionnaire, the use of the Inter-Communication System in South Dakota for the education of such students

    Public Land Revisited: Municipalization and Privatization in Newark and New York City

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    Public land plays a central role in contemporary urban planning struggles. Using a comparative case study approach focused on the north-eastern US cities of Newark and New York City, we uncover patterns of land acquisition and dispossession that fit five broad and often overlapping periods in planning history: City Beautiful, metropolitan reorganization, deindustrialization, and devaluation, followed by hyper-commodification in New York City and redevelopment amidst disinvestment in Newark. Through this periodization, we find that accumulation and alienation of urban public land has largely taken place through two modes of municipalization (targeted and reactive) and two modes of privatization (community-led and capital-led). Uncovering these complex and contradictory processes strengthens the case for a more intentional approach to public land than either city’s leadership is currently pursuing, but which social movements have persistently demanded – one which prioritizes democratic decision-making in long-term land management, as well as public access, use and purpose

    Probabilistic programming with exact conditions

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    We spell out the paradigm of exact conditioning as an intuitive and powerful way of conditioning on observations in probabilistic programs. This is contrasted with likelihood-based scoring known from languages such as Stan. We study exact conditioning in the cases of discrete and Gaussian probability, presenting prototypical languages for each case and giving semantics to them. We make use of categorical probability (namely Markov and CD categories) to give a general account of exact conditioning which avoids limits and measure theory, instead focusing on restructuring dataflow and program equations. The correspondence between such categories and a class of programming languages is made precise by defining the internal language of a CD category

    Historiography, Ideology, and Law: An Introduction

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    This is an introduction to a forum on historiography, ideology, and law. The basic question weaving this forum together concerns the meaning of the term “critical” in the domain of critical legal history, a question that is deeply familiar to historians of all stripes. Ultimately, whether you are a lawyer doing historical work, a historian interested in law, or a historian of a different sort altogether, there is no hiding from the question of context and, critically, the ideological stakes in choosing an answer to that question

    Introduction: History, Ideology, and the Crisis of Legal Critique

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    This symposium occupies the intersection of recent developments in the vicissitudes of critique. One is the ongoing discussion across the humanistic disciplines about whether critique—the standard mode of humanistic argument for decades—has had its day, or is in need of critique itself. And, more particularly, the symposium asks: how has this discussion been received in the domain of critical legal theory, if it has been received at all? A prominent thread in the pages that follow is a renewed question about the viability of Marxism—perhaps the ur-version of critique. Ironically, Marxism has had a complex or even distant relation to the dominant modes of critique in recent decades, both inside and outside the legal academy. With another wave of interest in the 1960s, the Marxist theories that were emphasized as time passed tended to represent Marxism’s culturalist forms (pre-eminently the work of the Frankfurt School). But all varieties of Marxism suffered in relation to post-Marxist social thought, including various forms of poststructuralism. Yet especially since the economic crisis of 2008, many believe Marxism needs to come back—and in its economistic and even materialist forms—for legal critique to be “truly” possible
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