Plan de negocio para una empresa de resguardo de objetos personales en la ciudad de Trujillo

La presente tesis tiene como objetivo general proponer y desarrollar un plan de negocio para una empresa de resguardo de objetos personales en la ciudad de Trujillo, idea que nace como consecuencia del alto ?ndice de percepci?n de inseguridad en la ciudad y resolver una necesidad de comodidad para el turista durante su estad?a. De ello se desprenden cinco objetivos espec?ficos. El primero consiste en aplicar t?cnicas de investigaci?n de mercado para determinar la oferta y demanda del servicio en la ciudad. En el segundo objetivo se realiza el diagn?stico y planeamiento de lineamientos estrat?gicos para este plan de negocio. El tercero consiste en analizar el desarrollo de factores claves de ?xito, que lo hacen ?nico al negocio. En el cuarto objetivo se desarrolla un plan de marketing de acuerdo a las caracter?sticas de este plan de negocio, analizando los planes estrat?gicos y operativos que permita una aceptaci?n r?pida y sea sostenible en el mercado. Y en el quinto objetivo se desarrolla el estudio de la rentabilidad mediante la evaluaci?n econ?mica para determinar su viabilidad o no a trav?s de indicadores econ?micos como el VAN, la TIR

Circulating Strains of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Central and South America

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a major cause of viral lower respiratory tract infections among infants and young children. HRSV strains vary genetically and antigenically and have been classified into two broad subgroups, A and B (HRSV-A and HRSV-B, respectively). To date, little is known about the circulating strains of HRSV in Latin America. We have evaluated the genetic diversity of 96 HRSV strains by sequencing a variable region of the G protein gene of isolates collected from 2007 to 2009 in Central and South America. Our results show the presence of the two antigenic subgroups of HRSV during this period with the majority belonging to the genotype HRSV-A2

Genome-assisted breeding for drought resistance.

Drought stress caused by unpredictable precipitation poses a major threat to food production worldwide, and its impact is only expected to increase with the further onset of climate change. Understanding the effect of drought stress on crops and plants' response is critical for developing improved varieties with stable high yield to fill a growing food gap from an increasing population depending on decreasing land and water resources. When a plant encounters drought stress, it may use multiple response types, depending on environmental conditions, drought stress intensity and duration, and the physiological stage of the plant. Drought stress responses can be divided into four broad types: drought escape, drought avoidance, drought tolerance, and drought recovery, each characterized by interacting mechanisms, which may together be referred to as drought resistance mechanisms. The complex nature of drought resistance requires a multi-pronged approach to breed new varieties with stable and enhanced yield under drought stress conditions. High throughput genomics and phenomics allow marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS), which offer rapid and targeted improvement of populations and identification of parents for rapid genetic gains and improved drought-resistant varieties. Using these approaches together with appropriate genetic diversity, databases, analytical tools, and well-characterized drought stress scenarios, weather and soil data, new varieties with improved drought resistance corresponding to grower preferences can be introduced into target regions rapidly

The impact of simple institutions in experimental economies with poverty traps

We introduce an experimental approach to study the effect of institutions on economic growth. In each period, agents produce and trade output in a market, and allocate it to consumption and investment. Productivity is higher if total capital stock is above a threshold. The threshold externality generates two steady states – a suboptimal ‘poverty trap’ and an optimal steady state. In a baseline treatment, the economies converge to the poverty trap. However, the ability to make public announcements or to vote on competing and binding policies, increases output, welfare and capital stock. Combining these two simple institutions guarantees that the economies escape the poverty trap

Permeate microbiome reflects the biofilm microbial community in a gravity-driven woven-fiber microfiltration (WFMF) system for wastewater treatment

United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6.3 aims to half the proportion of untreated wastewater and increase recycling and safe water reuse. Therefore, developing robust technologies to achieve these goals, specifically in low- to middle-income countries, is of concern. One such technology, gravity-driven woven-fiber microfiltration (WFMF) has been shown to be a reliable, low-cost, and versatile water treatment process. This study investigated a gravity-driven WFMF system for treating secondary wastewater. Given the significant role of the microbial community in biological treatment processes, this investigation focused on the inter-relationship between the microbiomes of the influent, biofilm, and permeate, while further examining the system's performance regarding microbial activity and permeate water quality. The WFMF system reached a quasi-steady state after approximately 10 days. The microbiome analysis, specifically beta diversity analysis, showed that the biofilm and permeate had similar microbiomes, proving a direct impact of the biofilm's microbial community on the permeate water quality. It also showed that the microbial community composition changed within the system. Alpha diversity analysis indicated that biofilm had higher richness and alpha diversity indices (e.g., OTUs and Shannon) than the influent. The system reduced the concentrations of fecal indicators Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. and the relative abundance of putative pathogens such as Legionella spp. Furthermore, it reduced microbial activity, as measured by intact cell counts and intracellular ATP, by 48.7% and 58.0%, respectively. Biofilm structure, investigated by various imaging techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), depicted a heterogeneous distribution over the membrane surface. The findings of this study underscore the role of the biofilm on the permeate's microbiome and, consequently, its impact on the permeate's biological stability and suitability for discharge and reuse. Thoroughly understanding microbial dynamics has implications for performance optimization, field implementation, and permeate discharge or reuse

Características clínico-epidemiológicas de un brote de influenza A en personal militar de Trujillo, Perú 2008

We describe an acute febrile respiratory infection outbreak in a military unit in Trujillo, Peru. Cases were identified using the influenza like illness (ILI) definition of the Ministry of Health. Nasal swab samples used for a rapid influenza test (RIT) and pharyngeal swab samples for viral isolation were taken. For influenza A, genotyping of a partial sequence of the hemagglutinin region was performed. The rate attack was 82.9%. Fifty-nine cases appeared between April 1 and 8, 2008; 58 came from the military unit (MU) #1 and one from the MU #2. The RIT identified 40 cases of influenza A and 43 cases were confirmed through cell culture. Isolations were genetically similar to the A H1N1 Brisbane strain. Early detection of outbreaks in confined locations such as military bases permits immediate action in preventing disease propagation.Se describe un brote de infección respiratoria febril aguda en una unidad militar de Trujillo, Perú. Se usó la definición de caso de síndrome gripal del Ministerio de Salud, se tomó hisopado nasal para prueba rápida de influenza (PRI) e hisopado faríngeo para aislamiento viral en cultivo celular. La genotipificación de influenza A fue por secuenciamiento genético de una región del gen de hemaglutinina teniendo como base la cepa vacunal de 2008. Se presentaron 59 casos entre el 01 y 08 de abril de 2008, la tasa de ataque fue de 82,9%. La PRI identificó a 40 casos positivos de influenza A y 43 casos fueron confirmados mediante cultivo celular. Los aislamientos fueron genéticamente similares con la cepa A H1N1 Brisbane . La detección precoz de un brote en lugares cerrados como las bases militares permite actuar de manera inmediata para prevenir su diseminación